BR-Mediated Protein S-Nitrosylation Alleviated Low-Temperature Stress in Mini Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)

Brassinosteroids (BRs), a novel plant hormone, are widely involved in plant growth and stress response processes. Nitric oxide (NO), as an important gas signaling molecule, can regulate target protein activity, subcellular localization and function in response to various stresses through post-translational S-nitrosylation modifications. However, the relationship between BR and NO in alleviating low-temperature stress of mini Chinese cabbage remains unclear. The hydroponic experiment combined with the pharmacological and molecular biological method was conducted to study the alleviating mechanism of BR at low temperature in mini Chinese cabbage. The results showed that low temperature inhibited the growth of mini Chinese cabbage seedlings, as evidenced by dwarf plants and yellow leaves. Treatment with 0.05 mg/L BR and 50 µM NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) significantly increased the leaf area, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, dry and fresh weight and proline content. Meanwhile, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in 0.05 mg/L BR- and 50 µM GSNO-treated leaves were significantly lower than those in other treated leaves under low-temperature conditions. In addition, BR and GSNO applications induced an increase in NO and S-nitrosothiol (SNO) levels in vivo under low-temperature stress. Similarly, spraying BR after the elimination of NO also increased the level of S-nitrosylation in vivo, while spraying GSNO after inhibiting BR biosynthesis decreased the level of NO and SNO in vivo. In contrast, the S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (BrGSNOR) relative expression level and GSNOR enzyme activity were downregulated and inhibited by BR treatment, GSNO treatment and spraying BR after NO clearance, while the relative expression level of BrGSNOR was upregulated and GSNOR enzyme activity was also increased when spraying GSNO after inhibiting BR synthesis. Meanwhile, the biotin switch assay showed that exogenous BR increased the level of total nitrosylated protein in vivo under low-temperature stress. These results suggested that BR might act as an upstream signal of NO, induced the increase of NO content in vivo and then induced the protein S-nitrosylation modification to alleviate the damage of mini Chinese cabbage seedlings under low-temperature stress.     

Cyt-C Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway Plays an Important Role in Oocyte Apoptosis in Ricefield Eel (Monopterus albus)

Apoptosis plays a key role in the effective removal of excessive and defective germ cells, which is essential for sequential hermaphroditism and sex change in vertebrates. The ricefield eel, Monopterus albus is a protogynous hermaphroditic fish that undergoes a sequential sex change from female to male. Previous studies have demonstrated that apoptosis is involved in sex change in M. albus. However, the apoptotic signaling pathway is unclear. In the current study, we explored the underlying mechanism of apoptosis during gonadal development and focused on the role of the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway in sex change in M. albus. Flow cytometry was performed to detect apoptosis in gonads at five sexual stages and ovary tissues exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in vitro. Then the expression patterns of key genes and proteins in the mitochondrial pathway, death receptor pathway and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathway were examined. The results showed that the apoptosis rate was significantly increased in the early intersexual stage and then decreased with the natural sex change from female to male. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that bax, tnfr1, and calpain were mainly expressed in the five stages. ELISA demonstrated that the relative content of cytochrome-c (cyt-c) in the mitochondrial pathway was significantly higher than that of caspase8 and caspase12, with a peak in the early intersexual stage, while the levels of caspase8 and caspase12 peaked in the late intersexual stage. Interestingly, the Pearson’s coefficient between cyt-c and the apoptosis rate was 0.705, which suggests that these factors are closely related during the gonadal development of M. albus. Furthermore, the cyt-c signal was found to be increased in the intersexual stage by immunohistochemistry. After incubation with H₂O₂, the mRNA expression of mitochondrial pathway molecules such as bax, apaf-1, and caspase3 increased in ovary tissues. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway may play a more important role than the other apoptotic pathways in sex change in M. albus.     

先秦台型建筑(连载七)

该文对中国先秦台型建筑的渊源及其演变通过对相关文献研究中的引得作了系统的疏理。     

分布式组件架构的信息化系统开发平台设计与实现

随着互联网技术的快速发展,新技术的不断出现,信息平台也需要不断升级更新以适应更多元化的需求和更大量的数据。传统的信息化开发平台受限于当时技术的发展,采用前后端结合的开发模式,在一些功能上前后端互相限制,使得在大量数据交互时效率不高,而且平台在维护升级时工作量大等等。本文设计了采用前后端分离实现的方式设计实现的新型平台,前后端分离的方法可以使后端服务组件分布式布置,提供更高效、规范的服务,前端通过调用不同组件实现各种功能,以提供底层技术架构和通用模块,可以让开发人员把精力更多的集中于业业务。并在此基础上阐述了设计目标、架构设计及功能设计等几个方面。     

塔河凝析油混掺重质油稳定性研究

塔河油田外输重质油高含沥青质,与凝析油进行混掺输送过程中极易发生沥青质沉积,堵塞储罐及地面输送管线。在对油品胶体稳定性影响因素以及胶体稳定性理论认识的基础上,将塔河外输重质原油与凝析油按不同比例混合,通过斑点实验对混合样品进行相容性分析,给出定性结论,然后对混合原油稳定性参数进行测定,得到相容性量化数据,并确定2种原油相容时的合理配比范围,为有效解决不同油品掺混输送问题提供了理论指导。     

非水基凝胶注模成形高速钢粉末的研究

采用自主开发的非水基凝胶注模工艺,对高速钢粉末进行了凝胶注模的研究。所开发的非水基凝胶注模体系能够为金属粉末的成形开辟一种新型的方法。     

Energy Model for UAV Communications:Experimental Validation and Model Generalization

Wireless communication involving un-manned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is expected to play an important role in future wireless networks.However,different from conve...     

板带轧制过程温度场有限元模拟及影响因素分析(Ⅱ)

采用弹塑性大变形热力耦合有限元法研究了钢板热轧过程,侧重计算轧件厚向温度分布,并分析了热传导模型、轧辊温度变化对计算结果的影响.计算结果与实验结果比较符合.