Instrumental Learning Within the Rat Spinal Cord: Localization of the Essential Neural Circuit.

Following spinal transection of the upper thoracic spinal cord, male Sprague-Dawley rats given legshock whenever a hindlimb is extended learn to maintain the leg in a flexed position. The region of the cord that mediates this instrumental learning was isolated using neuroanatomical tracing, localized infusion of lidocaine, and surgical transections. DiI and Fluoro-Gold microinjection at the site of shock application labeled motor neuron bodies of lamina IX in the lower lumbar region. Local application of the Na++ channel blocker lidocaine disrupted learning when it was applied over a region extending from the lower lumbar (L3) to upper sacral (S2) cord. The drug had no effect rostral or caudal to this region. Surgical transections as low as L4 had no effect on learning. Learning also survived a dual transection at L4 and S3, but not L4 and S2. The results suggest that the essential neural circuit lies between L4 and S3. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

山特维克:再守护瑞典国宝“瓦萨”号150年

<正>瑞典山特维克为瑞典国宝"瓦萨"号(VASA)战舰更换5 000枚已经腐朽的螺栓,并承诺将再守护"瓦萨"号至少150年。位于瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩的瓦萨博物馆中,存放着曾经沉睡在波罗的海底三个多世纪的"瓦萨"号战舰。然而,若要子孙后辈都有机会见证这段瑞典的"活历史","瓦萨"号却面临着     

PPG在上海举办紧固件电泳漆推介会

<正>最近,PPG工业涂料事业部在上海成功举办了紧固件电泳漆推介会,向来自国内外知名汽车制造企业嘉宾和媒体代表介绍了PPG业内领先的电泳漆及其在紧固件涂装领域的优势。"紧固件是PPG近年重点关注的市场之一,"PPG中国区工业涂料总经理蒋永辉表示,"我们希望通过举办这种面对面的交流、互动活动,让更多的企业了解我们产     

斯道拉恩索将在美国投资建造生物质可再生材料示范工厂

<正>最近,全球性生物质材料、纸张、包装和林木制品的创想者斯道拉恩索(Stora Enso)宣布,将投资3200万欧元(约合2.53亿人民币)在美国路易斯安那州雷斯兰市建造一家生物质可再生材料示范性市场开发工厂,以对其新近全资收购的美国生物技术公司Virdia所开发的先进纤维素类生物质提取分离技术进行工业验证,助力斯道拉恩索生物质材料事业部在生物化学和生物质材料领域的发展壮大。斯道拉恩索集团已经以总值     

巴斯夫在吉林省加强开展汽车与农业领域的本地合作

<正>最近,巴斯夫在与吉林省政府领导的会面上宣布,加强与吉林省当地企业和机构的合作,共同为汽车行业及农业领域打造创新解决方案。巴斯夫与一汽集团签署一汽红旗平台战略合作协议。吉林省委副书记、省长景俊海及政府代表,双方公司代表见证了签字仪式。     

Effect of temperature on the dielectric properties of low acyl gellan gel

Gellan gum is an increasingly popular and a naturally occurring hydrocolloid. It is widely used in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries as a stabilizer, emulsifier, thickener, and gelling agent. The gel is also used as a model material to study microwave heating dynamics of biological materials in the food processing industry. In this study, baseline data on dielectric properties of 1% gellan gel containing 0.17% and 0.3% CaCl₂ were collected at frequencies between 0.2 and 20 GHz and temperatures between 10 and 100 °C. These data are compared with those of distilled water containing similar ionic concentrations. Models describing the behavior of the dielectric constant, loss factor, loss tangent and the penetration depth for 0.2–3.2 GHz were developed. These models can be effectively used in microwave food processing applications of gellan gel, which will save considerable time and effort often used in empirically determining the dielectric spectra.     

ARCHROMA前瞻性的水处理设施在巴基斯坦投产

<正>昂高(Archroma)公司最近宣该污水处理厂占地1.67万布,首家实现可持续污水处理的设m2,通过絮凝、均化、表层曝气、净施在位于巴基斯坦贾姆肖罗市化、超滤和反渗透等工艺,生成无(Jamshoro)的纺织化学品厂投入使色的水,其中COD(化学需氧量)和用。该设施投资高达3.71亿巴基TDS(总可溶解颗粒物)低于7.5×斯坦卢比,不仅支持80%水的实质10-5。性回收,而且还能够实现零液体排Archroma集团首席执行官放的污水处理     

科莱恩与Elevance共同开发面向个人护理行业高性能绿色润肤剂

<正>最近,科莱恩公司与Elevance可再生科学公司共同开发了面向个人护理行业的高性能绿色润肤剂并将其商业化,将双方的长期合作伙伴关系推上了一个新的台阶。配方设计师和消费者都十分关注个人护理产品中使用的有机硅和其他石化成分。有机硅被广泛应用于护肤护发产品,以满足消费者对于易于涂抹、深层调理、富有光泽和持久柔软触感的需求,但是人们越来越多地认识到