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161.
The previously unknown linoleic acid peroxidation product 9,12-dioxo-10(Z)-decenoic acid (Z5) was detected in lentil seed fluor (Lens culinaris Medik.) by electron impact mass spectrometry (El-MS) after derivatization with pentafluorobenzyl-hydroxylamine-hydrochloride,
methylation of acidic groups with diazomethane, and protection of hydroxylic groups with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide. The structure of the natural product was confirmed by synthesis of Z5, 9,12-dioxo-10(E)-decenoic acid, and derivatives. EI-MS, nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatographic data of these compounds and synthetic
intermediates are discussed. 相似文献
162.
Gerhard Weck 《Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD》2007,31(2):84-86
Zusammenfassung Der vom Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (BSI) entwickelte Ansatz des IT-Grundschutzes war bereits Gegenstand
von Beitr?gen in der DuD. Inzwischen hat das „Grundschutzhandbuch“ Eingang in die internationale Standard-Familie ISO 2700x
gefunden. Der Autor berichtet über die Erfahrungen mit den ersten durchgeführten Zertifizierungen nach dem neuen ISO-Standard
auf der Basis von IT-Grundschutz.
Dr. Gerhard Weck: Leiter IT Security Consulting. der INFODAS GmbH K?ln. Derzeitiger Arbeitsschwerpunkt: Entwicklung und Vermittlung
von Sicherheitskonzepten. Lizenzierter ISO 27001/IT-Grundschutz-Auditor. Autor bzw. Koautor mehrerer Bücher. Fellow der GI.
Mitglied des Pr?sidiums-Arbeitskreises „Datenschutz und IT-Sicherheit“ der GI, Sprecher der Security SIG der HP User Society
DECUS München e.V. 相似文献
163.
Ruth Breu Gerhard Popp Muhammad Alam 《International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT)》2007,9(5-6):457-470
In this paper we present a novel approach for the specification of user rights in the context of an object oriented use case driven development process. Basically, we extend the specification of methods by a permission section describing the right of some actor to call the method of an object. Our approach is both role based and context based while allowing for permissions to be specified at a fine-grained data-dependent level. We use first-order logic with a built-in notion of objects and classes (provided with an algebraic semantics) as our syntactic and semantic framework. In the second part of the paper, we demonstrate the application of this approach in a model-based context to generate permissions in distributed peer-to-peer networks. 相似文献
164.
In this paper we develop an easily applicable algorithmic technique/tool for developing approximation schemes for certain types of combinatorial optimization problems. Special cases that are covered by our result show up in many places in the literature. For every such special case, a particular rounding trick has been implemented in a slightly different way, with slightly different arguments, and with slightly different worst case estimations. Usually, the rounding procedure depended on certain upper or lower bounds on the optimal objective value that have to be justified in a separate argument. Our easily applied result unifies many of these results, and sometimes it even leads to a simpler proof. 相似文献
165.
Per Carlbring Eva Björnstjerna Anna F. Bergström Johan Waara Gerhard Andersson 《Computers in human behavior》2007
This experimental analog component study compared two ways of administrating relaxation, either via a computer or by a therapist. The second phase of applied relaxation was used, which is called “release-only relaxation”. Sixty participants from a student population were randomized to one of three groups: computer-administered relaxation, therapist-administered relaxation, or a control group in which participants surfed on the Internet. Outcome was measures using psychophysiological responses and self-report. Objective psychophysiological data and results on the subjective visual analogue scale suggest that there was no difference between the two forms of administration. Both experimental groups became significantly more relaxed than the control group that surfed on the Internet. Practical applications and future directions are discussed. 相似文献
166.
Per Carlbring Sara Brunt Susanne Bohman David Austin Jeffrey Richards Lars-Göran Öst Gerhard Andersson 《Computers in human behavior》2007
The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Internet administered questionnaires used in panic research. Included were 494 people who had registered for an Internet-based treatment program for panic disorder (PD). Participants were randomly assigned to fill in the questionnaires either on the Internet or the paper-and-pencil versions, and then to fill in the same questionnaires again the next day using the other format. The questionnaires were the body sensations questionnaire [BSQ; Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G. C., Bright, P., & Gallagher, R. (1984). Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: the body sensations questionnaire and the agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 1090–1097], agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire [ACQ; Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G. C., Bright, P., & Gallagher, R. (1984). Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: the body sensations questionnaire and the agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 1090–1097], mobility inventory [MI; Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G., Jasin, S., Gracely, E. J., & Williams, C. (1985). The mobility inventory for agoraphobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 35–44], beck anxiety inventory [BAI; Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897], beck depression inventory II [Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1996). Beck Depression Inventory. Manual, Svensk version (Swedish version). Fagernes, Norway: Psykologiförlaget, AB], quality of life inventory [QOLI; Frisch, M. B., Cornell, J., Villanueva, M., & Retzlaff, P. J. (1992). Clinical validation of the quality of life inventory. A measure of life satisfaction for use in treatment planning and outcome assessment. Psychological Assessment, 4, 92–101], and montgomery Åsberg depression rating scale [MADRS; Svanborg, P., & Åsberg, M. (1994). A new self-rating scale for depression and anxiety states based on the comprehensive psychopathological rating scale. ACTA Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 89, 21–28]. Results showed largely equivalent psychometric properties for the two administration formats (Cronbach’s α between 0.79 and 0.95). The results also showed high and significant correlations between the Internet and the paper-and-pencil versions. Analyses of order effects showed an interaction effect for the BSQ and the MI (subscale Accompanied), a main effect was identified for ACQ, MI-Alone, BAI and BDI II. However, in contrast to previous research, the Internet version did not consistently generate higher scores and effect sizes for the differences were generally low. Given the presence of an interaction effect, we recommend that the administration format should be stable in research across measurement points. Finally, the findings suggest that Internet versions of questionnaires used in PD research can be used with confidence. 相似文献
167.
To produce high stressed automotive components like engine frames and cylinder heads in foundry industry often AlSi7Mg alloys are used. During mould filling and casting melt flow affects the development of the microstructure, which defines the mechanical properties. In this paper the microstructure formation in AlSi7Mg0.3 and AlSi7Mg0.6 alloys during directional solidification is investigated. To induce a forced melt flow a rotating magnetic field is applied. For that purpose a Bridgman‐type gradient furnace is equipped with a rotary ring magnet. For detailed investigation of the shape of the solid‐liquid interface and the primary dendrite spacing a decanting device is used. As a result, the forced melt flow substantially changes the dendritic solidification microstructure. The rotating magnetic field generates a radial secondary flow in and ahead of the mushy zone, which causes an enrichment of eutectics in the centre of the samples. At lower solidification velocities this locally leads to the transition to mixed columnar‐equiaxed or even to equiaxed growth. In that case the solid‐liquid interfaces of the decanted samples show a significant depression in the centre part. In the out‐of‐centre region columnar growth still exists and the primary dendrite spacing decreases with increasing melt flow. 相似文献
168.
In order to produce new high Mn‐high C austenitic steels (Rm>700 MPa), different tests and methods were used to determine a suitable window of process parameters. In‐situ melting hot tensile tests and hot compression tests were carried out to investigate the hot ductility, fracture characteristics and flow behaviour during continuous casting and hot deformation of 3 steels with Mn and C contents between 9‐23% and 0.6‐0.9%, respectively. The results show that these steels are susceptible to interdendritic fracture at high temperatures. Decreasing Mn content improves the reduction of area at high temperatures to 60% or more. Hot deformation loads for processing the investigated steels are not higher in comparison to the stainless steel 1.4301. 相似文献
169.
Markus Karner Andreas Gehring Stefan Holzer Mahdi Pourfath Martin Wagner Wolfgang Goes Martin Vasicek Oskar Baumgartner Christian Kernstock Klaus Schnass Gerhard Zeiler Tibor Grasser Hans Kosina Siegfried Selberherr 《Journal of Computational Electronics》2007,6(1-3):179-182
We present the Vienna Schrödinger-Poisson Solver (VSP), a multi-purpose quantum mechanical solver for investigations on nano-scaled device structures. VSP includes a quantum mechanical solver for closed as well as open boundary problems on fairly arbitrary one-dimensional cross sections within the effective mass framework. For investigations on novel gate dielectrics VSP holds models for bulk and interface trap charges, and direct and trap assisted tunneling. Hetero-structured semiconductor devices, like resonant tunneling diodes (RTD), can be treated within the closed boundary model for quick estimation of resonant energy levels. The open boundary model allows evaluation of current voltage characteristics. 相似文献
170.
Dirty RF: A New Paradigm 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gerhard Fettweis Michael Löhning Denis Petrovic Marcus Windisch Peter Zillmann Wolfgang Rave 《International Journal of Wireless Information Networks》2007,14(2):133-148
The implementation challenge for new low-cost low-power wireless modem transceivers has continuously been growing with increased
modem performance, bandwidth, and carrier frequency. Up to now we have been designing transceivers in a way that we are able
to keep the analog (RF) problem domain widely separated from the digital signal processing design. However, with today’s deep
sub-micron technology, analog impairments – “dirt effects” – are reaching a new problem level which requires a paradigm shift
in the design of transceivers. Examples of these impairments are phase noise, non-linearities, I/Q imbalance, ADC impairments,
etc. In the world of “Dirty RF” we assume to design digital signal processing such that we can cope with a new level of impairments,
allowing lee-way in the requirements set on future RF sub-systems. This paper gives an overview of the topic and presents
analytical evaluations of the performance losses due to RF impairments as well as algorithms that allow to live with imperfect
RF by compensating the resulting error effects using digital baseband processing. 相似文献