Physical properties of a trapped two-level ion decaying by thermal and squeezed vacuum reservoirs

In this paper, we first study the interaction between a trapped two-level ion with a field reservoir in a general form. Then, we use thermal and squeezed vacuum reservoirs to continue our investigation. We try to find the equation of motion for the whole system density operator by applying the Weisskopf theory. Next, we evaluate the explicit form of the density matrix elements analytically. In the obtained density matrix elements, we arrive at some physical parameters of the trapped ion system as well as the applied field reservoirs by which one can control the transition probabilities between the trapped ionic states. We also introduce some hermitian operators for the trapped ion system and calculate the expectation values of their time evolution by considering the mentioned two reservoirs. In the continuation, we design a system for measuring the hermitian trapped ion’s operators theoretically. Finally, we find a way to transport the information of the trapped ion system by our proposed quantum processor.     

Assessment of possible protective roles of selenium, zinc, and cis-stilbene oxide against acute T-2 toxin poisoning: a preliminary report

The efficacy of two free radical scavengers, selenium and zinc, and a microsomal epoxide hydrolase-inducing agent, cis-stilbene oxide on the acute toxicity of T-2 toxin, a potent cytotoxic trichothecene, was investigated. Mice were pretreated daily for 3 consecutive days with either zinc sulfate (4.4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]), sodium selenite (1, 2, and 3 mg/kg i.p.) or cis-stilbene oxide (50 mg/kg i.p.). A full 24-hr after the final dosing with these agents, mice were given T-2 toxin (2, 2.5, or 3 mg/kg i.p.). The acute lethal toxicity of T-2 toxin (2.5 mg/kg) was reduced by administration of only sodium selenite (3 mg/kg) and cis-stilbene oxide (50 mg/kg). No significant effect on weight gain was observed.     

Effect of Complex Ceramic Oxide Nanoparticles Addition on the Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel in Artificial Sea Water: Physical Chemistry Approach

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - A novel method of electrochemical synthesis of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG: Al5Y3O12) is successfully developed in the mixture of YCl3 and...     

Study on thermal stability of polyurethane-urea based on polysiloxane and polycaprolactone diols

Different grades of segmented polyurethane-urea were synthesized through two-step solution polymerization of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polycaprolactone (PCL) polyols with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and mixture of 1,4-buthanediol and 4,4-methylene bis (3-chloro 2,6-diethylaniline) in toluene/tetra-hydrofuran media. Structural characterization of the synthesized samples was conducted using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were utilized to assess material characteristics. The results showed a relationship between PDMS content and thermal stability, morphology and mechanical properties of the urethane-urea samples. Onset degradation temperature was increased by increasing the PDMS content in the polyurethane backbone where the crystallinity was varied versus PDMS content. Strong interaction established between hard and soft segments resulted in a positive shift in PCL glass transition temperature. Tracking E′, E″ and damping factor in DMTA measurements confirmed the two-phase morphology. Hydrophobicity of polymer surfaces was traced by contact angle measurement.     

Optimization of multiplex PCR for the identification of animal species using mitochondrial genes in sausages

Detection of species fraud in meat products is very important in order to protect consumers from undesirable adulteration, as well as for the economic, religious and health aspects. The most important reason for verification of the labeling statements is to detect fraudulent substitution of expensive meat components with other cheaper animals or mislabeling. The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex PCR that could be used in the simultaneous identification of multiple meat species. In this study, ten sausages with a minimum beef content of 55 %, from ten different manufacturing companies, and five samples of cow, chicken, goat, camel and donkey raw meats, for the purpose of positive control, were collected from food markets in Tehran, Iran. Total DNA was extracted from each sausage and the raw meats. Primers were selected in different regions of mitochondrial DNA (12S rRNA, cytochrome b and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 2) for identification of meat species. 12S rRNA and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 2 primers generated specific fragments of 183 and 145 bp length, for chicken and donkey, respectively. Three different specific primers were used for amplification of cytochrome b gene in goat, camel and cattle species and amplified species-specific DNA fragments of 157, 200 and 274 bp, respectively. The results proved that half of the specimens were contaminated with chicken meat, and this was greater than the proportion of beef stated on the label, while the other half only had chicken residuals, and no beef content. No contamination was found with goat, donkey or camel meats. These findings showed that molecular methods, such as multiplex PCR, is a potentially reliable, sensitive and accurate assay for the detection of adulterated meat species in mixed meat products.     

Tirzepatide: A Systematic Update

Tirzepatide is a new molecule capable of controlling glucose blood levels by combining the dual agonism of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors. GIP and GLP1 are incretin hormones: they are released in the intestine in response to nutrient intake and stimulate pancreatic beta cell activity secreting insulin. GIP and GLP1 also have other metabolic functions. GLP1, in particular, reduces food intake and delays gastric emptying. Moreover, Tirzepatide has been shown to improve blood pressure and to reduce Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. Tirzepatide efficacy and safety were assessed in a phase III SURPASS 1–5 clinical trial program. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration approved Tirzepatide subcutaneous injections as monotherapy or combination therapy, with diet and physical exercise, to achieve better glycemic blood levels in patients with diabetes. Other clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate its use in other diseases. The scientific interest toward this novel, first-in-class medication is rapidly increasing. In this comprehensive and systematic review, we summarize the main results of the clinical trials investigating Tirzepatide and the currently available meta-analyses, emphasizing novel insights into its adoption in clinical practice for diabetes and its future potential applications in cardiovascular medicine.     

NMR Assessment of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins: Correlations That Reveal Interactions and Motions

NMR measurements of rotational and translational diffusion are used to characterize the solution behavior of a wide variety of therapeutic proteins and peptides. The timescales of motions sampled in these experiments reveal complicated intrinsic solution behavior such as flexibility, that is central to function, as well as self-interactions, stress-induced conformational changes and other critical attributes that can be discovery and development liabilities. Trends from proton transverse relaxation (R₂) and hydrodynamic radius (R_h) are correlated and used to identify and differentiate intermolecular from intramolecular interactions. In this study, peptide behavior is consistent with complicated multimer self-assembly, while multi-domain protein behavior is dominated by intramolecular interactions. These observations are supplemented by simulations that include effects from slow transient interactions and rapid internal motions. R₂–R_h correlations provide a means to profile protein motions as well as interactions. The approach is completely general and can be applied to therapeutic and target protein characterization.     

A survey on indoor RGB-D semantic segmentation: from hand-crafted features to deep convolutional neural networks

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Semantic segmentation is one of the most important tasks in the field of computer vision. It is the main step towards scene understanding. With the advent of...     

A new modeling approach to single-link flexible manipulator using singular perturbation method

This paper presents a new methodology for modeling a single-link flexible manipulator with an arbitrarily large (infinite) number of deflection modes based on the singular perturbation method. It is shown that a part of the fast dynamics of the singularly perturbed system representing flexibility is treated as a norm-bounded uncertainty. In other words, the proposed approach to modeling actually characterizes, in some sense, a reduced-order model of the system. Output feedback control of the tip position is controlled by utilizing the -dependent H technique on the rest of the certain dynamics of the manipulator. Robust regulation is obtained by minimizing the influence of the uncertainty on the tip position. The proposed strategy is applied to a single-link flexible arm and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the analysis and design.