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排序方式: 共有322条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Mehmet Musa Özcan Duygu İpek Kashif Ghafoor Fahad Al Juhaimi Nurhan Uslu Elfadil E. Babiker Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed Omer N. Alsawmahi 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(6):2780-2788
Development of novel snack foods is an important area of research, and different ingredients are being tested to develop and process new formulations. In this study, lupin chips prepared using different formulations (hulled lupin, whole lupin, wheat and corn flours) were cooked using baking and frying, and changes in the sensory and colour parameters, acrylamide contents, fat absorption, peroxide number and p-anisidine values of the final products were studied. Lupin flour significantly changed p-anisidine value of chips. Addition of lupin flour and cooking methods affected the colour, fat absorption and peroxide values. Significant differences in chemical properties of chips made from whole and hulled lupin flours were also observed. Acrylamide was not detected in all the formulations studied. The lupin chips have increased brightness (L*), no acrylamides, reduced peroxide and p-anisidine values and acceptable sensory quality; hence, this ingredient is recommendable for use in snack foods. 相似文献
102.
Aybeniz Seyhan Beyza Nur Gunaydin Yusuf Polat Ali Kilic Ali Demir Huseyin Avci 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2020,60(9):2176-2189
Due to its simple linear chain structure, crystal morphology of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) fibers can be controlled to fulfill the needs of diverse advanced applications. This study presents a simple two-step method to produce LLDPE fibers with self-assembled fibrillar crystals and highly oriented amorphous phase. Rather than conventional melt spinning, fibers were treated in a two-step eco-friendly bath without drawing after extruded fibers emerge from the spinneret. Treated fibers through the baths demonstrated lower crystallinity, but significantly higher degree of crystal orientation when compared to control fibers of traditional melt spinning. Morphological analysis revealed that a unique microstructure was formed after spinning through a two-step eco-friendly bath. As-spun fibers demonstrated spherulitic morphology which can be transformed into a fibrillar structure followed by post-drawing process. Cross sectional images of the treated LLDPE fibers produced at 400 m/min showed fibrillar PE crystals which can be more dominant upon post-drawing. After two-step bath treatment, produced fibers need low draw ratios to exhibit high performance. Our novel modification followed by hot drawing process can manipulate internal structure with performance of PE fibers to an outstanding level of 0.35 GPa strength and 3 GPa modulus at a production speed of 400 m/min. 相似文献
103.
104.
Duygu Ağaoğulları Özge Balcı İsmaİl Duman M. Lütfİ Öveçoğlu 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2011,42(3):568-574
The α-rhombohedral and β-rhombohedral crystal structures of pure elemental boron powders have been synthesized via gas phase thermal dissociation
of BCl3 by H2 on a quartz substrate. The parameters affecting the crystal structures of the final products and the process efficiency,
such as BCl3/H2 molar ratio (1/2 and 1/4) and reaction temperature (1173 K to 1373 K [900 °C to 1100 °C]), have been examined. The experimental
apparatus of original design has enabled boron powders to be obtained at temperatures lower than those in the literature.
The surface/powder separation problem encountered previously with different substrate materials has been avoided. Boron powders
have been synthesized with a minimum purity of 99.99 pct after repeated HF leaching. The qualitative analysis of exhaust gases
has been conducted using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). The synthesized powders have been characterized
using an X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The results of the reactions
have been compared with equilibrium predictions performed using the FactSage 6.2 (Center for Research in Computational Thermochemistry,
Montreal, Canada) thermochemical software. 相似文献
105.
106.
Yucel Birol Duygu İsler Mustafa Urgen 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2011,42(11):3316-3322
Thin hard coatings provide the much needed protection for steel thixoforming tools that must resist wear at high temperatures.
The wear resistance of AlTiN- and AlTiON-coated hot work tool steel was investigated at 1023 K (750 °C), measured to be the
cavity surface temperature shortly after the steel slurry was forced into the thixoforming die. The wear tests were repeated
in exactly the same fashion with uncoated tool steel samples to identify the impact of AlTiN and AlTiON coatings on the high-temperature
wear performance of X32CrMoV33 tool steel. The nature, the thickness, and the adherence of the oxide scales impact the tribological
behavior. The poor adherence and limited ductility of ferrous oxides promote the failure of the oxide scale impairing the
resistance to wear of the hot work tool steel at elevated temperatures. The substantial softening in the X32CrMoV33 hot work
tool steel is also critical in the wear volume loss it suffers. AlTiN and AlTiON coatings, on the other hand, form a stable
and protective oxide surface layer at high temperatures and therefore provide an enhanced resistance to oxidation. The latter
is relatively more resistant to oxidation and is thus the better of the two coatings tested in the present work. 相似文献
107.
This study aims to prepare and examine the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/casein (PVA/CAS) based films reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (NC), which can be presented as an alternative to petroleum-based polymer packaging materials. PVA/CAS and 0.5–1–3–5 wt% NC containing PVA/CAS biocomposite films were prepared by solution casting method. Afterward, the 1NC film, which exhibited the best mechanical properties, was crosslinked with various amounts of glyoxal. Structural, morphological (polarized optical microscope), mechanical (tensile), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis), contact angle, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) properties of the samples were investigated. The 1NC film exhibited the highest tensile strength (TS) and elongation values in PVA/CAS/NC films, and its mechanical properties decreased due to agglomeration with increasing NC amount. As expected, crosslinking improved the TS. The thermal stability of the PVA/CAS film was generally improved with the addition of NC and crosslinking. The high WVTR value of the PVA/CAS film decreased with the addition of NC and the 1NC film presented the lowest value. Thanks to the complex structure formed as a result of crosslinking and the reduced free volume, the WVTR of the 1NC film has reduced. The results showed that PVA/CAS-based films with good mechanical properties and water vapor barrier are promising as packaging materials. 相似文献
108.
Bekir Özçelik Hakan Gündoğmuş Duygu Yazıcı 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2014,25(6):2456-2462
In the present work, the effect of co-doping of Ta and Nb with nominal composition of (BiPb)2TaxSr2Ca3Cu4?yNbyO12+δ where x = 0.1 and y = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 were investigated. The samples were prepared by using the well-known conventional standard solid-state reaction method. The magnetoresistance measurements were studied for different values of the applied magnetic field. The activation energies, irreversibility fields (H irr ), upper critical fields (H c2 ) and coherence lengths at 0 K (ζ(0)) were calculated from the resistivity versus temperature (ρ-T) curves, under DC magnetic fields up to 6 T. The thermally activated flux flow (TAFF) model has been applied in order to calculate the flux pinning energies. The results have shown that the upper critical magnetic field, H c2 (0), and the flux pinning energies vary from ~113 to 74 T and ~384 to 101 meV at 0 T, with the Nb-content, respectively. 相似文献
109.
Kişla D 《Journal of food protection》2007,70(12):2847-2850
Street foods are becoming more and more prominent in countries all over the world. There are many reports of disease due to consumption of street foods contaminated by pathogens. With the modern trend toward more natural preservatives, the use of organic acids can achieve a good microbiological safety in food. In the present study, stuffed mussels were inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium suspension to provide initial populations of approximately 6 and 3 log CFU/g. After inoculation, samples were treated with fresh lemon juice and lemon dressing for 0, 5, and 15 min, and pathogens were enumerated by using direct plating on brilliant green agar. Treatment of stuffed mussels inoculated at high inoculum level, with lemon juice and lemon dressing for different exposure times caused reduction ranging between 0.25 and 0.56 log CFU/g and 0.5 and 0.69 log CFU/g, respectively, whereas in stuffed-mussel samples inoculated at low level, lemon juice and lemon dressing caused 0.08 to 0.25 log CFU/g and 0.22 to 0.78 log CFU/g reductions, respectively. Results of the study showed that both lemon juice and lemon dressing used as flavoring and acidifying agents for stuffed mussels caused slight decrease in Salmonella Typhimurium as an immediate inhibitor, but this effect increased by time. However, treatment of stuffed mussels with the inhibitors until 15 min is not enough to prevent Salmonella Typhimurium outbreaks related to stuffed mussels. 相似文献
110.
In this paper, a genetic algorithm (GA) with local search is proposed for the unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with the objective of minimising the maximum completion time (makespan). We propose a simple chromosome structure consisting of random key numbers in a hybrid genetic-local search algorithm. Random key numbers are frequently used in GAs but create additional difficulties when hybrid factors are implemented in a local search. The best chromosome of each generation is improved using a local search during the algorithm, but the better job sequence (which might appear during the local search operation) must be adapted to the chromosome that will be used in each successive generation. Determining the genes (and the data in the genes) that would be exchanged is the challenge of using random numbers. We have developed an algorithm that satisfies the adaptation of local search results into the GAs with a minimum relocation operation of the genes’ random key numbers – this is the main contribution of the paper. A new hybrid approach is tested on a set of problems taken from the literature, and the computational results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献