In situ and air index measurements: influence of the deposition parameters on the shift of TiO2/SiO2 Fabry-Perot filters

We measure the refractive index of thin films of TiO2 and SiO2 for given deposition parameters. Two complementary methods are used. The first is a postdeposition technique which uses the measurements of reflectance and transmittance in air. The second, in contrast, makes use of in situ measurements (under vacuum and during the actual deposition of the layer). The differences between the values deduced from the two methods can be explained by the amount of atmospheric moisture adsorbed by films. One tries to minimize these shifts for the two materials by choosing deposition parameters. The difficulties come from the absorption losses which must be as small as possible. We use the measured refractive indices of individual layers to give good numerical prediction of the wavelength shift (observed during the admittance of air after deposition in the vacuum chamber) of the transmittance peak of multidielectric Fabry-Perot filters.     

Effect of post-mortem temperature on beef tenderness

Beef adductor muscles were incubated for 4 h post mortem at 10°C and for 4 h and 6 h post mortem at 30°C, 37°C and 42°C. Half of the muscles were cooked just after incubation and the other half was first stored for two days at 4°C and then cooked. Meat kept for 4 h or 6 h at 42°C and for 6 h at 37°C and cooked at once had a significantly (p<0·05) lower shear force than meat kept for 4 h at 37°C, 4 h at 30°C, 6 h at 30°C or 4 h at 10°C. The respective significant differences were also found when the meat was cooked two days after incubation. Organoleptic evaluation showed that meat incubated for 6 h at 37°C or for 4 h at 42°C was not significantly more tender than other samples. However, meat kept for 6 h at 42°C was more tender (p<0·5) than the other samples. After two days of storage, meat incubated for 6 h at 37°C and for 6 h at 42° was more tender (p<0·05) than meat kept for 6 h at 30°C. It was concluded that high temperature conditioning at 37°C or higher for 6 h (4 h at 42°C) just after slaughter makes meat more tender than conventional cooling systems.     

Feature-based registration of retinal images

Registration of retinal images taken at different times frequently is required to measure changes caused by disease or to document retinal location of visual stimuli. Cross-correlation has been used previously for such registration, but it is computationally intensive. We have modified a faster algorithm, sequential similarity detection (SSD), to use only the portion of the template that contains retinal vessels. When compared to standard SSD and cross-correlation, this modification improves the reliability of detection for a variety of retinal imaging modalities. The improved reliability enables implementation of a two-stage registration strategy that further decreases the amount of computation and increases the speed of registration.     

激光相变硬化的温度控制

稳定吸收的功率密度是获得沿着扫描轨迹的均匀硬化层深及适当的硬度分布的先决条件。然而,激光输出功率及专门的或涂覆的表面的吸收实际上是波动的,从而导致沿着扫描轨迹的吸收功率通量的变化,甚至在准稳定处理条件下也是如此。可以通过适当的包括一台快速高温计及一台比例积分微分控制器(PID)的控制系统来克服这个困难。通过监视最大温度点上的表面温度场及激光输出功率的控制来保持恒定的吸收。     

FORMATION OF MANGANESE SILICIDE THIN FILMS BY SOLID PHASE REACTION

1. IntroductionThe transition metal silicides have attraeted much attention because of their potentialapplicatiOIl in very large scale integration (VLSI) de.ice[1]. Near-noble metal silicides canbe used as Schottky al1d ohn1ic col1tacts in silicon-based d…     

反向洗涤装置的计算

文中公式与图表有助于溶质回收率、洗液速率和洗涤段数的计算,从而使反向洗涤装置的设计最为经济合理。用适宜的溶剂以洗     

为解决磨损问题选择PVD处理的准则

1.综述:本文将着重说明几个要点。涂层技术的工业应用有以下几个重要环节:清洗—加热—离子清洗—涂覆—冷却—调制。仅有几种产品在涂层制备过程中省去了一些环节。至于究竟应当省去哪些环节,这对不同零件来说是截然不同的,它不但取决于涂层的最终性能要求,而且与涂层材料、涂层的制备过程有关。涂层制备前的加热,离子清洗环节是本文讨论的重点,下面先简     

六六六生产中异构体分配的控制

六六六生产中异构体分配的控制采用下法实验: 实验方法实验使用两种仪器装置:用过量的苯作溶剂时,采用500毫升三口烧瓶,装有搅拌器、温度计、气体进口及取试料口。一或二个100瓦Mazda灯,125瓦Hanovia灯,或400瓦AH-1灯作光源。改变灯与反应器的距离,或在固定的距离下改变电压,以加强或减弱光的照度,进行试验。不含硫茂的苯(熔点5.5℃)200克放入烧瓶中,反应系统用氮充分洗涤。开灯,用水浴调节温度,由少量氮(0.05克分子/小时)稀释的氯通过流量计(0.2～0.4克/分