Effect of Drying Methods on Dyeing Capacity of Dyestuff Plant Materials

This article presents a study of the effect of drying methods on dyeing capacity of widespread European flora dyestuff plant materials. The natural colorants, derived from the selected plant materials, were applied on chemical pulp in order to examine their dyeability. In this work, three different drying methods were examined—the natural, the air-, and the freeze-drying method—in various conditions. The plant materials that were dried naturally show weak dyeing results in comparison with the air- and freeze-dried materials. Freeze drying significantly improved the dyeing capacity of dyestuff plant materials with high initial moisture content. On the other hand, air drying at low temperature and high relative humidity improved the dyeing capacity of plant materials with low initial moisture content.     

Antifungal activity of five different essential oils in vapour phase for the control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Lasiodiplodia theobromae in vitro and on mango

Mango fruit has high commercial value; however, major postharvest losses are encountered throughout the supply chain due to postharvest diseases. These results lead to the search for natural fungicide for postharvest diseases control. The antifungal effects of five essential oils (thyme, clove, cinnamon, anise and vitex) were assessed by disc volatilisation method. Thyme oil vapours at 5 μL per Petriplate, and clove and cinnamon oil at 8 μL per Petriplate showed 100% growth inhibition of mango pathogens in vitro. GC/MS analysis of essential oil showed thymol (23.88), o‐cymol (23.88) and terpinolene (23.88) as the major constituents of thyme oil. Clove and cinnamon oils contain 3‐allyl‐2‐methoxyphenol (37.42%) and benzofuran 3‐methyl (17.97%), respectively. Thyme oil as a fumigant at 66.7 μL L^?1 showed a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition on postharvest pathogens of mango fruits stored at 25 °C for 6 days. Results of our study suggest the possibility of using thyme oil as an alternate natural fungicide to manage postharvest diseases in mango.     

Perspective model-based visual tracking scheme for robust tracking of objects in complex environs

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Robust tracking of moving objects is still an open problem in computer vision. The problem and its difficulty depend on many factors, which includes the...     

Investigation of the sky optical conditions over selected stations in the major vegetation zones of Nigeria

Data-set of monthly global solar irradiance covering periods of at least 20 years over selected stations in Nigeria have been utilised to investigate the sky optical conditions over the five major vegetation zones of the country. The monthly variation of the clearness index for the selected stations has been investigated. Results show that the clearness index has its minimum in August which indicates reduced insolation during the monsoon month of August and maximum around November, December and February which shows high insolation. Statistical analysis of the monthly clearness index which gives the percentage depletion by the sky of the incoming insolation and the subsequent characterisation of the sky conditions based on this were also done. The results show that cloudy sky conditions prevail in the rainforest and mangrove swamp zones (e.g. Lagos, K_T=0.40) while clear sky conditions prevail in the Sudan and Sahel vegetation (e.g. Nguru K_T=0.66) and Kano (K_T=0.65).     

Modelling concentration gradients in fed-batch cultivations of E. coli – towards the flexible design of scale-down experiments

The cover image is based on the Research Article Modelling concentration gradients in fed-batch cultivations of E. coli - towards the flexible design of scale-down experiments by Emmanuel Anane et al., DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5798 .

     

About the gauge conditions arising in Finite Element magnetostatic problems

In this paper, we deal with some magnetostatic models considered in vector potential formulations and solved by a Finite Element solver. In order to ensure the uniqueness of the solution, a gauge condition has to be imposed, and several possibilities occur. Moreover, the source term has to be correctly defined to ensure a physically admissible solution. We show the equivalence between some of these choices for several kinds of boundary conditions. Moreover, we highlight their characteristic behaviors on some numerical benchmarks to illustrate our theoretical results.     

Verification of ISS,iISS and IOSS properties applying weighted homogeneity

Several conditions are proposed to check different robustness properties (ISS, iISS, IOSS and OSS) for generic nonlinear systems applying the weighted homogeneity concept (global or local). The advantages of this result are that, under some mild conditions, the system robustness can be established as a function of the degree of homogeneity.     

Laboratory criteria of crack resistance of high-strength steels for gas main pipelines

Low-carbon ferrite-bainite pipe steels of the K65 (Kh80) strength grade produced by two manufacturing companies have been studied using different mechanical tests and fractographic analysis of fractured surfaces. The results demonstrate that the energy capacity a (a _c) and the true relative reduction at fracture φ_f upon tensile tests, as well as the level of KCV ⁻⁴⁰ ≥ 250 J/cm² and the relative width of the zone of homogeneous ductile fracture L _C/B at the fracture surface of Charpy samples upon impact bending tests, can be used as the laboratory criteria of crack resistance.