Assessment of conversion efficiency of Cr4+ ions by aliovalent cation additives in Cr:YAG ceramic for edge cladding

0.25at.% Cr:YAG ceramics were successfully fabricated as the edge cladding of Yb:YAG transparent ceramic slabs through vacuum sintering of co‐precipitated powders, using oxide additives to introduce different cations. The effects of various cation additives (Si⁴⁺, Ca²⁺, and Si⁴⁺ + Ca²⁺) on the conversion efficiency of Cr⁴⁺ ions and optical characteristics of the Cr:YAG edge cladding were investigated. Measurements of the absorption spectra of the Cr:YAG ceramics without any additives revealed 2 absorption bands centered at 430 nm and 600 nm, which imparted the sample with a green color. The introduction of only Si⁴⁺‐bearing additive did not promote the transition of Cr ions from the 3+ to 4+ state. Theoretical analysis and experimentation revealed that the addition of CaO not only enhanced the microstructure and improved the transmittance of the Cr:YAG ceramic, but also introduced vacancies that assisted in the formation of Cr⁴⁺ ions. It was determined that CaO has the same effect on the conversion efficiency of Cr⁴⁺ ions whether it is added as a single additive or in combination with SiO₂. The underlying mechanisms by which these aliovalent cation additives influence the formation of Cr⁴⁺ ions and affect optical properties are discussed in detail. High quality composite ceramics with Yb:YAG transparent ceramic slabs and dark brown‐colored Cr⁴⁺: YAG ceramic edge cladding were achieved through the addition of 0.05 wt.% CaO to the edge cladding, with no interfacial effects between the 2 regions being observed.     

Inhibition of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Synthesis Decreases Growth Rate and Membrane Fluidity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae</Emphasis> at Low Temperature

The intention of this study was to investigate the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the cold adaptation of Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae YM25235 by knockout of the Δ¹²/Δ¹⁵-fatty acid desaturase gene (RKD12) to inactivate Δ¹²/Δ¹⁵-fatty acid desaturase. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was used to detect the genomic structure of RKD12 gene in YM25235. The RKD12 gene was knocked out by DNA homologous recombination to inhibit the biosynthesis of PUFA. Then, the contents of linoleic acid (LNA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) after gene knockout were investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, followed by determination of the growth rate and membrane fluidity of YM25235 at low temperature. After PCR amplification, a 1611 bp genomic fragment was amplified from YM25235. When the RKD12 gene was knocked out, the contents of LNA and ALA in YM25235 significantly decreased. The growth rate and membrane fluidity of YM25235 decreased significantly at low temperature. Inhibition of PUFA biosynthesis by RKD12 gene knockout influenced cold adaptation of YM25235 by decreasing the PUFA content in cell membranes and reducing the growth rate and membrane fluidity of YM25235 at low temperature.     

袋式除尘器滤袋失效原因分析

随着袋式除尘器的适用范围不断扩大,作为核心部件的滤袋,过早的失效会造成设备维护量的增加,影响除尘器正常作业,增加运行成本等问题。本文通过对不同工程实例的总结,详细分析了滤袋的破损失效、烟气特性引起的滤袋化学失效、高温烟气引起的滤袋失效以及其他失效形式的原因。同时,提出了相应技术措施:(1)采用高温保护措施,保护滤袋不被氧化腐蚀;(2)根据烟气特性选择合适的滤袋,避免水漏除尘器设备内;(3)控制烟气温度,延长滤袋寿命;(4)通过温度、含湿量的控制,避免袋除尘器结露。     

填充Co的CoCrCuFeNi高熵合金扩散焊接头的组织和扩散机制

在850,950,1050和1100℃下,填充Co中间层对CoCrCuFeNi高熵合金（HEA）进行了扩散焊接,并对接头微观组织和扩散机制进行了分析。结果表明,在各温度下接头均形成了牢固的结合,接头无金属间化合物生成,高熵合金侧界面周围残留部分柯肯达尔孔。对Cr、Fe、Cu和Ni在Co填充层中的扩散系数进行了计算,排序如下：Cu>Cr>Fe>Ni。所有元素的扩散速度均在相同水平,CoCrCuFeNi高熵合金和Co填充层之间的扩散是在空位机制和晶界扩散机制的共同作用下发生的。     

复方中药对多囊卵巢综合征模型大鼠血清性激素、瘦素水平的影响

目的: 观察多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS) 模型大鼠血清性激素 T 、FSH 、LH 及瘦素(Leptin) 水平的变化, 探讨复方中药对 PCOS 模型大鼠生殖内分泌系统的影响。方法: 本实验采用 Poresky 法进行造模, 并分别以中药、西药(罗格列酮)、中西药联合用药治疗, 观察治疗后大鼠体重 、血清性激素及Leptin 水平的变化, 并进行 Leptin 水平与 FSH、LH 、LH/FSH 、T 、WEIGHT 的相关分析 。结果: 复方中药能降低血清 T 、LH 、Leptin 水平及 LH/FSH 比值, 且血清 Leptin 水平与 LH 、T 呈正相关。结论:复方中药能改善 PCOS 模型大鼠的生殖内分泌功能, 降低血清 Leptin 水平。     

TC11钛合金的真空渗碳工艺

研究了TC11钛合金经过不同温度、压力和时间真空渗碳后的渗层深度、表面硬度和显微组织。结果表明,提高温度、压力和延长时间可增加TC11钛合金渗碳层深度及表面硬度。TC11钛合金在1100 ℃×1.6 kPa×60 min条件下渗碳后,渗层深度约为0.25 mm,表面硬度约为470 HV0.2。     

一种新型喷射成形高温合金热变形机制

采用喷射成形技术制备一种新型镍基高温合金,并对其进行热等静压处理。在Gleeble-3500热力模拟试验机上进行热压缩试验,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）以及透射电镜（TEM）等方法对其变形机制进行研究。结果表明,高应变速率（10 s-1）下变形,摩擦产生的热量使试样的实际变形温度高于名义变形温度,促进了动态再结晶组织的形成;高应变速率下形成的孪晶可进一步激发滑移变形,而亚晶内形成的大量位错对变形起到协调作用,保证了变形顺利进行;建立了再结晶晶粒尺寸模型,表明随应变速率的增加,晶粒尺寸减小,合金变形能力增加,这与实验结果相一致。     

热轧过程中AZ31镁合金的组织及织构演变

对AZ31镁合金铸轧板进行单道次热轧实验,利用光学显微镜、X射线和透射电镜对热轧过程中微观组织和织构的演变规律进行研究。结果表明:AZ31镁合金铸轧板具有较强的基面织构,当热轧变形量较小时,孪生是主要的变形机制;当热轧变形量较大时,位错滑移成为主要的变形机制;10%热轧态中出现的透镜状的{1012}宽孪晶使基面织构明显减弱;20%热轧过程中则出现{1012}、{1011}-{1012}两种不同形貌的孪晶;当变形量大于20%时,位错滑移大量开动,基面织构也显著增强,并在随后的退火过程形成细小均匀的再结晶组织。     

试制X80输油气管线钢的包申格效应研究

研究某厂试生产的X80输油气管线钢的显微组织结构和常规力学性能。该钢板以针状铁素体组织为主 ,晶粒 12级。采用四点弯曲方法 ,模拟制管工艺进行钢板的包申格效应研究。在屈服变形阶段 ,随预变形量的增加 ,由包申格效应导致的屈服强度损失单调的增加 ,此现象与屈服过程中 ,钉扎位错的脱钉 ,形成大量有方向性的可动位错有关。按API标准 ,从试制的 610mm× 7.9mm螺旋钢管取样进行测试 ,结果发现钢管由包申格效应导致的屈服强度损失 ,除卷板头部和尾部略高外 ,沿板长平均在 5 5MPa至 75MPa之间。包申格效应的影响不可忽视     

用VC++6.0开发基于PC机的ZMS测控系统设计

文章介绍了一个ZMS综合模拟刹车试验台的测控系统。利用基于VC++编制的程序通过计算机和电路系统来控制试验机,实现对试验台的实时监控和试验数据的实时处理。使它成为一个自动化程度高、效率高、精度高的实验系统。