An authenticated re‐encryption scheme for secure file transfer in named data networks

With the fast progress of the Internet and communication technologies, the digital communication is increasingly based on the architecture of TCP/IP. Nevertheless, in TCP/IP's architecture, there are limitations such as data uncertainty and flow overloading. In response to this, a novel architecture has been proposed, which is known as the named data network (NDN). Named data network is an alternative network architecture based on the data each user accesses. Users gain accesses to the data by using an adjacent router (node) that verifies the correctness of the data. In NDN, the router has the capability to store and search for the data. Hence, this architecture largely improves the disadvantages in TCP/IP's architecture. Named data network is a new proposal and relatively under‐researched now. Thus far, an adequate secure file transfer protocol is still unavailable for NDN. In some cases, files are broken or the source fails to authenticate, which results in the need to discover the owner of the file. Furthermore, we believe that NDN should involve an authentication mechanism in the secure file transfer protocol. In view of the above, this paper presents an authenticated re‐encryption scheme for NDN, which offers sender authentication, data confidentiality, and support for potential receivers. Finally, we also propose a security model for sender authentication and prove that the proposed scheme is secure.     

功率器件封装用纳米浆料制备及其烧结性能研究进展

随着SiC、GaN等第三代半导体在大功率器件上的应用,功率器件的工作温度可达到300℃,传统Sn基无铅钎料因为熔点低及钎焊温度高等原因无法满足要求。纳米浆料因其可以实现低温烧结、高温服役的特性吸引了国内外研究者的青睐。从纳米颗粒的合成、纳米浆料的制备、烧结性能以及可靠性等方面综述国内外纳米浆料的研究进展,同时对纳米浆料研究中存在的问题提出一些建议。     

A Bridge between Ceramics Electrolyte and Interface Layer to Fast Li+ Transfer for Low Interface Impedance Solid-State Batteries

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) are regarded as next generation advanced energy storage technology to provide higher safety and energy density. However, a practical application is plagued by large interfacial resistance, owing to solid-solid interface contact between ceramics electrolytes and Li anode. Introducing polymer-based coating between electrolytes and Li anode is a feasible strategy to solve this issue. Unfortunately, current polymer is hard to achieve intimate contact at the atomic scale and lacks of a bridge to transfer Li⁺ quickly between electrolytes and polymer coating. This gives rise to sluggish Li⁺ transfer dynamics, huge interface impedance and greatly limits the effectiveness of this strategy. Herein, Poly(lithium 4-styrenesulfonate)(PLSS) is introduced between Li_6.5La₃Zr_1.5Ta_0.5O₁₂ (LLZTO) electrolyte and Li anode. The theories and experiments prove the existence of strong coordinating interaction between  SO₃Li in PLSS and atoms on LLZTO surface. This interaction structures a bridge to migrate Li⁺ fast across LLZTO/PLSS interface and hence interface impedance is as low as 9 Ω cm². Moreover, the electron-blocking feature of PLSS can prevent electrons from tunneling the LLZTO/PLSS interface and combining with Li⁺ to form dendrite within LLZTO. PLSS-base cells show improved long-life cycling for 4700 h at 0.1 mA cm⁻² at room temperature.     

Grafted MXenes Based Electrolytes for 5V-Class Solid-State Batteries

Polymer blends based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), combining the advantages of multiple polymers, are promising for the utilization of 5 V-class cathodes (e.g., LiCoMnO₄ (LCMO)) with enhanced safety. However, severe macro-phase separation with defects and voids in polymer blends restrict the electrochemical stability and ionic migration of SPEs. Herein, inorganic compatibilizer polyacrylonitrile grafted MXene (MXene-g-PAN) is exploited to improve the miscibility of the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVHF)/PAN blends and suppress the consolidation of phase particles. The resulting SPE exhibits a high anodic stability with an ionic conductivity of 2.17 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹, enabling a stable and reversible Li platting/stripping (over 2500 h). The fabricated solid Li‖LCMO cell delivers a 5.1 V discharge voltage with a decent capacity (131 mAh g⁻¹) and cycling performance. Subsequently, the solid all-in-one graphite‖LCMO battery is also constructed to extend the application of MXene based SPEs in flexible batteries. Benefiting from the interface-less design, outstanding mechanical flexibility and stability is achieved in the battery, which can endure various deformations with a low-capacity loss (< ≈10%). This study signifies a significant development on solid flexible lithium ion batteries with enhanced performance, stability, and reliability by investigating the miscibility of polymer blends, benefiting for the design of high-performance SPEs.     

Activatable NIR-II Lanthanides-Polymetallic Oxomolybdate Hybrid Nanosensors for Monitoring Chemotherapy Induced Enteritis

Chemotherapy-induced enteritis is one of the side effects associated with cancer therapy, which significantly affects the treatment effect, but there is no effective clinical detection method that can early diagnose its occurrence and progression. Here, a series of second near-infrared window (NIR-II) hybrid nanosensors are designed that consisted of lanthanide nanoparticles and β-Mo2C-derived polymetallic oxomolybdate nanoclusters (Ln@POM). Based on the high sensitivity of POM to reactive oxygen species (ROS) closely related to chemotherapy-induced enteritis, the NIR-II luminescence intensity and lifetime of Ln@POM (Ln: Yb³⁺, Nd³⁺, Ho³⁺, Tm³⁺, Er³⁺) show excellent responsiveness to H₂O₂ and HClO with the detection limit down to 0.15 and 0.14 µm , respectively. Utilizing Nd@POM as a ROS-activated NIR-II nanosensor, the chemotherapeutic enteritis is successfully detected within 7 h after induction of chemotherapy drugs, which is significantly earlier than the gold standard method (immunohistochemistry, 24 h). These results demonstrate that the designed hybrid nanosensors are promising optical tools for the early diagnosis of ROS-related diseases.     

Recent Progress in Advanced Tactile Sensing Technologies for Soft Grippers

Tactile sensing technology is crucial for soft grippers. Soft grippers equipped with intelligent tactile sensing systems based on various sensors can interact safely with the unstructured environments and obtain precise properties of objects (e.g., size and shape). It is essential to develop state-of-the-art sensing technologies for soft grippers to handle different grasping tasks. In this review, the development of tactile sensing techniques for robotic hands is first introduced. Then, the principles and structures of different types of sensors normally adopted in soft grippers, including capacitive tactile sensors, piezoresistive tactile sensors, piezoelectric tactile sensors, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, vision-based tactile sensors, triboelectric tactile sensors, and other advanced sensors developed recently are briefly presented. Furthermore, sensing modalities and methodologies for soft grippers are also described in aspects of force measurement, perception of object properties, slip detection, and fusion of perception. The application scenarios of soft grippers are also summarized based on these advanced sensing technologies. Finally, the challenges of tactile sensing technologies for soft grippers that need to be tackled are discussed and perspectives in addressing these challenges are pointed out.     

Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation Accelerated Electrocatalytic Water Splitting on 2D Perovskite Oxide/MXene Heterostructure

The rational design of economic and high-performance electrocatalytic water-splitting systems is of great significance for energy and environmental sustainability. Developing a sustainable energy conversion-assisted electrocatalytic process provides a promising novel approach to effectively boost its performance. Herein, a self-sustained water-splitting system originated from the heterostructure of perovskite oxide with 2D Ti₃C₂T_x MXene on Ni foam (La_1-xSr_xCoO₃/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/Ni) that shows high activity for solar-powered water evaporation and simultaneous electrocatalytic water splitting is presented. The all-in-one interfacial electrocatalyst exhibits highly improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance with a low overpotential of 279 mV at 10 mA cm⁻² and a small Tafel slope of 74.3 mV dec⁻¹, superior to previously reported perovskite oxide-based electrocatalysts. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the integration of La_0.9Sr_0.1CoO₃ with Ti₃C₂T_x MXene can lower the energy barrier for the electron transfer and decrease the OER overpotential, while COMSOL simulations unveil that interfacial solar evaporation could induce OH⁻ enrichment near the catalyst surfaces and enhance the convection flow above the catalysts to remove the generated gas, remarkably accelerating the kinetics of electrocatalytic water splitting.     

Chirp‐Based Cognitive Ultra‐wideband Radio

In this letter, we propose a cognitive ultra‐wideband radio scheme which is based on a modified chirp waveform. Therefore, it requires only time domain processing in the cognitive radio systems and reduces system complexity and power consumption.     

SU-8胶深紫外光刻模拟

综合了SU-8胶光刻过程中衍射、反射、折射、吸收率随光刻胶深度的变化及交联显影等各种效应,考虑了折射及吸收系数随时间的变化,建立了SU-8化学放大胶的光刻模型.模拟结果显示,该模型比现有的模拟方法结果更精确,与实验结果符合较好,可以在实际应用中对SU-8光刻胶的二维模拟结果进行有效预测.     

用于产生微波信号的分布反馈激光器与Y形波导单片集成器件的研究

设计并制作了一种在Y形波导的两个分支上集成分布反馈(distributed feedback,DFB)激光器的单片集成器件.DFB激光器的布拉格光栅一次曝光形成,具有相同的光栅周期.当注入电流分别单独加载到两段DFB激光器之上时,从Y形波导端输出光波长在1565nm附近,边模抑制比大于30dB.当大于阈值且相差大于20mA的两个电流同时加载到两段DFB激光器上时,从Y形波导端输出的光谱具有双模分布,双模频率的差值可以拍频产生微波频段的信号.通过调节两段DFB的注入电流,微波信号的频率可以在13～42GHz之间快速连续调谐.这种基于Y形波导的两段DFB并联的拍频光源比传统的双段级联DFB器件有较好的光学和电学隔离,可以作为光学拍频源的一种新的实现方法.