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101.
Borkin MA Gajos KZ Peters A Mitsouras D Melchionna S Rybicki FJ Feldman CL Pfister H 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2011,17(12):2479-2488
Heart disease is the number one killer in the United States, and finding indicators of the disease at an early stage is critical for treatment and prevention. In this paper we evaluate visualization techniques that enable the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A key physical quantity of medical interest is endothelial shear stress (ESS). Low ESS has been associated with sites of lesion formation and rapid progression of disease in the coronary arteries. Having effective visualizations of a patient's ESS data is vital for the quick and thorough non-invasive evaluation by a cardiologist. We present a task taxonomy for hemodynamics based on a formative user study with domain experts. Based on the results of this study we developed HemoVis, an interactive visualization application for heart disease diagnosis that uses a novel 2D tree diagram representation of coronary artery trees. We present the results of a formal quantitative user study with domain experts that evaluates the effect of 2D versus 3D artery representations and of color maps on identifying regions of low ESS. We show statistically significant results demonstrating that our 2D visualizations are more accurate and efficient than 3D representations, and that a perceptually appropriate color map leads to fewer diagnostic mistakes than a rainbow color map. 相似文献
102.
Steinicke F Bruder G Kuhl S Willemsen P Lappe M Hinrichs KH 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2011,17(7):888-899
The display units integrated in today's head-mounted displays (HMDs) provide only a limited field of view (FOV) to the virtual world. In order to present an undistorted view to the virtual environment (VE), the perspective projection used to render the VE has to be adjusted to the limitations caused by the HMD characteristics. In particular, the geometric field of view (GFOV), which defines the virtual aperture angle used for rendering of the 3D scene, is set up according to the display field of view (DFOV). A discrepancy between these two fields of view distorts the geometry of the VE in a way that either minifies or magnifies the imagery displayed to the user. It has been shown that this distortion has the potential to affect a user's perception of the virtual space, sense of presence, and performance on visual search tasks. In this paper, we analyze the user's perception of a VE displayed in a HMD, which is rendered with different GFOVs. We introduce a psychophysical calibration method to determine the HMD's actual field of view, which may vary from the nominal values specified by the manufacturer. Furthermore, we conducted two experiments to identify perspective projections for HMDs, which are identified as natural by subjects--even if these perspectives deviate from the perspectives that are inherently defined by the DFOV. In the first experiment, subjects had to adjust the GFOV for a rendered virtual laboratory such that their perception of the virtual replica matched the perception of the real laboratory, which they saw before the virtual one. In the second experiment, we displayed the same virtual laboratory, but restricted the viewing condition in the real world to simulate the limited viewing condition in a HMD environment. We found that subjects evaluate a GFOV as natural when it is larger than the actual DFOV of the HMD--in some cases up to 50 percent--even when subjects viewed the real space with a limited field of view. 相似文献
103.
The basic scheduling problem we are dealing with is the following. There are n jobs, each requiring an identical execution time. All jobs have to be processed on a set of parallel machines. Preemptions
can be either allowed or forbidden. The aim is to construct a feasible schedule such that a given criterion is minimized.
In this paper, we survey existing approaches for the problem class considered. 相似文献
104.
Fast simulation (e.g., real-time) of flexible multibody systems is typically restricted by the presence of both differential
and algebraic equations in the model equations, and the number of degrees of freedom required to accurately model flexibility.
Model reduction techniques can alleviate the problem, although the classically used body-level model reduction and general-purpose
system-level techniques do not eliminate the algebraic equations and do not necessarily result in optimal dimension reduction.
In this research, Global Modal Parametrization, a model reduction technique for flexible multibody systems is further developed
to speed up simulation of flexible multibody systems. The reduction of the model is achieved by projection on a curvilinear
subspace instead of the classically used fixed vector space, requiring significantly less degrees of freedom to represent
the system dynamics with the same level of accuracy. The numerical experiment in this paper illustrates previously unexposed
sources of approximation error: (1) the rigid body motion is computed in a forward dynamical analysis resulting in a small
divergence of the rigid body motion, and (2) the errors resulting from the transformation from the modal degrees of freedom
of the reduced model back to the original degrees of freedom. The effect of the configuration space discretization coarseness
on the different approximation error sources is investigated. The trade-offs to be defined by the user to control these approximation
errors are explained. 相似文献
105.
106.
An obnoxious facility is to be located inside a polygonal region of the plane, maximizing the sum of the k smallest weighted Euclidean distances to n given points, each protected by some polygonal forbidden region. For the unweighted case and k fixed an O(n2logn) time algorithm is presented. For the weighted case a thorough study of the relevant structure of the multiplicatively weighted order-k-Voronoi diagram leads to the design of an O(kn3+n3logn) time algorithm for finding an optimal solution to the anti-t-centrum problem for every t=1,…,k, simultaneously. 相似文献
107.
108.
This paper presents a new approach to improve tool selection for arbitrary shaped pockets based on an approximate polygon subdivision technique. The pocket is subdivided into smaller sub-polygons and tools are selected separately for each sub-polygon. A set of tools for the entire pocket is obtained based on both machining time and the number of tools used. In addition, the sub-polygons are sequenced to eliminate the requirement of multiple plunging operations. In process planning for pocket machining, selection of tool sizes and minimizing the number of plunging operations can be very important factors. The approach presented in this paper is an improvement over previous work in its use of a polygon subdivision strategy to improve the machining time as well as reducing the number of plunges. The implementation of this technique suggests that using a subdivision approach can reduce machining time when compared to solving for the entire polygonal region. 相似文献
109.
Felix Bießmann Frank C. Meinecke Arthur Gretton Alexander Rauch Gregor Rainer Nikos K. Logothetis Klaus-Robert Müller 《Machine Learning》2010,79(1-2):5-27
Data recorded from multiple sources sometimes exhibit non-instantaneous couplings. For simple data sets, cross-correlograms may reveal the coupling dynamics. But when dealing with high-dimensional multivariate data there is no such measure as the cross-correlogram. We propose a simple algorithm based on Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis (kCCA) that computes a multivariate temporal filter which links one data modality to another one. The filters can be used to compute a multivariate extension of the cross-correlogram, the canonical correlogram, between data sources that have different dimensionalities and temporal resolutions. The canonical correlogram reflects the coupling dynamics between the two sources. The temporal filter reveals which features in the data give rise to these couplings and when they do so. We present results from simulations and neuroscientific experiments showing that tkCCA yields easily interpretable temporal filters and correlograms. In the experiments, we simultaneously performed electrode recordings and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in primary visual cortex of the non-human primate. While electrode recordings reflect brain activity directly, fMRI provides only an indirect view of neural activity via the Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) response. Thus it is crucial for our understanding and the interpretation of fMRI signals in general to relate them to direct measures of neural activity acquired with electrodes. The results computed by tkCCA confirm recent models of the hemodynamic response to neural activity and allow for a more detailed analysis of neurovascular coupling dynamics. 相似文献
110.
An advanced real-time workspace monitoring for parallel kinematic machines including tasks like self-calibration and exception
handling demands integrated sensors measuring the angular position of the robot joints. This work introduces a single-axis
MEMS fluxgate magnetometer developed for the specified application. The sensor is composed of high aspect ratio helical coils
with generating and sensing functions around an electrodeposited nickel–iron core featuring ferromagnetic behavior. The core
is designed in racetrack geometry causing an excellent directional sensitivity of the sensor for measuring the magnetic orientation
of permanent magnets which rotate on the joint shaft. This approach allows the real-time detection of the required joint angle
and the simplified analytical solution of direct kinematics. 相似文献