全文获取类型
收费全文 | 968535篇 |
免费 | 13318篇 |
国内免费 | 2751篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 17798篇 |
综合类 | 1012篇 |
化学工业 | 145779篇 |
金属工艺 | 39086篇 |
机械仪表 | 30638篇 |
建筑科学 | 22841篇 |
矿业工程 | 5125篇 |
能源动力 | 25336篇 |
轻工业 | 78952篇 |
水利工程 | 10132篇 |
石油天然气 | 17157篇 |
武器工业 | 75篇 |
无线电 | 108826篇 |
一般工业技术 | 189068篇 |
冶金工业 | 186123篇 |
原子能技术 | 19454篇 |
自动化技术 | 87202篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 8324篇 |
2020年 | 6240篇 |
2019年 | 7877篇 |
2018年 | 17005篇 |
2017年 | 17076篇 |
2016年 | 16286篇 |
2015年 | 9666篇 |
2014年 | 15620篇 |
2013年 | 43771篇 |
2012年 | 25949篇 |
2011年 | 37934篇 |
2010年 | 30885篇 |
2009年 | 33708篇 |
2008年 | 34335篇 |
2007年 | 35106篇 |
2006年 | 27349篇 |
2005年 | 26313篇 |
2004年 | 24571篇 |
2003年 | 24212篇 |
2002年 | 22720篇 |
2001年 | 22103篇 |
2000年 | 20821篇 |
1999年 | 21841篇 |
1998年 | 55859篇 |
1997年 | 39179篇 |
1996年 | 30199篇 |
1995年 | 22757篇 |
1994年 | 19856篇 |
1993年 | 19686篇 |
1992年 | 14331篇 |
1991年 | 13284篇 |
1990年 | 13384篇 |
1989年 | 12883篇 |
1988年 | 12073篇 |
1987年 | 10788篇 |
1986年 | 10632篇 |
1985年 | 11983篇 |
1984年 | 11072篇 |
1983年 | 9987篇 |
1982年 | 9309篇 |
1981年 | 9487篇 |
1980年 | 9012篇 |
1979年 | 8737篇 |
1978年 | 8571篇 |
1977年 | 10083篇 |
1976年 | 13260篇 |
1975年 | 7463篇 |
1974年 | 7003篇 |
1973年 | 7194篇 |
1972年 | 5971篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Krzysztof M. Tokarz Wojciech Wesoowski Barbara Tokarz Wojciech Makowski Anna Wysocka Roman J. Jdrzejczyk Karolina Chrabaszcz Kamilla Malek Anna Kostecka-Gugaa 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(2)
Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) is a leguminous plant of outstanding tolerance to abiotic stress. The aim of the presented study was to describe the mechanism of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) photosynthetic apparatus acclimatisation strategies to salinity stress. The seedlings were cultivated in a hydroponic system in media containing various concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, and 100 mM), imitating none, moderate, and severe salinity, respectively, for three weeks. In order to characterise the function and structure of the photosynthetic apparatus, Chl a fluorescence, gas exchange measurements, proteome analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis were done inter alia. Significant differences in the response of the leaf and stem photosynthetic apparatus to severe salt stress were observed. Leaves became the place of harmful ion (Na+) accumulation, and the efficiency of their carboxylation decreased sharply. In turn, in stems, the reconstruction of the photosynthetic apparatus (antenna and photosystem complexes) activated alternative electron transport pathways, leading to effective ATP synthesis, which is required for the efficient translocation of Na+ to leaves. These changes enabled efficient stem carboxylation and made them the main source of assimilates. The observed changes indicate the high plasticity of grass pea photosynthetic apparatus, providing an effective mechanism of tolerance to salinity stress. 相似文献
52.
Felipe A. Perdomo Siti H. Khalit Claire S. Adjiman Amparo Galindo George Jackson 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(3):e17194
The SAFT-γ Mie group-contribution equation of state is used to represent the fluid-phase behavior of aqueous solutions of a variety of linear, branched, and cyclic amines. New group interactions are developed in order to model the mixtures of interest, including the like and unlike interactions between alkyl primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups (NH2, NH, N), cyclic secondary and tertiary amine groups (cNH, cN), and cyclic methine-amine groups (cCHNH, cCHN) with water (H2O). The group-interaction parameters are estimated from appropriate experimental thermodynamic data for pure amines and selected mixtures. By taking advantage of the group-contribution nature of the method, one can describe the fluid-phase behavior of mixtures of molecules comprising those groups over broad ranges of temperature, pressure, and composition. A number of aqueous solutions of amines are studied including linear, branched aliphatic, and cyclic amines. Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) bounded by lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) have been reported experimentally and are reproduced here with the SAFT-γ Mie approach. The main feature of the approach is the ability not only to represent accurately the experimental data employed in the parameter estimation, but also to predict the vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria, and LCSTs with the same set of parameters. Pure compound and binary phase diagrams of diverse types of amines and their aqueous solutions are assessed in order to demonstrate the main features of the thermodynamic and fluid-phase behavior. 相似文献
53.
Glass and Ceramics - An analysis of the specific mechanisms of the influence of the state of the grain structure on the thermoelectric properties (electrical resistivity and total thermal... 相似文献
54.
Bosyakova N. A. Pomortsev S. A. Gizatullin R. G. Klyosov Yu. L. Laptov S. V. Kashcheev I. D. Zemlyanoi K. G. 《Refractories and Industrial Ceramics》2021,62(4):381-383
Refractories and Industrial Ceramics - Technology for producing alumina-periclase-carbon refractories of the brands APUK-D and APU-D is developed and implemented. Use of complex antioxidant and... 相似文献
55.
Khammatova V. V. Gainutdinov R. F. Khammatova E. A. Titova L. V. 《Fibre Chemistry》2021,53(3):204-207
Fibre Chemistry - An analysis of the aramid fiber market including the range of industrial textile materials containing chemical fibers for specialized protective clothing of metallurgical workers,... 相似文献
56.
Tallison O. Abreu Roterdan F. Abreu Felipe F. do Carmo Wellington V. de Sousa Helenilson de O. Barros José E.V. de Morais João P.C. do Nascimento Marcelo A.S. da Silva Sergei Trukhanov Alex Trukhanov Larissa Panina Charanjeet Singh Antonio S.B. Sombra 《Ceramics International》2021,47(11):15424-15432
This work presents the dielectric properties of YNbO4 (YNO)–TiO2 composites in the microwave range. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrates that the addition of TiO2 to YNO results in the formation of a Y(Nb0.5Ti0.5)2O6 phase. In the microwave range, the values of permittivity and dielectric loss did not present major changes with the increment of TiO2. Moreover, the addition of TiO2 results in an improvement in the thermal stability of YNO, with YNO63 demonstrating a resonant frequency of ?8.96 ppm.°C?1. We utilised numerical simulations to evaluate the behaviour of these materials as dielectric resonator antennae and it is found that they exhibit a reflection coefficient below ?10 dB at the resonant frequency, with a realised gain of 4.94 – 5.76 dBi, a bandwidth of 665–1050 MHz and a radiation efficiency above 84%. Our results indicate that YNO–TiO2 composites are interesting candidates for microwave operating devices. 相似文献
57.
N.A. Zhuk M.G. Krzhizhanovskaya N.A. Sekushin V.V. Kharton B.A. Makeev V.A. Belyy R.I. Korolev 《Ceramics International》2021,47(14):19424-19433
The solid solutions based on the pyrochlore-type system Bi2MgNb2-xTaxO9 were formed in the compositional range х = 0–2.0 (Bi1·6Mg0·8Nb1.6-tTatO7.2, t = 0–1.6). The Rietveld method was used to refine the structure for Bi2MgNb2-xTaxO9 (x = 0, 1.0, 2.0). The increasing tantalum content led to the slight decrease in the cubic unit cell parameters from 10.56934 (4) Å for x = 0 and 10.54607 (3) Å for x = 2 (sp.gr. Fd-3m:2). At the same time, tantalum additions suppressed grain growth in the pyrochlore ceramics during sintering and made it possible to obtain materials with an average grain size of 1–2 μm (Bi1·6Mg0·8Ta1·6O7.2). The increase in the Ta5+ concentration led to the decrease in the dielectric permeability from 104 (Bi1·6Mg0·8Nb1·6O7.2) to 20 (Bi1·6Mg0·8Ta1·6O7.2) at room temperature, while the dielectric loss tangent remained lower than 0.002, which is due to the small grain size and the high porosity of the samples. An increase in temperature has practically no effect on the values of the dielectric permittivity in the entire frequency range. The samples have weak through conductivity. The activation energies of electrical conductivity varied in the range of 0.84–1.00 eV, and the less tantalum, the lower the activation energy. The electrical properties of the samples at 200 Hz to 1 MHz are described by the simplest parallel scheme. 相似文献
58.
Multimedia Tools and Applications - In this paper, a hashing based watermarking technique for the protection and authentication of document image is proposed. Message Digest 5 (MD5) hashing is... 相似文献
59.
Celia Nieto Milena A. Vega Eva M. Martín del Valle 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Ferroptosis is gaining followers as mechanism of selective killing cancer cells in a non-apoptotic manner, and novel nanosystems capable of inducing this iron-dependent death are being increasingly developed. Among them, polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) are arousing interest, since they have great capability of chelating iron. In this work, PDA NPs were loaded with Fe3+ at different pH values to assess the importance that the pH may have in determining their therapeutic activity and selectivity. In addition, doxorubicin was also loaded to the nanoparticles to achieve a synergist effect. The in vitro assays that were performed with the BT474 and HS5 cell lines showed that, when Fe3+ was adsorbed in PDA NPs at pH values close to which Fe(OH)3 begins to be formed, these nanoparticles had greater antitumor activity and selectivity despite having chelated a smaller amount of Fe3+. Otherwise, it was demonstrated that Fe3+ could be released in the late endo/lysosomes thanks to their acidic pH and their Ca2+ content, and that when Fe3+ was co-transported with doxorubicin, the therapeutic activity of PDA NPs was enhanced. Thus, reported PDA NPs loaded with both Fe3+ and doxorubicin may constitute a good approach to target breast tumors. 相似文献
60.
Cybernetics and Systems Analysis - The authors propose a method for solving the problem of approach of controlled objects in dynamic game problems with a terminal payoff function. The method is... 相似文献