ABSTRACTFabrication of electronic materials from nanocomposite of biopolyesters reinforced with carbon nanotubes can be regarded as the effective alternative for conventional nanocomposites consisting of non-biodegradable polymers. Commercial availability of biopolyester-based nanocomposites is limited because of their high cost compared to other polymers, but the factor of their compostable nature is worthless for environmental protection. Such nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable sensors, EMI materials, etc. In this review, the current progress of biopolyester/CNTs nanocomposites in the field of biodegradable electronics is reviewed and also the impact of CNTs dispersion on electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of eco composites is stipulated. 相似文献
FDA's Process Analytical Technology (PAT) initiative provides an unprecedented opportunity for chemical engineers to play significant roles in the pharmaceutical industry. In this article, the authors provide their perspectives on (1) the need for chemical engineering principles in pharmaceutical development for a thorough process understanding; (2) applications of chemical engineering principles to meet the challenges from the semiconductor and pharmaceutical industries; and (3) the integration of chemical engineering practice into the semiconductor and pharmaceutical industries to achieve process understanding and the desired state of quality-by-design. A real-world case study from the semiconductor industry is presented to demonstrate how a classic chemical engineering concept, mixing homogeneity, can be implemented by inducing forced flow to ensure an excellent copper electrochemical plating process performance and to improve product quality substantially. Further, a case study of brake system design is discussed with the concept of Dr. Taguchi's robust engineering design to illustrate how quality-by-design can be achieved through appropriate experimental design, in conjunction with the discussion on the concept of quality-by-design in pharmaceuticals. Third, a case study of freeze-dried sodium ethacrynate is presented to demonstrate the vital importance of controlling the processing factors to achieve the desired product stability. Finally, the problems of the current pharmaceutical manufacturing mode, the opportunities and engineering challenges during implementation of PAT in the pharmaceutical industry, and the role of chemical engineering in implementation of PAT is discussed in detail. 相似文献
[60]Fullerene (C60) was mono-substituted with well-defined poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-b-C60) using the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. The self-assembly behaviors of PMMA-b-C60 in ethyl acetate (EA) and decalin mixtures were studied using laser light scattering (LLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Homogeneous solutions of PMMA-b-C60 can be obtained in the solvent mixtures containing more than 40 wt% EA, where the molar ratio of decalin to EA is close to 1. For each solvent mixture, unimers coexist with micelles and large aggregates. The sizes of PMMA-b-C60 micelles and aggregates are independent of polymer concentration, confirming that they are produced via the closed association mechanism. For the various solvent mixtures, the weight-averaged molecular weights, Mw of the PMMA-b-C60 aggregates range from 4.1×107 to 12.5×107 g/mol. The hydrodynamic radii of the large aggregate, Rh, vary from 90 to 136 nm, while the z-averaged radii of gyration, Rg, range from 210 to 311 nm. The Rg/Rh value for each solvent mixture is ∼2.3, which is independent of decalin contents in the mixed solvents. The morphological study using the transmission electron microscope suggests that the large aggregates are composed of porous large compound micelles (LCM) in solution. 相似文献
Parents of six children are facing a trial on charges of aggravated manslaughter in the care a 5 1/2 month old infant who
died suddenly and neglect of their four older children for causing them to be malnourished by feeding them all an exclusively
raw foods vegan diet. Both parents declined plea bargains and plan to defend themselves in court. 相似文献
Olfactory responses of the cereal stemborer parasitoid Cotesiasesamiae to volatiles emitted by gramineous host and nonhost plants of the stemborers were studied in a Y-tube olfactometer. The host plants were maize (Zea mays) and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor), while the nonhost plant was molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora). In single-choice tests, females of C. sesamiae chose volatiles from infested and uninfested host plants and molasses grass over volatiles from the control (soil). In dual-choice tests, the wasp preferred volatiles from infested host plants to those from uninfested host plants. There was no discrimination between molasses grass volatiles and those of uninfested maize, uninfested sorghum, or infested maize. The wasp preferred sorghum volatiles over maize. Combining uninfested maize or sorghum with molasses grass did not make volatiles from the combination more attractive as compared to only uninfested host plants. Infested maize alone was as attractive as when combined with molasses grass. Infested sorghum was preferred over its combination with molasses grass. Local growth conditions of the molasses grasses influenced attractiveness to the parasitoids. Volatiles from Thika molasses grass were attractive, while those from Mbita molasses grass were not. Growing the Thika molasses grass in Mbita rendered it unattractive and vice versa with the Mbita molasses grass. This is a case of the same genotype expressing different phenotypes due to environmental factors. 相似文献
The present article introduced a novel idea for information hiding namely steganography. We have used new notions for the construction of the nonlinear component for block cipher based on inverse LA-semigroups. This nonlinear component fundamentally provides confidentiality in the proposed steganographic algorithm. The construction of the algorithm is fundamentally twofold. Firstly, we have constructed a novel scheme to design confusion component namely substitution box (S-box). Secondly, we have utilized the anticipated nonlinear component in digital steganography. The suggested algorithm is tested for different standard digital images. The authentication of the proposed algorithm is confirmed through statistical analysis.
Most schemes exhibit low robustness due to LSB’s (Least Significant Bit) and MSB’s (Most Significant Bit) based information hiding in the cover image. However, most of these IW schemes have low imperceptibility as the cover image distortion reveals to the attacker due to information hiding in MSB’s. In this paper, a hybrid image watermarking scheme is proposed based on integrating Robust Principal Component Analysis (R-PCA), Discrete Tchebichef Transform (DTT), and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). A grayscale watermark image is twisted/scrambled using a 2D Discrete Hyper-chaotic Encryption System (2D-DHCES) to boost up the robustness/heftiness and security. The original cover image is crumbled into sparse components using R-PCA and using DTT the substantial component is additionally decomposed and the watermark will be embedded in the cover image using SVD processing. In DTT, scarcer coefficients hold the utmost energy, also provide an optimum sparse depiction of the substantial image edges and features that supports proficient retrieval of the watermark image even after unadorned image distortion based channel attacks. The imperceptibility and robustness of the proposed method are corroborated against a variety of signal processing channel attacks (salt and pepper noise, multi-directional shearing, cropping, and frequency filtering, etc.). The visual and quantifiable outcomes reveal that the proposed image watermarking scheme is much effective and delivers high forbearance against several image processing and geometric attacks.
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - The fault and disturbances estimation has an important role in the modern traction railway system. This paper proposes a unique method for... 相似文献
利用本文方法对烘焙产品进行质量检测的结果与其它方法相比较,发现本文提出的基于生物启发的机器视觉系统运行更加精确和有效,同时发现采用One Versus One支持向量机和Directed Acyclic Graph支持向量机可以得到最大的分类精确率。本文方法对饼干形状和颜色的辨识分别达到了95%和100%的分类精确率。同时,算法稳定。