Darstellung komplexer Betriebsschlacken des LD-Verfahrens im Quasidreistoffsystem

Aus der Darstellung der Schlackenzusammensetzungen im Quasidreistoffsystem ist die Lage der Schlacken zur Kalksättigungslinie deutlich zu erkennen. Die Sublanzenschlacken lassen den Schlackenweg während der letzten Blasminuten erkennen, durch Bodenspülung und Nachspülen wird eine geringe Annäherung an die Kalksättigungslinie erreicht. Aus der Lage der Schlacken im Quasidreistoffsystem läßt sich der Einfluß der Temperatur auf den Verlauf der Kalksättigung entlang unterschiedlicher T-X-Schnitte bestimmen.     

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Brain Function and Neurological Disorders

As life expectancy has increased, particularly in developed countries, due to medical advances and increased prosperity, age-related neurological diseases and mental health disorders have become more prevalent health issues, reducing the well-being and quality of life of sufferers and their families. In recent decades, due to reduced work-related levels of physical activity, and key research insights, prescribing adequate exercise has become an innovative strategy to prevent or delay the onset of these pathologies and has been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits when used as a sole or combination treatment. Recent evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain are related to several underlying mechanisms related to muscle–brain, liver–brain and gut–brain crosstalk. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the most relevant current knowledge of the impact of exercise on mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, and to highlight the established and potential underlying mechanisms involved in exercise–brain communication and their benefits for physiology and brain function.     

Synthesis of transparent fluorocarbon elastomers: Effect of crosslinker type and electron beam irradiation level on physical and mechanical behavior

Saturated fluorocarbon elastomers are very resistant to chemical reactions, including those of a crosslinking nature. In order to study proper methods of preparing these materials, Viton GLT was mixed with various levels of trimethylol propane trimethacrylate, TMPTM, and triallyl isocyanurate, Diak #7. After molding, the materials were subjected to electron beam irradiation. The glass transition, rubbery modulus, viscoelastic behavior, and equilibrium swelling were used to characterize the materials as a function of crosslinker and irradiation level. In general, the modulus and gel fraction increased with both crosslinker content and irradiation level. Mixtures of both crosslinking monomers produced an unexpected synergism, yielding higher tensile strength, and earlier onset of gelation.     

Predictive Maintenance Management Using Sensor-Based Degradation Models

This paper presents a sensory-updated degradation-based predictive maintenance policy (herein referred to as the SUDM policy). The proposed maintenance policy utilizes contemporary degradation models that combine component-specific real-time degradation signals, acquired during operation, with degradation and reliability characteristics of the component's population to predict and update the residual life distribution (RLD). By capturing the latest degradation state of the component being monitored, the updating process provides a more accurate of the remaining life. With the aid of a stopping rule, maintenance routines are scheduled based on the most recently updated RLD. The performance of the proposed maintenance policy is evaluated using a simulation model of a simple manufacturing cell. Frequency of unexpected failures and overall maintenance costs are computed and compared with two other benchmark maintenance policies: a reliability-based and a conventional degradation-based maintenance policy (without any sensor-based updating).     

Purification, characterization, and high performance liquid chromatography assay of Salmonella glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from the cloned rfbF gene

We report the purification and characterization of glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, the first of five enzymes committed to biosynthesis of CDP-D-abequose from Salmonella enterica strain LT2. The purification was greatly facilitated by using a cloned rfbF gene encoding this enzyme. Pure enzyme was obtained by 64-fold enrichment in three chromatography steps. The NH2-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme was in agreement with the sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the rfbF gene. The SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis estimated subunit M(r) of 31,000 agrees well with the M(r) of 29,035 calculated from the amino acid composition deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the rfbF gene. The glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase catalyzes a reversible bimolecular group transfer reaction and steady-state kinetic measurements, including product inhibition patterns, indicate that this reaction proceeds by a "ping-pong" type of mechanism. The Km values for CTP, alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, CDP-D-glucose, and pyrophosphate are 0.28, 0.64, 0.11, and 1.89 mM, respectively.     

The role of zinc in pre- and postnatal mammalian thymic immunohistogenesis

Histogenetically, the thymus is the primary lymphopoietic organ and provides an optimal microenvironment for the differentiation of T lymphocytes, independently of the influence of foreign antigens. Lymphocytes with diverse potential are produced in a protective microenvironment optimal for their maturation, whose dual cellular network is provided by endodermally derived RE cells and numerous ectomesenchymal cells derived from the neural crest. The full development of intrathymic hematopoiesis depends upon the successful completion of a series of well coordinated cellular interactions between widely divergent (in terms of origin) cells [epithelium (primitive pharynx); ectomesenchyrne (neural crest); and PHSCs (yolk sac, fetal liver)]. The cells of the thymic epithelial primordium do not proliferate in the absence of "inductive" interactions with the ectomesenchyme. Moreover, the nature of the mesenchyme determines the behavior of the thymic epithelial anlagen. The ectomesenchymal origin of chemotactic stem cell factor secretion, responsible for hemopoietic stem cell immigration, is a distinct possibility. The human thymus is a generalized hematopoietic tissue with between 7 to 9 weeks of ontogenesis. In human and dog fetuses various elements of mammalian hematopoiesis were identified intrathymically: B lymphocytes, plasma cells, erythropoietic and granulocytopoietic (neutrophils and eosinophils) cells, antigen presenting dendritic cells, and mast cells. Our light and ultrastructural (transmission and scanning), as well as immunocytochemical observations have established that during the embryonal and fetal period, the thymus is seeded by pluripotent, yolk sac derived PHSCs characterized by the following immunophenotype CD34+CD43+CD38-Lin-HLA-DR+CD69+. Stem cell c-kit tyrosine kinase (also referred to as mast cell growth factor, stem cell factor, or steel factor) in combination with autocrine and paracrine growth factors and cytokines (IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, G-CSF, etc.) stimulates myelopoiesis, including erythropoiesis, as well as lymphopoiesis. These hematopoietic growth factors are produced by activated lymphoblastic cells and stromal RE cells under the influence of immunoneuroendocrine regulation, supported by the finding that experimental or spontaneous, in vivo neural crest ablation during early mammalian ontogenesis always results in an abnormal development of the thymus, as well as the heart and great vessels, thyroid, and parathyroid glands.     

Controlled modification of the expansion order as a tool in mie computations

In the framework of Mie theory the involved electromagnetic fields are expanded in an infinite series of multipoles. In numerical computations the summation has to be terminated after a finite number of terms (the expansion order N), which unavoidably produces errors. On the other hand, it is known that the contributions of terms of order l with x 相似文献