直接三维中子输运特征线法并行计算软件的实现

作为中子输运问题的一种重要确定论方法,特征线法（MOC）具有强几何适应性、计算流程简洁、易于大规模并行的优点。ANT-MOC是自主开发的中国数值反应堆1.0（CVR1.0）中的三维特征线法中子输运计算程序,主要用于压水堆、快堆的堆芯输运计算。ANT-MOC支持基于构造实体几何（CSG）的复杂几何建模、高效的用户输入方式、面向矩形/六边形网格的射线追踪算法,以及基于轨迹链分解的并行算法和负载平衡策略。在国产超算上,ANT-MOC可以扩展到约10万处理器核,并行效率在50%以上。针对压水堆、快堆计算问题进行验证和参数敏感性分析,结果表明ANT-MOC计算结果具有较好的稳定性和准确度。     

船用电缆剩余寿命快速检测方法研究

为快速检测船用电缆的剩余使用寿命,尝试应用硬度这一可以快速检测的特征量来建立一种船舶电缆绝缘老化寿命快速检测方法。对船用丁苯橡胶电缆开展了加速老化实验,并对老化后的试样进行了硬度测试,并对所得数据进行处理,提出基于硬度的船用电缆剩余寿命快速检测方法,最后通过标准的基于断裂伸长保留率的寿命检测方法对所提出的快速检测方法进行检验。结果表明,2种方法具有高度的一致性,从而为船用电缆剩余寿命快速评估提供一种新的思路。     

基于思维进化的机器学习的遮挡人脸识别

针对遮挡人脸的识别问题,提出了基于思维进化的机器学习(MEBML)与局部特征结合的方法。首先提出了LBP偏移特征组的提取方法,定义一种新的特征对比规则,根据遮挡人脸图像与无遮挡人脸图像的局部特征进行对比,记录对比相似度作为局部区域的得分。然后对所有局部区域进行趋同过程和异化过程的演化,得到无遮挡区域及遮挡物体区域。当无遮挡区域满足一定比例且分布集中时,应用该区域特征完成遮挡人脸条件下的人脸识别。实验结果表明:新方法的遮挡人脸识别准确率在92%以上,并具有较低的误识率。     

交互式计算类电子练习平台的开发研究

在计算机上实现工程力学类计算练习一直是教学上的一个难题,通过研究和实践介绍了交互式计算类电子练习平台的系统概况和开发难点,并首次实现了工程流体力学主观型计算题的机上练习,从实际的开发过程和其后的应用结果来看,所提出的系统结构思路正确,效果良好。     

食品接触材料中污染物分析技术的研究进展

对食品接触材料中可能产生的食品污染物及其分析技术进行综述,重点介绍了抗氧化剂、有意添加物、非有意添加物（NIAS）、低聚物、挥发性气味物质等污染物,以及其定性分析技术（挥发性有机化合物、非挥发性有机化合物）、表面分析技术及定量分析技术,以期为食品接触材料的质量管控及食品安全的监管提供技术参考。     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N‐Substituted Sophocarpinic Acid Derivatives as Coxsackievirus B3 Inhibitors

A series of novel N‐substituted sophocarpinic acid derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti‐enteroviral activities against coxsackievirus type B3 (CVB3) and coxsackievirus type B6 (CVB6) in Vero cells. Structure–activity relationship analysis revealed that the introduction of a benzenesulfonyl moiety on the 12‐nitrogen atom in (E)‐β,γ‐sophocarpinic acid might significantly enhance anti‐CVB3 activity. Among the derivatives, (E)‐12‐N‐(m‐cyanobenzenesulfonyl)‐β,γ‐sophocarpinic acid ( 11 m ), possessing a meta‐cyanobenzenesulfonyl group, exhibited potent activity against CVB3 with a selectivity index (SI) of 107. Furthermore, compound 11 m also showed a good oral pharmacokinetic profile, with an AUC value of 7.29 μM h^?1 in rats, and good safety through the oral route in mice, with an LD₅₀ value of >1000 mg kg^?1; these values suggest a druggable characteristic. Therefore, compound 11 m was selected for further investigation as a promising CVB3 inhibitor. We consider (E)‐β,γ‐N‐(benzenesulfonyl)sophocarpinic acids to be a novel class of anti‐CVB3 agents.     

CuO‐filled aminomethylated polysulfone hybrid membranes for deep desulfurization

CuO‐filled aminomethylated polysulfone hybrid membranes were prepared for sulfur removal from gasoline. The as‐prepared membranes were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The separation performance of the hybrid membranes was evaluated by pervaporation (PV) separation of n‐heptane/thiophene binary mixture. CuO‐filling leads to a decrease in permeation flux. The sulfur‐enrichment factor increased first and then decreased with increasing CuO loading, and it is worth noting that there is a rebound in enrichment factor above 8 wt % CuO loading. Influencing factors such as nitrogen content, feed temperature, sulfur content, and various hydrocarbons on membrane PV performance were also evaluated. Permeation flux of 23.9 kg·μm·m^?2·h^?1 and sulfur‐enrichment factor of 3.9 can be achieved at 4 wt % CuO loading in PV of n‐heptane/thiophene binary mixture with 1500 μg·g^?1 sulfur content. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3718–3725, 2013     

Numerical simulation on residual wall thickness of tubes with dimensional transitions and curved sections in water‐assisted injection molding

Residual wall thickness is an important indicator which aims at measuring the quality of water‐assisted injection molding (WAIM) parts. The changes of residual wall thickness around dimensional transitions and curved sections are particularly significant. Free interface of the water/melt two‐phase was tracked by volume of fluid (VOF) method. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to simulate the residual wall thickness, and the results corresponded with that of experiments. The results showed that the penetration of water at the long straight sections was steady, and the distribution of the residual wall thickness was uniform. However, there was melt accumulation phenomenon at the dimensional transitions, and the distribution of the residual wall thickness wasn't uniform. Adding fillet at the dimensional transitions could improve the uniformity of the residual wall thickness distribution, and effectively reduce water fingering. Additionally, at the curved sections, the residual wall thickness of the outer wall was always greater than that of the inner wall, and the fluctuations of the residual wall thickness difference were small. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Spark Plasma Sintering of Superhard B4C–ZrB2 Ceramics by Carbide Boronizing

A carbide boronizing method was first developed to produce dense boron carbide‐ zirconium diboride (“B₄C”–ZrB₂) composites from zirconium carbide (ZrC) and amorphous boron powders (B) by Spark Plasma Sintering at 1800°C–2000°C. The stoichiometry of “B₄C” could be tailored by changing initial boron content, which also has an influence on the processing. The self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis could be ignited by 1 mol ZrC and 6 mol B at around 1240°C, whereas it was suppressed at a level of 10 mol B. B₈C–ZrB₂ ceramics sintered at 1800°C with 1 mole ZrC and 10 mole B exhibited super high hardness (40.36 GPa at 2.94 N and 33.4 GPa at 9.8 N). The primary reason for the unusual high hardness of B₈C–ZrB₂ ceramics was considered to be the formation of nano‐sized ZrB₂ grains.     

Catalytic effect of potassium carbonate on carbothermic production of hexagonal boron nitride

Effect of potassium carbonate addition on the carbothermic formation of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) was investigated by keeping the K₂CO₃ added B₂O₃+C mixtures in nitrogen atmosphere at 1400 °C for 40–160 min. K₂CO₃ amount was varied in the range of 10–60 wt% of the B₂O₃+C mixture. Products were subjected to XRD and quantitative analyses, SEM and TEM observations, and particle size measurement. Amount of hBN increased considerably with K₂CO₃ addition; also particle size and crystallinity improved. Catalytic role of K₂CO₃ was suggested as forming a potassium borate melt in which hBN particles form, in addition to carbothermic formation reaction. Effect of K₂CO₃ on increasing the hBN amount decreased when it was used over 40%. This was attributed to the rapid evaporation of the formed potassium borate liquid.