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排序方式: 共有542条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
David Pham Joseph H. Dycus James M. LeBeau Venkateswara R. Manga Krishna Muralidharan Erica L. Corral 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(2):757-767
Carbon was used to reduce oxides in spark plasma sintered ZrB2 ultra-high temperature ceramics. A thermodynamic model was used to evaluate the reducing reactions to remove B2O3 and ZrO2 from the powder. Powder oxygen content was measured and carbon additions of 0.5 and 0.75 wt% were used. A C–ZrO2 pseudo binary diagram, ZrO2–B2O3–C pseudo ternaries, and Zr–C–O potential phase diagrams were generated to show how the reactions can be related to an open system experiment in the tube furnace. Scanning transmission electron microscopy identified impurity phases composed of amorphous Zr–B–O with lamellar BN and a Zr–C–O ternary model was calculated under SPS sintering conditions at 1900°C and 6 Pa to understand how oxides can be retained in the microstructure. 相似文献
72.
Erica R. BaümlerAmalia A. Carelli Guillermo H. CrapisteMaría E. Carrín 《Journal of food engineering》2011,107(2):186-194
A two-dimensional transitory mathematical model developed in a previous paper is expanded and applied to represent the extraction process of oil and its minor compounds (phospholipids, tocopherols and waxes) in a De Smet industrial extractor. Diffusivities and equilibrium parameters are obtained from experimental batch extractions. The mathematical model is solved numerically to predict the concentration of oil and minor compounds in miscella and collets in the different sections of the extractor. The concentration of phospholipids and crystallized waxes in the solid decreases slowly, being sharper at the end of the process. Tocopherols and triacylglycerols are extracted more quickly at 60 °C. Numerical simulations of the extraction process reveal that it would be possible to obtain oil with smaller concentrations of phospholipids and waxes, working at 60 °C and using fewer stages. Since the last stages do not produce a significant increment of the oil yield at 60 °C, the model results show that the extractor is over dimensioned. 相似文献
73.
Eduardo H. Diniz Erica S. Siqueira Eric van Heck 《Information Technology for Development》2019,25(1):69-91
ABSTRACTCommunity currencies are used to pay for products or services within specific groups defined by geographical boundaries or specific common interests. Financial crises, social emergence in developing countries, and increased access to digital devices have stimulated a growing number of communities worldwide to develop digital currency projects. These projects use technologies ranging from traditional plastic cards to mobile phones and blockchain technologies. Following the design science research approach, this paper analyzes digital community currencies (DCCs) by developing a taxonomy based on platform architecture, governance, transactionality and virtuality. By investigating 22 DCC platforms around the world, 4 groups were distinguished: local, proprietary, commons and cyber. The identification of these four different groups of digital community currencies allows us to better discuss the potentials and limitations of each one of them. The presented taxonomy can be useful to researchers and practitioners both to explain and to design DCC platforms. Discussing each of the emerging categories from the proposed taxonomy helps us to provide insights into DCCs, offering a new theoretical frame for investigating the particular case of digital payment platforms. 相似文献
74.
Justin D. Chaffin Sachidananda Mishra Douglas D. Kane Darren L. Bade Keara Stanislawczyk Kristen N. Slodysko Kevin W. Jones Eric M. Parker Erica L. Fox 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2019,45(2):277-289
Lake Erie western basin (WB) cyanobacterial blooms are a yearly summer occurrence; however, blooms have also been reported in the offshore waters of the central basin (CB), and very little is known about what drives these blooms or their potential for cyanobacterial toxins. Cyanobacteria Index was quantified using MODIS and MERIS data for the CB between 2003 and 2017, and water samples were collected between 2013 and 2017. The goals were to 1) quantify cyanobacteria, 2) determine environmental drivers of CB blooms, and 3) determine the potential for cyanobacterial toxins in the CB. Dolichospermum (Anabaena) occurred in the CB during July before the onset of the WB bloom, and then in August and September, the cyanobacteria community shifted towards Microcystis. The largest Dolichospermum blooms (2003, 2012, 2013, and 2015) were associated with reduced water clarity (Secchi disk depth?<?4?m), whereas large CB Microcystis blooms (2011 and 2015) were associated with large WB blooms. Dolichospermum blooms occurred in high nitrate concentrations (>20?μmol/L) and high nitrogen-to?phosphorus ratios (>100), which indicate nutrient concentrations or ratios did not select for Dolichospermum. Additionally, the sxtA gene, but not mcyE or microcystins, were detected in the CB during July 2016 and 2017. The mcyE gene and microcystins were detected in the CB during August 2016 and 2017. The results indicate the CB's potential for cyanotoxins shifts from saxitoxins to microcystins throughout the summer. Continued monitoring of cyanobacteria and multiple cyanobacterial toxins is recommended to ensure safe drinking water for CB coastal communities. 相似文献
75.
76.
Quinone‐Fused Pyrazoles through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions: Synthesis of Tricyclic Scaffolds and in vitro Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation on Glioblastoma Cancer Cells 下载免费PDF全文
Giulio Bertuzzi Simone Crotti Pierpaolo Calandro Bianca Flavia Bonini Ilaria Monaco Erica Locatelli Mariafrancesca Fochi Paolo Zani Elena Strocchi Prof. Andrea Mazzanti Dr. Mario Chiariello Prof. Mauro Comes Franchini 《ChemMedChem》2018,13(17):1744-1750
A novel and straightforward synthesis of highly substituted isoquinoline‐5,8‐dione fused tricyclic pyrazoles is reported. The key step of the synthetic sequence is a regioselective, Ag2CO3 promoted, 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of C‐heteroaryl‐N‐aryl nitrilimines and substituted isoquinoline‐5,8‐diones. The broad functional group tolerability and mild reaction conditions were found to be suitable for the preparation of a small library of compounds. These scaffolds were designed to interact with multiple biological residues, and two of them, after brief synthetic elaborations, were analyzed by molecular docking studies as potential anticancer drugs. In vitro studies confirmed the potent anticancer effects, showing promising IC50 values as low as 2.5 μm against three different glioblastoma cell lines. Their cytotoxic activity was finally positively correlated to their ability to inhibit PI3K/mTOR kinases, which are responsible for the regulation of diverse cellular processes in human cancer cells. 相似文献
77.
We report on a hybrid chemical sensor that can perform either amperometric or conductometric detection alone or simultaneously. It consists of an array of electrode pairs in which the two electrodes in each pair are separated with micrometer to nanometer-scale gaps. The gaps are bridged with conducting polymer (polyaniline) so that one can measure the conductance of the polymer bridge like a conventional Chem-FET. The electrode geometries are designed to allow simultaneously detection of electrochemical current like a conventional microelectrode amperometric sensor. The hybrid device provides increased selectivity for detection of analytes in complex matrixes and may provide new insights into the electrochemical reaction mechanisms of analytes. As an example, we have demonstrated the detection of dilute neurotransmitter (dopamine) in the presence of its concentrated major physiological interferent, ascorbic acid, which is not possible using either the amperometric or the conductometric techniques alone. 相似文献
78.
Teixeira EC Piascik JR Stoner BR Thompson JY 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》2007,18(6):1219-1224
Fracture strength and fatigue parameters of three ceramic materials submitted to dynamic fatigue were evaluated. A machinable
leucite-reinforced dental ceramic, aluminum oxide, and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were tested. The inert strength of
the materials was determined in air (25 °C) at stressing rates of 70, 250, 400 MPa/s for Porcelain, Alumina and YSZ respectively.
The data was analyzed using a two-parameter Weibull distribution. The Weibull modulus (m) and the characteristic of fracture (σ
0) parameters were determined for each material. Specimens were also tested in 3-point bending at different stressing rates
in distilled/deionized water at 37 °C (dynamic fatigue) in order to calculate the fatigue parameters n and ln B. The strength for each material was characterized using Strength–Probability–Time (SPT) diagrams for 1 day, 1 year and 10 years.
YSZ showed a high-fracture strength σ
0 (1,459 MPa) at a failure probability of 63.2% and high resistance to subcritical crack growth. YSZ and alumina showed better
resistance to slow crack growth than porcelain, indicating less susceptibility to strength degradation by stress corrosion.
Lifetime predictions after 10 years indicate a reduction of 50%, 36% and 29% in strength for porcelain, alumina and YSZ respectively.
YSZ seems to be a very promising material for long-term dental and biomedical applications. 相似文献
79.
Rufus Vinod Randa Mahran Erica Routila Janne Leivo Kim Pettersson Kamlesh Gidwani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(19)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are found in all biological fluids, providing potential for the identification of disease biomarkers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). EVs are heavily glycosylated with specific glycoconjugates such as tetraspanins, integrins, and mucins, reflecting the characteristics of the original cell offering valuable targets for detection of CRC. We report here on europium-nanoparticle (EuNP)-based assay to detect and characterize different surface glycoconjugates of EVs without extensive purification steps from five different CRC and the HEK 293 cell lines. The promising EVs candidates from cell culture were clinically evaluated on small panel of serum samples including early-stage (n = 11) and late-stage (n = 11) CRC patients, benign condition (n = 11), and healthy control (n = 10). The majority of CRC cell lines expressed tetraspanin sub-population and glycovariants of integrins and conventional tumor markers. The subpopulation of CD151 having CD63 expression (CD151CD63) was significantly (p = 0.001) elevated in early-stage CRC (8 out of 11) without detecting any benign and late-stage samples, while conventional CEA detected mostly late-stage CRC (p = 0.045) and with only four early-stage cases. The other glycovariant assays such as CEACon-A, CA125WGA, CA 19.9Ma696, and CA 19.9Con-A further provided some complementation to the CD151CD63 assay. These results indicate the potential application of CD151CD63 assay for early detection of CRC patients in human serum. 相似文献
80.
Francesco Dituri Serena Mancarella Grazia Serino Nada Chaoul Luigi Giovanni Lupo Erica Villa Isabel Fabregat Gianluigi Giannelli 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(21)
The balance between anti-tumor and tumor-promoting immune cells, such as CD4+ Th1 and regulatory T cells (Tregs), respectively, is assumed to dictate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) markedly shapes the HCC microenvironment, regulating the activation state of multiple leukocyte subsets and driving the differentiation of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The fibrotic (desmoplastic) reaction in HCC tissue strongly depends on CAFs activity. In this study, we attempted to assess the role of TGFβ on transendothelial migration of Th1-oriented and Treg-oriented CD4+ T cells via a direct or indirect, CAF-mediated mechanisms, respectively. We found that the blockage of TGFβ receptor I-dependent signaling in Tregs resulted in impaired transendothelial migration (TEM) of these cells. Interestingly, the secretome of TGFβ-treated CAFs inhibited the TEM of Tregs but not Th1 cells, in comparison to the secretome of untreated CAFs. In addition, we found a significant inverse correlation between alpha-SMA and FoxP3 (marker of Tregs) mRNA expression in a microarray analysis involving 78 HCCs, thus suggesting that TGFβ-activated stromal cells may counteract the trafficking of Tregs into the tumor. The apparent dual behavior of TGFβ as both pro- and anti-tumorigenic cytokines may add a further level of complexity to the mechanisms that regulate the interactions among cancerous, stromal, and immune cells within HCC, as well as other solid tumors, and contribute to better manipulation of the TGFβ signaling as a therapeutic target in HCC patients. 相似文献