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81.
Nobukazu Kinomura Kiyoshi Onda Masayuki Kobayashi Nobuhiro Kumada Fumio Muto 《Journal of Materials Science》1989,24(5):1814-1818
Ion exchange of Na
x
WOP2O7 ·nH2O (x 1.4) prepared from WOP2O7 was attempted, using alkaline and alkaline earth ions. The degree of exchange was observed to be >50% at 90° C except for Mg2+. The basal spacing of ion-exchanged materials for the hydrated phase were dependent on the number of water molecules in the interlayer spaces, while those for the dehydrated phase increased with the size of ions in the interlayer spaces. The network of water molecules linked by the hydrogen bond in the interlayer spaces seems to determine the basal spacing. By the ion-exchange reaction,n-alkylammonium ions were intercalated into the interlayer spaces of Na
x
WOP2O7 ·nH2O (x 1.4) and Sn
x
H
y
WOP2O7 ·nH2O (2x +y 0.5). In spite of the difference in the charge density of the host layer, a similar arrangement of alkyl chains in the interlayer spaces resulted, and neutral amines were considered to be intercalated as well as ammonium ions. Direct reaction ofn-alkylamine with WOP2O7 produced an intercalation compound without reduction of tungsten. The arrangement of the amines in the interlayer spaces is similar to that supposed to the ion-exchanged derivatives when heated at 140° Cin vacuo. 相似文献
82.
Takaki Kanbara Takakazu Yamamoto Hiroyuki Ikawa Tomohiko Tagawa Hisao Imai 《Journal of Materials Science》1989,24(5):1552-1558
Porous and electrically conducting carbon-clay composites were prepared by firing mixtures of carbon powder (0 to 20 wt%) and clay minerals. They showed porosity of 50 to 65% and had high mechanical strength (compressive strength = 130 to 400 kg cm–2) as well as high resistance against thermal oxidation in air. Their electrical conductivity, , increased with increasing carbon content levelling off at about 20 wt% of carbon content to give a value of about 2 S cm–1. Formation of carbon chains is considered to be responsible for the electrical conduction in the composite, and a model to correlate the electrical conductivity with the carbon content has been proposed by modifying a model previously proposed by Scarisbrick. 相似文献
83.
We have measured the quenching rate of the Na 3P level and the doublet mixing rates of the Na 3P(3/2) and 3P(1/2) levels in a propane-air flame at atmospheric pressure. To obtain these rates, subnanosecond time-resolved fluorescence measurements were made using a mode-locked dye laser and the time-correlated single-photon counting method. Our results are 1.4 x 10(9) s(-1) for the quenching rate and 3.0 x 10(9) s(-1) for the 3P(3/2) --> 3P(1/2) mixing rate. 相似文献
84.
Optical pregroove dimensions: design considerations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
85.
Asako Yamamoto Lingli Yang Yasutaka Kuroda Jiao Guo Lanting Teng Daisuke Tsuruta Ichiro Katayama 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
As the outermost barrier of the body, skin is a major target of oxidative stress. In the brain, estrogen has been reported synthesized locally and protects neurons from oxidative stress. Here, we explored whether estrogen is also locally synthesized in the skin to protect from oxidative stress and whether aberrant local estrogen synthesis is involved in skin disorders. Enzymes and estrogen receptor expression in skin cells were examined first by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Interestingly, the estrogen synthesis enzyme was mainly localized in epidermal keratinocytes and estrogen receptors were mainly expressed in melanocytes among 13 kinds of cultured human skin cells. The most abundant estrogen synthesis enzyme expressed in the epidermis was 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17β1) localized in keratinocytes, and the most dominant estrogen receptor expressed in the epidermis was G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in melanocytes. To investigate whether keratinocyte-derived estradiol could protect melanocytes from oxidative stress, cultured human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEMn-MPs) were treated with H2O2 in the presence or absence of 17β estradiol or co-cultured with HSD17β1 siRNA-transfected keratinocytes. Keratinocyte-derived estradiol exhibited protective effects against H2O2-induced cell death. Further, reduced expression of HSD17β1 in the epidermis of skin from vitiligo patients was observed compared to the skin from healthy donors or in the normal portions of the skin in vitiligo patients. Our results suggest a possible new target for interventions that may be used in combination with current therapies for patients with vitiligo. 相似文献
86.
Min?-Ho?LeeEmail author Dong?-Joo?Yoon Dae?-Hee?Won Tae?-Sung?Bae Fumio?Watari 《Metals and Materials International》2003,9(1):35-42
In the present study, commercial pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy specimens with and without alkali and heat treatments were implanted
in the abdominal connective tissue of mice. Conventional stainless steel 316L was also implanted for comparison. After three
months, their biocompatibility was evaluated byin vitro andin vivo experiments. Surface structural changes of specimens due to the alkali treatment and soaking in Hank’s solution were analyzed
by XRD, SEM, XPS and AES. An apatite layer, which accelerates the connection with bone, was formed more easily on the alkali
treated specimens than the non-treated specimens. The number of macrophages, which is known to increase as the inflammatory
reaction proceeds, was much lower for the alkali and heat treated specimens than for the others. The average thickness of
the fibrous capsule formed around the implant was much thinner for the alkali and heat treated specimens than for the others. 相似文献
87.
The effect of the buffer capacity of test solution on the corrosion rate of cast pure (>99.95 mass%) and high-purity (>99.9999 mass%) magnesium, and AZ31 and AZ91E has been studied. Their corrosion rates were measured gravimetrically in a pH 6.5 and a pH 9 borate buffer including chloride ions, and in a conventional chloride solution. Except for the AZ91E in the pH 6.5, the corrosion rates of all the examined materials depended solely on the pH of the test solution, although the materials had a variety of purity and alloying elements. Higher buffer capacity probably masked the detrimental effect of the “cathodic impurities”. The corrosion rates measured in the buffers were considered as giving the resistivity of the passive film to anodic reactions. The high-purity magnesium had a fair corrosion resistance even in conventional chloride solution. 相似文献
88.
Tetrafluoroethylene–perfluoroalkyl vinylether copolymer (PFA) sheet surfaces were modified with argon, helium, oxygen, and hydrogen plasmas. How the four plasmas modified the PFA sheet surfaces was investigated. All plasmas modified the PFA surfaces and at the same time initiated degradation of the PFA polymer chains. The balance between modification and degradation was strongly influenced by the magnitude of the discharge current in the plasmas. Efficiency of the plasmas in modification was hydrogen plasma > oxygen plasma > argon plasma > helium plasma. The modification involved defluorination of CF2 carbons into CHF and CH2 carbons and oxidation into O? CH2, O? CHF, and O? CF2 groups. The surface‐modification technique (a combination of hydrogen plasma treatment and silane coupling treatment) proposed in this study was applied for copper metallization of the PFA surface. The utility of the technique was confirmed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1087–1097, 2002 相似文献
89.
Minoru Ueno Satoshi Yamamoto Kenjiro Meguro 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1974,51(8):373-376
Several salts of α,ω-sulfates, MO3SO(CH2)n OSO3M(n=12, 14, 16, 18, and M=Li, Na, and K) were prepared from the corresponding α,ω-alkane diols. The Krafft points of these
α,ω-sulfates with common counterion as estimated by electroconductivity measurements increased with the increase of the hydrocarbon
chain length, and the effect of the counterions on the Krafft points of the α,ω-sulfates with the same hydrocarbon chain length
was in the order : Li<Na<K. Solutions of the α,ω-sulfates, except disodium dodecanediol disulfate, showed two break points
corresponding to the first and second critical micelle concentration in each plot of the electroconductivity as a function
of the concentration. The existence of the second break point suggested that another aggregation of rearrangement of the existing
aggregates occurs in α,ω-sulfate solutions in addition to the usual micelle formation. The first and second break points of
α,ω-sulfates with sodium counterion decreased logarithmically with increasing total number of methylene groups. The relationships
were given as follows: log(first break point)=−0.138Nc−0.095; log(second break point)=−0.104Nc−0.251. The effect of the counterions
upon the break points of α,ω-sulfates with the same hydrocarbon chain length was in accordance with their positions in the
lyotropic series. 相似文献
90.
The NMR spectra of olefinic protons in the four representative conjugated fatty acid methyl esters, methylcis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoate, methyltrans-9,trans-11-octadecadienoate, methyl α eleostearate, and methyl β eleostearate, were studied. The chemical shift of each olefinic
proton in these compounds was determined by considering their intramolecular environment. Coupling constants were also obtained
as the results of spectral analysis. 相似文献