Particle positioning from charge-coupled device images by the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory and comparison with experiment

Three-dimensional position and velocity information can be extracted by direct analysis of the diffraction patterns of seeding particles in imaging velocimetry with real-time CCD cameras. The generalized Lorenz-Mie theory is shown to yield quantitatively accurate models of particle position, such that it can be deduced from typical experimental particle images with an accuracy of the order of 20 mum and an error of 11 gray levels rms, data obtained by comparison of theoretical and experimental images. Both the theory and an experimental verification of the problem presented here are discussed.     

Multiple multipole method with automatic multipole setting applied to the simulation of surface plasmons in metallic nanostructures.

Highly accurate computations of surface plasmons in metallic nanostructures with various geometries are presented. Calculations for cylinders with irregular cross section, coupled structures, and periodic gratings are shown. These systems exhibit a resonant behavior with complex field distribution and strong field enhancement, and therefore their computation requires a very accurate numerical method. It is shown that the multiple multipole (MMP) method, together with an automatic multipole setting (AMS) procedure, is well suited for these computations. An AMS technique for the two-dimensional MMP method is presented. It relies on the global topology of each domain boundary to generate a distribution of numerically independent multipole expansions. This technique greatly facilitates the MMP modeling.     

Relationships between different berry components in Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L) grapes from irrigated and non‐irrigated vines during ripening

The impact of water availability on Vitis vinifera L cv Tempranillo grape yields and juice composition over a 3 year period was studied. Grape juice composition during the different stages of berry growth was compared. The analytical data collected were used to investigate the relationships between some of the different components studied in these berries during the ripening period. The object was to determine whether the relationships could be used to derive mathematical equations for use as indicators of the changes taking place in the different parameters considered and thus of the optimum time for harvesting the grapes for a given wine‐making process. Very similar equations were derived for this grape variety irrespective of the culture conditions (use or non‐use of irrigation) or the different ripening conditions employed. A high degree of correlation between some of the components considered was observed. In any case, cause‐and‐effect relationships could only be established for certain of the parameter pairs considered (total acidity/pH, pH/potassium, °Brix/glucose + fructose, total acidity/tartaric acid and malic acid). For other parameter pairs (berry weight/°Brix, °Brix/pH, °Brix/total acidity) the relationship found was attributable to accumulation and breakdown processes which took place concurrently or overlapped in time. In two cases only there was uncertainty as to whether the relationship observed between the parameters was a cause‐and‐effect relationship or whether the parameters were so closely related that they acted as mutually limiting factors (°Brix/proline, °Brix/total anthocyanins). © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Total and soluble contents of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and zinc in yoghurts

This paper examines the content of major minerals (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and zinc) and its distribution between soluble (non-sedimentable) and micellar fractions of 16 commercial yoghurts from five different branches. These elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after mineralisation by dry ashing. Total mineral contents showed wide intervals of variation (calcium 1090–2050 mg l⁻¹, magnesium 101–177 mg l⁻¹, phosphorus 878–1560 mg l⁻¹ and zinc 4.0–7.3 mg l⁻¹) due to the addition during manufacturing of different dairy products or fractions. Most of the minerals were found in the non-sedimentable fraction. Practically all calcium was measured in the supernatants of ultracentrifugation. Lower proportions of magnesium and zinc were determined in the non-sedimentable fraction (between 87 and 96%) whereas the lowest ones (63–77%) were found for phosphorus.     

Cerebral abscess as a complication of the chronic otitis

We constructed previously the expressing library of Leishmania donovani genomic DNA with lambda gt11 as vector. In this paper, 2 x 10(4) phages were plated on E. coli Y1090r-, and screened with a rabbit antiserum prepared by immunization with Leishmania donovani promastigotes. Bound antibodies were detected using alkaline phosphatase labeled anti-rabbit antibodies. A positive expressing clone was detected and transferred into E. coli Y1098r- to prepare lysate, a 39 kDa polypeptide in E. coli Y1089r-lysate was recognized by anti-Leishmania donovani serum. The result indicated that the 39 kDa polypeptide which was not fused with the major portion of beta-galactosidase existed disconnectedly. This finding remained to be further studied.     

Predictions of non-steady asymptotic crack tip fields in power law creeping materials

The applicability of accepted engineering procedures to predict the amplitude of singular crack tip fields during the transitional regime prior to steady state has been investigated. Estimates of both transient and steady state values of the C(t)-integral for simplified geometries are compared with results obtained from detailed finite element analyses. Different creep exponents and both primary (mechanical) and secondary (displacement-controlled) loadings are considered.Estimates of the steady state value C^* were obtained from Nuclear Electric's high termperature assessment procedure, R5, which is based on reference stress concepts, and from the EPRI's fully plastic solutions for J-integrals. The transient behaviour of C(t) was estimated using approximations given by Ehlers and Riedel (Advances in Fracture Research, Proc. Fifth Int. Conf. on Fracture, Vol. 2, Pergamon, New York, 1981, pp. 691–698), Saxena (Fracture Mechanics: Seventeenth Volume, ASTM STP 905, ASTM, Philadelphia, 1986, pp. 185–201), and the R5 procedure (Ainsworth et al., Fatigue Fract. Eng. Struct. 10 (1987) 115–127). In most cases, the transient estimates given by the latter two were found to conservatively predict the finite element results, although some underpredictions were encountered in the planar geometries shortly after loading. The recommended use of plane stress reference stresses with the R5 procedure, however, provides overall conservatism in the values of C(t). Ehlers and Riedel estimates, though, are generally non-conservative, except for the lowest crack-tip constraint configuration analysed (i.e. centre cracked plate).     

Diagnosis of leukemic infiltration of the prostate p6ompted by PSA elevation

Presentation of one case-report of leukaemic infiltration of the prostate. Interestingly, the biopsy was only performed after finding distinctly elevated PSA levels and not because of the clinical findings, whether exploratory or echographic.     

Characterization of corrugated waveguides by modal analysis

A general formulation for the characterization of corrugated waveguides is presented. The formulation is based on modal expansion in the different smooth-walled waveguides which constitute the corrugated structure and on the use of mode matching at discontinuities. The use of an admittance matrix formulation and a suitable root-finding algorithm leads to a rigorous and efficient technique. Dispersion curves are presented for corrugated waveguides of circular and rectangular cross-sections. Complex modes are obtained for deep corrugations. The effect of the finite thickness and width of teeth and slots on the dispersion behavior is shown