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91.
Educational data mining (EDM) is a research area where the goal is to develop data mining methods to examine data critically from educational environments. Traditionally, EDM has addressed the following problems: clustering, classification, regression, anomaly detection and association rule mining. In this paper, the ordinal regression (OR) paradigm, is introduced in the field of EDM. The goal of OR problems is the classification of items in an ordinal scale. For instance, the prediction of students' performance in categories (where the different grades could be ordered according to A ? B ? C ? D) is a classical example of an OR problem. The EDM community has not yet explored this paradigm (despite the importance of these problems in the field of EDM). Furthermore, an amenable and interpretable OR model based on the concept of gravitation is proposed. The model is an extension of a recently proposed gravitational model that tackles imbalanced nominal classification problems. The model is carefully adapted to the ordinal scenario and validated with four EDM datasets. The results obtained were compared with state‐of‐the‐art OR algorithms and nominal classification ones. The proposed models can be used to better understand the learning–teaching process in higher education environments. 相似文献
92.
Gabriela García‐Ayala José Luis González‐Velarde Roger Z. Ríos‐Mercado Elena Fernández 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2016,23(3):433-458
The problem of district design for the implementation of arc routing activities is addressed. The aim is to partition a road network into a given number of sectors to facilitate the organization of the operations to be implemented within the region. This problem arises in numerous applications such as postal delivery, meter readings, winter gritting, road maintenance, and municipal solid waste collection. An integer linear programming model is proposed where a novel set of node parity constraints to favor Eulerian districts is introduced. Series of instances were solved to assess the impact of these parity constraints on the objective function and deadhead distance. Networks with up to 401 nodes and 764 edges were successfully solved. The model is useful at a tactical level as it can be used to promote workload balance, compactness, deadhead distance reduction and parity in districts. 相似文献
93.
Luis Alvarez‐Icaza Oscar Rosas‐Jaimes María Elena Lárraga 《Asian journal of control》2017,19(2):494-509
A framework for stability analysis of local on‐ramp metering control strategies based on the cell transmission model is presented. Within this framework, it is possible to formulate Lyapunov and input‐state stability results for on‐ramp metering control strategies in an open section of highway with on‐ramps. Using this analysis, recommendations for the design of on‐ramp metering control laws set points are derived. Two examples on the use of such analysis are presented. One deals with the stability analysis of a local on‐ramp metering control law and the other with the design of a disturbance observer that, used in combination with the local on‐ramp metering control law, provides a more robust response to traffic regulation. Simulation results are included that confirm the possibility of using this framework to test the impact of local on‐ramp metering control strategies. 相似文献
94.
Reliability and time‐to‐failure bounds for discrete‐time constrained Markov jump linear systems
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This paper presents a methodology to obtain a guaranteed‐reliability controller for constrained linear systems, which switch between different modes according to a Markov chain (Markov jump linear systems). Inside the classical maximal robust controllable set, there is 100% guarantee of never violating constraints at future time. However, outside such set, some sequences might make hitting constraints unavoidable for some disturbance realisations. A guaranteed‐reliability controller based on a greedy heuristic approach was proposed in an earlier work for disturbance‐free, robustly stabilisable Markov jump linear systems. Here, extensions are presented by, first, considering bounded disturbances and, second, presenting an iterative algorithm based on dynamic programming. In non‐stabilisable systems, reliability is zero; therefore, prior results cannot be applied; in this case, optimisation of a mean‐time‐to‐failure bound is proposed, via minor algorithm modifications. Optimality can be proved in the disturbance‐free, finitely generated case. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
95.
Sergio Martin Gabriel Diaz Inmaculada Plaza Elena Ruiz Manuel Castro Juan PeireAuthor vitae 《Journal of Systems and Software》2011,84(11):1883-1891
The emergence of mobile and ubiquitous technologies as important tools to complement formal learning has been accompanied by a growing interest in their educational benefits and applications. Mobile devices can be used to promote learning anywhere and anytime, to foster social learning and knowledge sharing, or to visualize augmented reality applications for learning purposes. However, the development of these applications is difficult for many researchers because it requires understanding many different protocols; dealing with distributed schemas, processes, platforms, and services; learning new programming languages; and interacting with different hardware sensors and drivers. For that reason, the use of frameworks and middleware that encapsulate part of this complexity appears to be fundamental to the further development of mobile learning projects. This study analyzes the state of the art of frameworks and middleware devoted to simplifying the development of mobile and ubiquitous learning applications. The results can be useful to many researchers involved in the development of projects using these technologies by providing an overview of the features implemented in each of these frameworks. 相似文献
96.
Elena De Santis 《Systems & Control Letters》2011,60(10):807-814
The focus of this paper is on the analysis of initial discrete state distinguishability notions for switching systems, in a discrete time setting. Moreover, the relationship between initial discrete state distinguishability and the problem of reconstructing the current discrete state is addressed. 相似文献
97.
Following recent interest in the study of computer science problems in a game theoretic setting, we consider the well known
bin packing problem where the items are controlled by selfish agents. Each agent is charged with a cost according to the fraction
of the used bin space its item requires. That is, the cost of the bin is split among the agents, proportionally to their sizes.
Thus, the selfish agents prefer their items to be packed in a bin that is as full as possible. The social goal is to minimize
the number of the bins used. The social cost in this case is therefore the number of bins used in the packing. 相似文献
98.
Marko Hassinen Konstantin Hyppnen Elena Trichina 《Electronic Commerce Research and Applications》2008,7(2):214-231
Payments are the locomotive behind any business domain. It has been predicted that mobile payments will become one of the most successful mobile services, and the security of payments is an important requirement. However, it is difficult to strongly authenticate mobile users remotely and provide an adequate level of non-repudiation of transactions. In this article, we argue that a nationwide public-key infrastructure supported by governmental bodies can be used in a mobile payment system. Not only does it provide strong security, but it also makes the system open to any mobile user, merchant, or financial service provider. Two payment protocols are described: one for virtual point-of-sale payments, and one for vending machine payments. We argue that such a system can be implemented using open development platforms, and its performance is adequate for enabling swift transactions. A prototype of a system which accepts virtual point-of-sale payments is implemented, and its performance and usability are evaluated. 相似文献
99.
Multimodal support to group dynamics 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Fabio Pianesi Massimo Zancanaro Elena Not Chiara Leonardi Vera Falcon Bruno Lepri 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2008,12(3):181-195
The complexity of group dynamics occurring in small group interactions often hinders the performance of teams. The availability
of rich multimodal information about what is going on during the meeting makes it possible to explore the possibility of providing
support to dysfunctional teams from facilitation to training sessions addressing both the individuals and the group as a whole.
A necessary step in this direction is that of capturing and understanding group dynamics. In this paper, we discuss a particular
scenario, in which meeting participants receive multimedia feedback on their relational behaviour, as a first step towards
increasing self-awareness. We describe the background and the motivation for a coding scheme for annotating meeting recordings
partially inspired by the Bales’ Interaction Process Analysis. This coding scheme was aimed at identifying suitable observable
behavioural sequences. The study is complemented with an experimental investigation on the acceptability of such a service.
相似文献
Fabio Pianesi (Corresponding author)Email: |
Massimo ZancanaroEmail: |
Elena NotEmail: |
Chiara LeonardiEmail: |
Vera FalconEmail: |
Bruno LepriEmail: |
100.
Malatesta M Frigato E Baldelli B Battistelli S Foà A Bertolucci C 《Microscopy research and technique》2007,70(7):578-584
Reptiles represent an interesting animal model to investigate the influence of temperature on molecular circadian clocks. The ruin lizard Podarcis sicula lives in a continental climate and it is subjected to wide range of environmental temperatures during the course of the year. As consequence, ruin lizard daily activity pattern includes either the hibernation or periods of inactivity determined by hypothermia. Here we showed the rhythmic expression of two clock genes, lPer2 and lClock, in the liver of active lizards exposed to summer photo-thermoperiodic conditions. Interestingly, the exposition of lizards to hypothermic conditions, typical of winter season, induced a strong dampening of clock genes mRNA rhythmicity with a coincident decrease of levels. We also examined the qualitative and quantitative distribution of lPER2 and lCLOCK protein in different cellular compartments during the 24-h cycle. In the liver of active lizards both proteins showed a rhythmic expression profile in all cellular compartments. After 3 days at 6 degrees C, some temporal fluctuations of the lCLOCK and lPER2 are still detectable, although, with some marked modifications in respect to the values detected in the liver of active lizards. Besides demonstrating the influence of low temperature on the lizard liver circadian oscillators, present results could provide new essential information for comparative studies on the influence of temperature on the circadian system across vertebrate classes. 相似文献