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排序方式: 共有1914条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
91.
The 12-month pre-Ph.D. ICTP Diploma Courses in the fields of Condensed Matter Physics, High Energy Physics, Mathematics, Earth System Physics and Basics Physics have been recorded using the automated, low cost recording system called EyA developed in-house. We discuss the technical details on how these recordings were implemented, together with some web usage statistics and students feedback. As yet, no similar endeavor has been made to put on-line a complete high-level Diploma Programme, due to the high costs involved when using alternative recording solutions. These recordings are freely available on the website www.ictp.tv. 相似文献
92.
Combined effects of lactic acid and nisin solution in reducing levels of microbiological contamination in red meat carcasses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Changes in bacterial counts on beef carcasses at specific points during slaughter and fabrication were determined, and the effectiveness of nisin, lactic acid, and a combination of the lactic acid and nisin in reducing levels of microbiological contamination was assessed. Swab samples were obtained from the surfaces of randomly selected beef carcasses. Carcasses were swabbed from the neck, brisket, and renal site after skinning, splitting, and washing. Treatments involving lactic acid (1.5%), nisin (500 IU/ml), or a mixture of nisin and lactic acid were applied after the neck area was washed. A control group was not sprayed. Results indicated that the highest prevalence of aerobic plate counts (APCs), total coliforms, and Escherichia coli was found in the neck site after splitting, and the lowest level of microbial contamination was found after skinning. Washing with water did not significantly reduce the bacterial load. The largest reduction in APCs, total coliforms, and E. coli occurred on carcasses treated with a mixture of nisin and lactic acid. A mixture of nisin and lactic acid can be applied to beef carcasses through spray washing and can reduce bacterial populations by 2 log units. 相似文献
93.
A general equivalent circuit for the modeling of a system of magnetically coupled coils including the losses is presented.
This equivalent circuit includes two parts: a subsystem of primary branches whose terminals correspond with those of the real
coils, and a secondary network which allows the representation of frequency-dependent inductances and resistances. An analysis
of the equations of the proposed circuit is carried out and an expression of the frequency-dependent impedance matrix as seen
by the primary coils is determined. The properties of the mathematical expression are analyzed. The proposed equivalent circuit
allows representing the dependence of inductances and resistances on the frequency. The expression of the impedance is the
starting point for the synthesis of an equivalent circuit, which is carried out in a separate article.
Received: 25 May 2001/Accepted: 25 June 2001 相似文献
94.
Manoj Gupta Farghalli Mohamed Enrique Lavernia 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1992,23(3):845-850
In the present study, the mechanisms governing the evolution of microstructure during spray atomization and codeposition of
metal matrix composites (MMCs) were investigated, with particular emphasis on the effects of the ceramic phase on the resulting
microstructure during solidstate cooling. The grain size refinement that is commonly observed when a distribution of ceramic
particulates is coinjected into a metallic spray during spray atomization and deposition processing was rationalized in terms
of three distinct effects: (a) solidification effects, (b) heattransfer effects, and (c) solid-state cooling effects. The
solidification and heat-transfer effects were discussed in Part I. [1] Regarding solid-state cooling effects, the present
results show that the presence of a dispersion of ceramic particulates in the aluminum matrix effectively reduces the rate
of grain growth during solid-state cooling. Experimental support to this suggestion was provided by the results of an investigation
on the changes in grain size following isochronal thermal anneals. 相似文献
95.
Supply Estimation Using Coevolutionary Genetic Algorithms in the Spanish Electrical Market 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The price of electrical energy in Spain has not been regulated by the government since 1998, but determined by the supply from the generators in a competitive market, the so-called electrical pool. A genetic method for analyzing data from this new market is presented in this paper. The eventual objective is to determine the individual supply curves of the competitive agents. Adopting the point of view of the game theory, different genetic algorithm configurations using coevolutionary and non-coevolutionary strategies combined with scalar and multi-objective fitness are compared. The results obtained are the first step toward solving the induction of the optimal individual strategies into the Spanish electrical market from data in terms of perfect oligopolistic behavior. 相似文献
96.
The analogy between free-space propagation of optical beams and light-pulse reflection from linearly chirped fiber gratings is used to analyze the Lau effect in the temporal domain. The coherence conditions that are satisfied in the spatial domain for obtaining, at certain fixed locations, periodic fringes patterns are reformulated for guided light propagation. In this analogy, spatial periodic irradiance distributions are transformed in periodic sequences of light pulses. An optical setup is proposed to produce sharp pulse trains, with minimal distortion effects, that have repetition frequencies that are different from those associated with the input periodic optical signal. Some numerical results are given to illustrate this approach. 相似文献
97.
Ezequiel?López-RubioEmail author José?Mu?oz-Pérez José Antonio?Gómez-Ruiz Enrique?Domínguez-Merino 《Neural computing & applications》2003,12(2):109-118
The ASSOM is a self-organising neural network with the capability of adapting to linear subspaces. Here we propose two new methods to train the ASSOM network. A nonlinear system of equations is derived for network training. This system can be solved by a gradient-based approach or by the Levenberg–Marquardt method. Each of these two approaches gives a different learning rule. A comparison is carried out among the original Kohonens method and the proposed learning rules. Experimental results are reported, including a convergence speed experiment and a speech processing application, which show that the new learning rules have better performance than the original one. 相似文献
98.
AC-coupled front-end for biopotential measurements 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Spinelli EM Pallàs-Areny R Mayosky MA 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2003,50(3):391-395
AC coupling is essential in biopotential measurements. Electrode offset potentials can be several orders of magnitude larger than the amplitudes of the biological signals of interest, thus limiting the admissible gain of a dc-coupled front end to prevent amplifier saturation. A high-gain input stage needs ac input coupling. This can be achieved by series capacitors, but in order to provide a bias path, grounded resistors are usually included, which degrade the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR). This paper proposes a novel balanced input ac-coupling network that provides a bias path without any connection to ground, thus resulting in a high CMRR. The circuit being passive, it does not limit the differential dc input voltage. Furthermore, differential signals are ac coupled, whereas common-mode voltages are dc coupled, thus allowing the closed-loop control of the dc common mode voltage by means of a driven-right-leg circuit. This makes the circuit compatible with common-mode dc shifting strategies intended for single-supply biopotential amplifiers. The proposed circuit allows the implementation of high-gain biopotential amplifiers with a reduced number of parts, thus resulting in low power consumption. An electrocardiogram amplifier built according to the proposed design achieves a CMRR of 123 dB at 50 Hz. 相似文献
99.
The easy detection of biomolecular interactions in complex mixtures using a minimum amount of material is of prime interest in molecular and cellular biology research. In this work, a mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF based approach, which we call intensity-fading (IF MALDI-TOFMS), and which was designed for just such a purpose, is reported. This methodology is based on the use of the MALDI ion intensities to detect quickly the formation of complexes between nonimmobilized biomolecules in which a protein is one of the partners (protein-protein, protein-peptide, protein-organic molecule, and protein-nucleic acid complexes). The complex is detected through the decrease (fading) of the molecular ion intensities of the partners as directly compared to the MALDI mass spectrum of the mixture (problem and control molecules) following the addition of the target molecule. The potential of the approach is examined in several examples of model interactions, mainly involving small nonprotein and protein inhibitors of proteases, at both the qualitative and semiquantitative levels. Using this method, different protein ligands of proteolytic enzymes in total extracts of invertebrate organisms have been identified in a simple way. The proposed procedure should be easily applied to the high-throughput screening of biomolecules, opening a new experimental strategy in functional proteomics. 相似文献
100.
Escaja N Gómez-Pinto I Rico M Pedroso E González C 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2003,4(7):623-632
The structures and stabilities of cyclic DNA octamers of different sequences have been studied by NMR and CD spectroscopy and by restrained molecular dynamics. At low oligonucleotide concentrations, some of these molecules form stable monomeric structures consisting of a short stem of two base pairs connected by two mini-loops of two residues. To our knowledge, these dumbbell-like structures are the smallest observed to date. The relative stabilities of these cyclic dumbbells have been established by studying their melting transitions. Dumbbells made up purely of GC stems are more stable than those consisting purely of AT base pairs. The order of the base pairs closing the loops also has an important effect on the stabilities of these structures. The NMR data indicate that there are significant differences between the solution structures of dumbbells with G-C base pairs in the stem compared to those with A-T base pairs. In the case of dumbbells with G-C base pairs, the residues in the stem form a short segment of a BDNA helix stabilized by two Watson-Crick base pairs. In contrast, in the case of d, the stem is formed by two A-T base pairs with the glycosidic angles of the adenine bases in a syn conformation, most probably forming Hoogsteen base pairs. Although the conformations of the loop residues are not very well defined, the thymine residues at the first position of the loop are observed to fold back into the minor groove of the stem. 相似文献