全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6298篇 |
免费 | 515篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 137篇 |
综合类 | 13篇 |
化学工业 | 1555篇 |
金属工艺 | 175篇 |
机械仪表 | 171篇 |
建筑科学 | 260篇 |
矿业工程 | 24篇 |
能源动力 | 211篇 |
轻工业 | 932篇 |
水利工程 | 52篇 |
石油天然气 | 51篇 |
武器工业 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 487篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1455篇 |
冶金工业 | 137篇 |
原子能技术 | 33篇 |
自动化技术 | 1125篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 32篇 |
2023年 | 72篇 |
2022年 | 92篇 |
2021年 | 206篇 |
2020年 | 207篇 |
2019年 | 167篇 |
2018年 | 324篇 |
2017年 | 350篇 |
2016年 | 404篇 |
2015年 | 235篇 |
2014年 | 321篇 |
2013年 | 662篇 |
2012年 | 404篇 |
2011年 | 461篇 |
2010年 | 346篇 |
2009年 | 338篇 |
2008年 | 305篇 |
2007年 | 294篇 |
2006年 | 195篇 |
2005年 | 171篇 |
2004年 | 145篇 |
2003年 | 133篇 |
2002年 | 158篇 |
2001年 | 85篇 |
2000年 | 64篇 |
1999年 | 45篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 58篇 |
1996年 | 52篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 16篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有6819条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Banu Barutça Levent Köroğlu Erhan Ayas A. Tansu Koparal 《Ceramics International》2018,44(7):8094-8099
The cytotoxicity of monticellite based bioactive ceramic powder, which was synthesized from boron derivative waste has been determined by in vitro assays of MTT, NRU, and JC-1 staining. The toxicity of powder on different mammalian cell lines (3T3-L1, HUVEC, CRL-2120) was evaluated at the concentrations of 10, 100, 200, 400 and 800?µg/mL to justify its potential for biomedical applications. The obtained results showed that monticellite based bioactive ceramic powder possesses not only bioactive feature but also biocompatible characteristic at the concentration range of 10–200?µg/mL. Hence, monticellite based bioactive ceramics have high potential as a bone graft substitute for bone void filling and coating applications. 相似文献
992.
993.
The less polar π‐surface of protein amide groups is exposed in many receptor binding sites, either as part of the backbone or in Gln/Asn side chains. Using quantum chemical calculations and Protein Data Bank (PDB) searches on model systems, we investigate the energetics and geometric preferences for the stacking on amide groups of a large number of heteroarenes that are relevant to medicinal chemistry. From this study, we discern that the stacking energy of an aromatic ligand substituent can be improved by: 1) orienting the fragment dipole vector such that it is aligned in an antiparallel fashion with the dipole of the interacting protein amide group, 2) increasing its dipole moment, and 3) decreasing its π‐electron density. These guidelines should be helpful to more rationally exploit this interaction type in future structure‐based drug design. 相似文献
994.
C. F. Assumpção I. L. Nunes T. A. Mendonça A. Jablonski S. H. Flôres A. de O. Rios 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(12):2035-2042
Samples of virgin and refined organic grape seed oil were studied for their physicochemical quality, oxidative stability, and the bioactive compounds they contained. All of the samples were within the limits established by the Codex Alimentarius with regard to their quality parameters. Lutein, zeaxanthin, β‐carotene, α‐tocopherol, and catechin were the bioactive compounds analyzed, and the virgin oil afforded more significant results. No measurable amounts of zeaxanthin and β‐carotene were observed in the refined oil, most likely due to the refining process that was carried out at high temperatures. The oxidative stability index decreased with increasing temperature, whereas the air flow had no effect on the stability index. The optimal parameters for the oxidative stability are 80 °C and a flow rate of 15 L h?1, and the virgin oil sample showed the best oxidative stability, possibly because it was not subjected to any treatment after extraction. The results from this study suggest that it would be preferable to consume virgin instead of refined grape oil because it is a better source of bioactive compounds and has a higher stability when heated. 相似文献
995.
Ayşe Saygün Neşe Şahin-Yeşilçubuk Necla Aran 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(9):1521-1530
Yarrowia lipolytica is known to have the ability to assimilate hydrophobic substrates like triglycerides, fats, and oils, and to produce single-cell oils, lipases, and organic acids. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different oil sources (borage, canola, sesame, Echium, and trout oils) and oil industry residues (olive pomace oil, hazelnut oil press cake, and sunflower seed oil cake) on the growth, lipid accumulation, and lipase and citric acid production by Y. lipolytica YB 423-12. The maximum biomass and lipid accumulation were observed with linseed oil. Among the tested oil sources and oil industry residues, hazelnut oil press cake was the best medium for lipase production. The Y. lipolytica YB 423-12 strain produced 12.32 ± 1.54 U/mL (lipase activity) of lipase on hazelnut oil press cake medium supplemented with glucose. The best substrate for citric acid production was found to be borage oil, with an output of 5.34 ± 0.94 g/L. The biotechnological production of valuable metabolites such as single-cell oil, lipase, and citric acid could be achieved by using these wastes and low-cost substrates with this strain. Furthermore, the cost of the bio-process could also be significantly reduced by the utilization of various low-cost raw materials, residues, wastes, and renewable resources as substrates for this yeast. 相似文献
996.
Martial Degbia Bruno Schmaltz Johann Bouclé Juozas V Grazulevicius François Tran‐Van 《Polymer International》2014,63(8):1387-1393
The synthesis of new organic hole transporting materials (HTMs) based on 3,6‐disubstituted 9H‐carbazole‐3,6‐diamine,N,N,N′,N′‐tetraphenyl‐9‐(4‐methoxyphenyl) derivatives and their applications in solid state dye sensitizer solar cells (DSSCs) are described. The effect of the methoxy group localized on the para position of the diphenylamine moieties on the thermal, electronic and electrochemical properties and photovoltaic performance is discussed. In solid state DSSCs, utilization of the aforementioned HTMs in combination with the dye D102 (TiO2/D102/HTM/Au) shows a positive influence of the methoxy group on the photovoltaic conversion efficiency compared with unsubstituted diphenylamine grafted groups. A study on the concentration of the HTM is also carried out and shows an optimal concentration around 200 mg mL?1. Without further optimization, the best device gives a power conversion efficiency of 1.75% under AM 1.5 solar irradiation (100 mW cm?2). 相似文献
997.
Süleyman Köytepe Maruf Hurşit Demirel Ahmet Gültek Turgay Seçkin 《Polymer International》2014,63(4):778-787
In this study, novel metallo‐supramolecular materials based on terpyridine‐functionalized polyhedral silsesquioxane were synthesized from 4′‐chloro‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine and amino‐group‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. The obtained terpyridine‐functionalized polyhedral silsesquioxanes were converted to metallo‐supramolecular hybrid materials by coordination polycondensation reaction with Co(II) or Cu(II) ions. The supramolecular polymers created were characterized by means of structure, morphology and stimuli‐responsive performance employing scanning electron microscopy, amperometric techniques and UV–visible and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. UV?visible and cyclic voltammetry studies showed that both the optical and electrochemical properties of metallo‐supramolecular materials are affected by the substituent at the pyridine periphery. The supramolecular polymers obtained exhibited electrochromism during the oxidation processes of cyclic voltammogram studies. As a result, these terpyridine‐functionalized polyhedral silsesquioxanes are good candidates for electronic, opto‐electronic and photovoltaic applications as smart stimuli‐responsive materials. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
998.
Yongli Zhao Yan Wang Zexin Yu Marie-Pierre Planche François Peyraut Hanlin Liao Audrey Lasalle Alain Allimant Ghislain Montavon 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2018,38(13):4512-4522
Brittleness, relative high friction coefficient and wear rate limit the applications of ceramic coatings as wear-resistant layers. However, because embedding additives with ceramic matrix has demonstrated to be an effective way to improve coating performances, different contents and size of h-BN were added into an YSZ suspension. Afterwards, the YSZ/h-BN composite coatings were manufactured by suspension plasma spray and their tribological analysis indicated that: i) the reduction of the friction coefficient and wear rate can be achieved by incorporating h-BN into YSZ coating. ii) finer h-BN particle is more helpful to enhance the tribological properties of the coating. iii) the optimum content is dependent on h-BN particle sizes. iv) when the contents and the size of the h-BN inclusion increase, the probability distribution of the micro-hardness can become bi-modal. Three worn surface conditions were summarized and their wear mechanisms were discussed as well. 相似文献
999.
Crane CM Hirsch AK Alphey MS Sgraja T Lauw S Illarionova V Rohdich F Eisenreich W Hunter WN Bacher A Diederich F 《ChemMedChem》2008,3(1):91-101
The enzymes of the non-mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis are attractive targets for the development of novel drugs against malaria and tuberculosis. This pathway is used exclusively by the corresponding pathogens, but not by humans. A series of water-soluble, cytidine-based inhibitors that were originally designed for the fourth enzyme in the pathway, IspD, were shown to inhibit the subsequent enzyme, the kinase IspE (from Escherichia coli). The binding mode of the inhibitors was verified by co-crystal structure analysis, using Aquifex aeolicus IspE. The crystal structures represent the first reported example of a co-crystal structure of IspE with a synthetic ligand and confirmed that ligand binding affinity originates mainly from the interactions of the nucleobase moiety in the cytidine binding pocket of the enzyme. In contrast, the appended benzimidazole moieties of the ligands adopt various orientations in the active site and establish only poor intermolecular contacts with the protein. Defined binding sites for sulfate ions and glycerol molecules, components in the crystallization buffer, near the well-conserved ATP-binding Gly-rich loop of IspE were observed. The crystal structures of A. aeolicus IspE nicely complement the one from E. coli IspE for use in structure-based design, namely by providing invaluable structural information for the design of inhibitors targeting IspE from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium falciparum. Similar to the enzymes from these pathogens, A. aeolicus IspE directs the OH group of a tyrosine residue into a pocket in the active site. In the E. coli enzyme, on the other hand, this pocket is lined by phenylalanine and has a more pronounced hydrophobic character. 相似文献
1000.
SUMMARY High molecular weight poly (ether sulfonamide) has been prepared by condensation of 4,4'-dichlorosulfonyldiphenylether with ethylenediamine. The reaction of potassium salt of poly (ether sulfonamide) with epichlorohydrin gives the corresponding N-glycidiyl derivative in yield as high as 98%. The resulting polymer offers many functionalization possibilities through ring opening of the oxirane units. Also the glycidiyl bearing polymer may act as multifunctional post-crosslinking agent for polymers carrying hydroxy, amino or carboxyl groups. Received: 16 February 1998/Revised version: 4 May 1998/Accepted: 7 May 1998 相似文献