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991.
Chen C.-J. Ye J. Wong W.S. Lu Y.-W. Ho M.-C. Cao Y. Gassner M.J. Pease J.S. Tsai H.-S. Lee H.K. Cabot S. Sun Y. 《Electronics letters》2001,37(21):1304-1305
A robust control scheme for suppressing transients in both lumped and distributed Raman amplifiers is demonstrated. The control method uses only output power monitoring and holds gain fluctuations on surviving channels to <±0.06 dB in an experiment 相似文献
992.
Parametric studies of passive Q-switching and mode-locking in a Nd 3+:YVO4-Cr4+:YAG laser were theoretically carried out. Simultaneous mode-locking and Q-switching was also experimentally studied. It was found that over 90% of the output power could be mode-locked in a diode-pumped passively Q-switched Nd3+:YVO4-Cr4+:YAG laser. The average pulse duration of the mode-locked pulse train was estimated to he around 110~150 ps. The highest peak power of a single pulse near the maximum of the Q-switched envelope was greater than 100 kW 相似文献
993.
Dar-Jen Tseng Bin-Ru Tsai Lung-Chen Chang 《Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research》2001,16(3):175-183
This paper presents a case study on the collapse caused by sudden groundwater ingression in the Pinglin pilot tunnel, and the treatments developed for the adverse ground conditions encountered. The ideas for the ground treatment are to reduce groundwater pressure as well as to consolidate the fractured zone in rock formations. The paper highlights the importance of paying particular attention to the ground treatment process and grouting quality control. Ongoing adjustments of grouting mixture and pressure may be necessary with the changing ground conditions. 相似文献
994.
The purpose of this study is to develop artificial neural networks for the nondestructive evaluation of a bounded structure using laser generated surface waves. The radial basis model is employed and the inputs of the networks are the sampled dispersion curves while the output is the thickness of the bonding layer or unbond ratio. Numerical simulated dispersion curves with noises were used to train and test the neural networks. The dispersion curves of laser ultrasonic experiments acquired by spectral analysis method were also utilized to test the systems. For comparison, simplex inverse method was also introduced. The results demonstrate that neural networks are well suited for on-line evaluation of bonding thickness and unbond ratio of a bonded layered structure. 相似文献
995.
A new class of hydroxyl-functionalized polydimethylsiloxane-block-hydroxyl graft acrylate prepolymer (PDMS-b-HGAP) copolymers was synthesized. The copolymers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well
as 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The hydroxyl groups of the HGAP were reacted with the chlorine terminal in the
PDMS to yield a triblock copolymer consisting of two segments of PDMS linked to a HGAP segment. The induced surface reconstruction
of silicone rubber (SR)by blending polysiloxane reactants with bifunctional PDMS-b-HGAP copolymers and curing using mold materials having high critical surface tension such as polyethyleneterephthalate was
attempted to improve the adhesion between chemically-inert SR and polyurethane (PU). Surface characterization using Foruier
transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance indicated that the surface of the SR was enriched with HGAP. The increased
content of surface HGAP was suggested to account for the improved adhesion between SR and PU. 相似文献
996.
Electrochemical studies have been performed with the atmospheric corrosion monitor (ACM) under thin layers of electrolyte which were drying out at R.H. < 100%. Galvanic couples (Cu/steel, Cu/zinc) and one-metal (steel, zinc) ACMs were used. Measurements were carried out as a function of R.H. and Na2SO4 concentration. In addition, weight loss data were collected under identical conditions in thin layer experiments for steel and zinc in 0.01N solutions of NaCl, Na2SO4, HCl, H2SO4 and distilled H2O in air, air + 1 ppm SO2, argon and argon + 1 ppm SO2. The data obtained in air and air + SO2 were compared to weight loss results in bulk solutions.The electrochemical technique makes it possible to follow the changes of corrosion rates with time. As observed in outdoor exposure, a large increase of corrosion rates occurs when the electrolyte layers become very thin, shortly before the surface dries out. These findings explain the results of the weight loss data which show for most environments a much larger corrosion rate than in the bulk electrolyte. An accelerating effect of SO2 was observed for steel at higher R.H. values, while for zinc, no effect occurred in NaCl, Na2SO4 and H2SO4, but an inhibiting effect was measured in HCl and in distilled H2O.Since weight loss and electrochemical data were recorded under identical conditions, it is possible to determine how accurately the ACM data reflect the true corrosion rate. It was found for Cu/steel ACMs that the electrochemical data follow the same trends as the weight loss data, but account for only about 20% of the corrosion rate. Due to larger scatter in the weight loss data, a similar efficiency factor could not be determined for Cu/zinc. For steel and zinc ACMs, the true Tafel slopes are not known, which makes a calculation of corrosion rates doubtful. The low cell efficiency is considered to be due to local corrosion of single cell plates and to i.r.-drop effects.Despite the fact that exact corrosion rates cannot, at present, be obtained from ACM data, the technique appears very valuable for following the changes of atmospheric corrosion behaviour and for time-of-wetness measurements. 相似文献
997.
Image steganographic scheme based on pixel-value differencing and LSB replacement methods 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Wu H.-C. Wu N.-I. Tsai C.-S. Hwang M.-S. 《Vision, Image and Signal Processing, IEE Proceedings -》2005,152(5):611-615
In order to improve the capacity of the hidden secret data and to provide an imperceptible stego-image quality, a novel steganographic method based on least-significant-bit (LSB) replacement and pixel-value differencing (PVD) method is presented. First, a different value from two consecutive pixels by utilising the PVD method is obtained. A small difference value can be located on a smooth area and the large one is located on an edged area. In the smooth areas, the secret data is hidden into the cover image by LSB method while using the PVD method in the edged areas. Because the range width is variable, and the area in which the secret data is concealed by LSB or PVD method are hard to guess, the security level is the same as that of a single using the PVD method of the proposed method. From the experimental results, compared with the PVD method being used alone, the proposed method can hide a much larger information and maintains a good visual quality of stego-image. 相似文献
998.
The nanomechanical characteristics of polycarbonate (PC) polymer were investigated by atomic force microscope (AFM) and nanoindentation. Scratching, wear properties, hardness and Young's modulus were obtained. The relationships between scribing feed and speed, surface depth and roughness and applied load were also investigated. The results indicated that as the applied load was increased, the furrow depth and the surface roughness increased. When the scribing feed was increased, the depth and roughness decreased. Increasing the furrow speed also decreased the surface roughness. The applied load is more significant than the scribing speed on the material removal rate. In addition, the Young's modulus and hardness of the polycarbonate material were 1.8 and 0.2 GPa, respectively. 相似文献
999.
Maoxiong Zhao Mu Ku Chen Ze-Peng Zhuang Yiwen Zhang Ang Chen Qinmiao Chen Wenzhe Liu Jiajun Wang Ze-Ming Chen Bo Wang Xiaohan Liu Haiwei Yin Shumin Xiao Lei Shi Jian-Wen Dong Jian Zi Din Ping Tsai 《光:科学与应用(英文版)》2021,10(4):551-561
Metalenses have emerged as a new optical element or system in recent years, showing superior performance and abundant applications. However, the phase distribut... 相似文献
1000.
Architectures for packet switches are approaching the limit of electronic switching speed. This raises the question of how best to utilize advances in photonic technology to enable higher speeds. The authors introduce cascaded optical delay line (COD) architectures. The COD architectures utilize an extremely simple distributed electronic control algorithm to configure the states of 2×2 photonic switches and use optical fiber delay lines to temporarily buffer packets if necessary. The simplicity of the architectures may also make them suitable for “lightweight” all-electronic implementations. For optical implementations, the number of 2×2 photonic switches used is a significant factor determining cost. The authors present a “baseline” architecture for a 2×2 buffered packet switch that is work conserving and has the first-in, first-out (FIFO) property. If the arrival processes are independent and without memory, the maximum utilization factor is ρ, and the maximum acceptable packet loss probability is ϵ, then the required number of 2×2 photonic switches is O(log(ϵ)/log(γ)), where γ=ρ2/(ρ2+4-4ρ). If one modifies the baseline architecture by changing the delay line lengths then the system is no longer work conserving and loses the FIFO property, but the required number of 2×2 photonic switches is reduced to O(log[log(ϵ)/log(γ)]). The required number of 2×2 photonic switches is essentially insensitive to the distribution of packet arrivals, but long delay lines are required for bursty traffic 相似文献