Summarization of Imaged Documents without OCR

A system is presented for creating a summary indicating the contents of an imaged document. The summary is composed from selected regions extracted from the imaged document. The regions may include sentences, key phrases, headings, and figures. The extracts are identified without the use of optical character recognition. The imaged document is first processed to identify the word-bounding boxes, the reading order of words, and the location of sentence and paragraph boundaries in the text. The word-bounding boxes are grouped into equivalence classes to mimic the terms in a text document. Equivalence classes representing content words are identified, and key phrases are identified from the set of content words. Summary sentences are selected using a statistically based classifier applied to a set of discrete sentence features. Evaluation of sentence selection against a set of abstracts created by a professional abstracting company is given.     

Birefringence study of the tricritical point in KDP

The birefringence of KDP has been measured as a function of temperature, pressure and d.c. electric field, in order to study the phase diagram in the tricritical region. The results are interpreted using a Landau-type theory.     

Etude de quelques composes Ln2Ge2O7 (Ln = La,Nd, Sm,Eu, Gd)

Some Ln₂Ge₂O₇ compounds (Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) have been reinvestigated. A preliminary crystallographic study shows that the compounds Nd₂Ge₂O₇ and Sm₂Ge₂O₇ belong to a new structural family. Tetragonal form has also been found for Gd₂Ge₂O₇ below 1250°C.     

Information-seeking and maternal self-definition during the transition to motherhood.

The self-definitional processes accompanying the transition to motherhood were examined in this study. A cross-sectional sample of more than 600 women who were planning to get pregnant within 2 years, pregnant, or in the postpartum stage completed extensive questionnaires pertaining to their experiences of pregnancy and motherhood. On the basis of the assumption of the "self-socialization" perspective that individuals actively construct their identities in response to life transitions, our analyses focused on the role of information-seeking in the developing self-definitions of women becoming mothers. As predicted, (a) women actively sought information in anticipation of a first birth, (b) they used this information to construct identities incorporating motherhood, and (c) after the birth the determinants of their self-definitions shifted from indirect sources of information to direct experiences with child care. Hence, consistent with the self-socialization perspective, information-seeking did play an important role in the women's developing self-conceptions during this life transition. Mechanisms by which information gathered may alter self-conception are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Observational and sociometric measures of peer popularity and their relationship to egocentric communication in female preschoolers.

Tested the relationship between popularity and communicative egocentrism with female preschoolers, and assessed the relationship between communicative egocentrism and 2 popularity measures: (a) a realistic measure of actual classroom interaction and (b) a sociometric measure of preferred playmates. Ss were 60 white middle-class 3-5 yr old female preschoolers. Results indicate that communicative egocentrism was significantly related to the observational measure of peer popularity even when the common effect of IQ was removed. Communicative egocentrism, however, was not significantly related to the sociometric measure of popularity. The possibility of a curvilinear relationship existing between communicative egocentrism and a sociometric measure of popularity is advanced. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Undergraduate study of value scores as predictors of occupation 25 years later.

To determine the relationship between the values held by undergraduates and subsequent occupation, a longitudinal study was undertaken to relate the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey Study of Values scores of 532 college men to their occupation some 25 yrs after graduation. The occupations reported lent themselves to classification into 7 groups. Significant differences in patterns of values were found for each group, with the scores taken at graduation having a higher predictive value than those at entrance to college. Physicians, for example, scored high on the theoretical and social values, and men in business scored high on the economic and political values as undergraduates. Current self-ratings on each of E. Spranger's "ideal types" also showed differences among the occupational groups and were significantly correlated with test scores obtained 2 decades earlier. (16 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Handover management based on user’s mobility specification

Considering the highly dynamic nature of wireless networks, the major challenge in this environment is the provision of QoS guarantees that different applications demand. Recent research is interested in advance resource reservation to provide the necessary QoS to the mobile terminals. Another way to obtain a better use of the resources in this environment is to determine the future locations of the mobile terminal. This paper describes a user’s mobility profile management based approach for advance resource reservation in wireless networks; it is based on theNsis signaling. This reservation is based on an objectMspec (Mobility Specification) which determines the future location of the mobile terminal. The mspec object is a part of a user’s mobility profile; this last is determined by the mobile terminal. Another applicability of our user’s mobility profile is in the 4G wireless systems, in this case; the mobile terminal supports various access technologies and the user’s mobility profile is used to adapt the vertical and the diagonal handover to the user’s needs.     

Ultrastructural localization of defined sequences of viral RNA and DNA by in situ hybridization of biotinylated DNA probes on sections of herpes simplex virus type 1 infected cells

The influence of fixation and enzymatic digestions on the ability of a denatured double-stranded DNA probe to bind specifically to related sequences of RNA and DNA in sections of Lowicryl embedded cells was investigated. Specificity of the hybridization was assessed using a biotinylated cloned subgenomic herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA fragment to localize viral nucleic acids in sections of infected cells. The probe was detected by anti-biotin antibodies and indirect immunogold labeling. Controls indicated that protease digestion of proteins from the section eliminated non-specific binding of the probe and labeling of endogenous biotin. Both formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde fixation retained viral RNA in protease digested sections. Its labeling was randomly and sparsely distributed over the fibrillo-granular network of the infected nucleus and over the ribosome-rich regions of cytoplasm. Labeling of single-stranded portions of viral DNA in protease-RNase digested sections was infrequent. It was located precisely over nucleoids of a few viral nucleocapsids whatever their location in the cell and their stage of maturation. Labeling of double-stranded viral DNA by denaturation of the DNA in the sections of Lowicryl embedded cells was possible after fixation with formaldehyde but not glutaraldehyde. Among several denaturation protocols, 0.5 N NaOH treatment was best for hybridization of both nonencapsidated and encapsidated viral DNA in protease-RNase digested sections. Free viral genomes were detected exclusively within the virus-replicating region of infected nuclei. Labeling of viral nucleoids was independent of their location in the cell. The high percentage of labeled viral nucleoids suggests that the related viral DNA sequence is not aggregated in the nucleoid but is extended and therefore numerous portions of this defined DNA sequence are accessible at the surface of the section for the binding of the probe.     

Diffusing-CRN k-means: an improved k-means clustering algorithm applied in cognitive radio ad hoc networks

With increasing demand of new wireless applications and increasing number of wireless user’s, problem of spectrum scarcity arises. In this context, cognitive radio supports dynamic spectrum access to address spectrum scarcity problem. Cognitive radio defined the cognitive radio nodes by their ability to intelligently adapt the environment to achieve specific objectives through advanced techniques. The variance of channel availability for cognitive radio nodes degrades connectivity and robustness of this type of network; in this case the use of clustering is an effective approach to meet this challenge. Indeed, the geographical areas are homogeneous in terms of type of radio spectrum, radio resources are better allocated by grouping cognitive radio nodes per cluster. Clustering is interesting to effectively manage the spectrum or routing in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. In this paper, we aim to improve connectivity and cooperativeness of cognitive radio nodes based on the improvement of the k-means algorithm. Our proposed algorithm is applied in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. The obtained results in terms of exchange messages and execution time show the feasibility of our algorithm to form clusters in order to improve connectivity and cooperativeness of cognitive radio nodes in the context of cognitive radio ad hoc networks.