意大利遗址公园规划设计探究——以罗马图拉真考古遗址公园为例

遗址公园作为遗址保护、展示教育与考古研究的有效途径，在世界范围内得以广泛推广与发展。意大利在文化遗产保护领域走在世界前列，其完备的法律保护制度、成熟的遗产保护理念和文物保护技术都有一定的借鉴意义。以罗马图拉真遗址公园为例，通过对其历史沿革的梳理，从遗址的空间结构和历史时序性上解读遗址时空特性，探讨其在坚持遗址原真性的基础上，如何从遗址保护理念、规划设计策略和实施技术路径3个层面对遗址进行保护与阐释，旨在解析意大利在遗址公园规划设计中的理念与方法，探讨其对于遗址公园建设实践的价值。     

Fundamental Solutions in the Theory of Thermoelasticity for Solids with Double Porosity

In this article, the linear theory of thermoelasticity for solids with double porosity is considered. The fundamental solutions for the systems of steady vibrations (including quasi-static case) and equilibrium equations are constructed by means of elementary functions; the basic properties of such solutions are also established.     

Lipid oxidation promotes acrylamide formation in fat-rich model systems

Lipid oxidation is one of the major chemical reactions occurring during food processing or storage and may have a strong impact on the final quality of foods. A significant role of carbonyl compounds derived from lipid oxidation in acrylamide formation has been recently proposed. In this work, the effect of lipid oxidation level on acrylamide formation was investigated by thermal treatment of differently formulated fat-rich model systems. Results showed that lipid oxidation positively influenced the formation of acrylamide. The effect was more evident in sugar-free system where lipid become the main sources of carbonyls. Catechins reduced acrylamide formation presumably by trapping carbohydrates and/or preventing lipid oxidation. More acrylamide was formed in model systems composed with sunflower oil than in those containing palm oil which is less susceptible to oxidation.In systems containing higher amount of water, acrylamide formation was delayed due to evaporative cooling. In these systems, the effect of catechin was more pronounced and the effect of lipid oxidation became detectable only after a prolonged reaction time.These findings suggested that lipid oxidation could become a relevant factor for acrylamide formation, particularly for dry foods with low carbohydrate content.     

Optically Inspired Nanomagnonics with Nonreciprocal Spin Waves in Synthetic Antiferromagnets

Integrated optically inspired wave-based processing is envisioned to outperform digital architectures in specific tasks, such as image processing and speech recognition. In this view, spin waves represent a promising route due to their nanoscale wavelength in the gigahertz frequency range and rich phenomenology. Here, a versatile, optically inspired platform using spin waves is realized, demonstrating the wavefront engineering, focusing, and robust interference of spin waves with nanoscale wavelength. In particular, magnonic nanoantennas based on tailored spin textures are used for launching spatially shaped coherent wavefronts, diffraction-limited spin-wave beams, and generating robust multi-beam interference patterns, which spatially extend for several times the spin-wave wavelength. Furthermore, it is shown that intriguing features, such as resilience to back reflection, naturally arise from the spin-wave nonreciprocity in synthetic antiferromagnets, preserving the high quality of the interference patterns from spurious counterpropagating modes. This work represents a fundamental step toward the realization of nanoscale optically inspired devices based on spin waves.     

High-resolution multi-bit second-order incremental converter with 1.5-μV residual offset and 94-dB SFDR

This paper describes an incremental converter based on a second order ???? modulator. The scheme uses a 3-bit DAC with inherent linearity, an optimal reset of integrators, and gives rise to an effective offset cancellation with a novel technique based on single or double chopping. The circuit, fabricated in a mixed 0.18-0.6???m CMOS technology, obtains 1.5-??V residual offset with 2V_PP fully differential range. The measured resolution is 19 bit obtained with 512 clock periods.     

Numerical optimization of heat recovery steam cycles: Mathematical model, two-stage algorithm and applications

Most of the advanced integrated energy systems need a heat recovery steam cycle (HRSC), either fired or unfired, that recovers the waste heat from gas turbines and process units in order to generate electric power and supply mechanical power to compressors, heat to endothermic processes, and steam to external users. The key feature of such HRSCs is the integration between the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and the external heat exchangers. This paper presents a rigorous mathematical programming model, a linear approximation, and a two-stage algorithm for optimizing the design of integrated HRSGs and HRSCs, simultaneously considering the HRSG together with the heat recovery steam network and the intensive steam cycle variables. A detailed application of the methodology is described for an integrated gasification combined cycle plant with CO₂ capture and results for other interesting plants are reported. A significant efficiency gain is obtained with respect to usual practice designs.     

Upgrading biomass wastes in chemical technology. Humic acid‐like matter isolated from compost as chemical auxiliary for textile dyeing

BACKGROUND: In the context of the modern concern regarding rapid consumption and low availability of fossil sources of energy and chemicals, urban and agro‐industrial sources of chemicals represent interesting environmentally friendly alternatives. A recent paper has shown that a humic acid‐like material extracted from urban and green wastes compost exhibits very good surfactant properties. A large number of technological applications could possibly use this material as a chemical auxiliary. This paper reports on the performance of the material as a chemical auxiliary in textile dyeing. RESULTS: The compost‐isolated humic acid‐like bio‐surfactant is shown to perform in nylon 6 microfiber dyeing by water soluble and insoluble dyes as well as and more conveniently than commercial sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). With both types of dye the bio‐surfactant allows the same quality of dyed product as the synthetic surfactants do, but at lower additive concentration. From process cost and environmental impact points of view, the bio‐surfactant has the advantages of operating at much lower additive concentrations and should be available at significantly lower cost than the synthetic surfactants. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that biomass wastes may be a low cost renewable source of chemicals with friendly environmental impact. Such a perspective implies economic and environmental benefits deriving from a new waste management technology that considers biomass waste as a source of chemicals, and from lower oil consumption in the manufacture of synthetic surfactants. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

A LoRa-based protocol for connecting IoT edge computing nodes to provide small-data-based services

Data is becoming increasingly personal. Individuals regularly interact with a variety of structured data, ranging from SQLite databases on the phone to personal sensors and open government data. The “digital traces left by individuals through these interactions” are sometimes referred to as “small data”. Examples of “small data” include driving records, biometric measurements, search histories, weather forecasts and usage alerts. In this paper, we present a flexible protocol called LoRaCTP, which is based on LoRa technology that allows data “chunks” to be transferred over large distances with very low energy expenditure. LoRaCTP provides all the mechanisms necessary to make LoRa transfer reliable by introducing a lightweight connection setup and allowing the ideal sending of an as-long-as necessary data message. We designed this protocol as communication support for small-data edge-based IoT solutions, given its stability, low power usage, and the possibility to cover long distances. We evaluated our protocol using various data content sizes and communication distances to demonstrate its performance and reliability.     

A Temperature-Driven,Reversible, Helical-Handedness Inversion in Peptaibol Analogues Tuned by the C-Terminal Capping Moiety

Trichogin is a natural peptide endowed with antimicrobial and antitumor activity. A member of the peptaibol family, trichogin possesses a C-terminal amino alcohol. In the past, this moiety was substituted for a methyl ester for synthetic purposes and it was observed that this apparently slight modification caused significant changes in the peptide bioactivity. With the aim of understanding the reasons behind such observations, a detailed spectroscopic study on a number of trichogin analogues has been performed. Herein, data obtained from synchrotron radiation circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy in organic solvents at cryogenic temperatures are compared with those independently acquired by means of EPR spectroscopy at 80 K. It is unambiguously revealed that the presence of a reversible, temperature-driven, screw-sense interconversion from a right- to left-handed helix is determined by the C-terminal capping moiety. Data demonstrate, for the first time, the key role of a C-terminal methyl ester in promoting peptide screw-sense inversion.