金沙江乌东德水电站大坪地滑坡稳定性研究

介绍了大坪地滑坡区的地形地貌与地层岩性,阐述了该滑坡体的变形特征,结合大坪地滑坡的计算模型,分析了库水升降作用对滑坡稳定性的影响,该分析成果将对该库区的滑坡防治提供一定的参考。     

城市污水处理厂生物气应用安全性分析

厌氧污泥生物气的应用能够节约能源、降低环境污染,但在其应用过程中可能由于各种因素的共同作用而引发一定的安全隐患。结合石家庄市桥东污水处理厂生物气应用实例,分析了运行中出现的事故隐患成因及危害,有针对性地提出了解决的措施。     

暴雨过后地下车库上浮原因分析及处理

上海某住宅小区地下车库在暴雨过后出现局部上浮,导致框架柱、顶板出现裂缝的现象。针对该突发情况,进行了原因分析,在不影响建设单位使用功能和总体安排的条件下提出了经济、快捷、实用的处理措施,保证了地下车库的安全使用。     

基于经济安全系数比的隧道穿越超浅埋大偏压段方案优化研究

在黄土高原地区,由于沟壑众多,在隧道选线过程中出现了一种最不利的地形条件,即隧道需穿越超浅埋大偏压地段。为了研究其经济、安全、可靠的穿越方案,提出经济安全系数比的概念及计算原理。对隧道穿越超浅埋大偏压段的方案先进行设计,然后采用有限元强度折减法和相关定额计算出各方案的经济安全系数比,并结合数值模拟方法对3种典型穿越方案下的隧道围岩应力、洞室变形和初期支护应力等进行计算分析。经过综合对比,得出按反压法设计的穿越方案最优。该方案既有利于超浅埋大偏压隧道的整体稳定,又有利于减少工程造价。     

非接触式位移/应变视频测量系统在弯曲试验中的应用

在弯曲梁试验中运用了非接触式位移/应变视频测量系统,对其跨中挠度及梁侧混凝土应变进行测量,同时使用应变片在梁的另一侧测量应变,与视频测量法进行对比。结果表明：两种仪器测得的应变的相对误差能够满足测量需要。在本试验的基础上而且非接触式位移/应变视频测量系统在试验前无需花费时间去贴应变片,测量结束后整个试验过程都被记录下来,可供以后研究。     

从“银色浪潮”到“银色环境”——老年人居住外环境规划设计研究

随着＂银色浪潮＂的到来,各种各样的老龄问题接踵而至,其中尤以老年人居住外环境问题最为突出。在这种背景下,通过实地踏勘和访谈调查,同时结合老年人的身心需求,本文从布局、要素、细节三个方面对居住外环境提出适老化设计的建议,旨在为老年人营造属于他们的＂银色环境＂。     

透明硅烷改性聚醚密封胶的研制

以硅烷改性聚醚树脂(MS树脂)为基料,加入增塑剂、气相二氧化硅、偶联剂、自制催化剂等助剂,制备了一种透明硅烷改性聚醚密封胶(MS密封胶)。该密封胶固化后拉伸强度为2.93 MPa,断裂伸长率为258%,1 mm厚胶片的透光率达92%,综合性能较优,能够满足相关标准的要求。     

Comparison of ablative and compressive mechanical behavior of several PICA-like ablative materials

It is significant to compare the ablative and compressive mechanical behavior of different PICA-like materials in the engineering applications. The plasma wind tunnel ablation tests with high-entropy air and CO_2 atmospheres, and compressive experiments in the ambient and 150℃, were conducted for three kinds of PICA-like materials(CF/PR-Si, CBCF/PR-SiOC and NQF/PR-Si composites). The traditional carbon/phenolic(C/PR) braided composites were also used for comparison. PICA-like materials have the better thermal insulation than traditional C/PR composite, especially for CBCF/PR-SiOC composite. The ablation behavior of CF/PR-Si and CBCF/PR-SiOC PICA-like materials in the CO_2 atmosphere can produce a large amount of SiO_2 in the form of coatings, oxide layers and skeletons on the ablated surface, which are greatly different from that in the air atmosphere.The compressive behavior of PICA-like material is greatly depended on the fiber fabrics, and exhibits the large discrete characteristics. The longer fiber in the PICA-like materials plays the role in maintaining the material integrity, while it may increase the thermal conductivity.     

起爆装置对聚能杆式射流成型影响的数值模拟研究

为研究VESF板对聚能杆式射流成型的影响,利用非线性动力学分析软件AUTODYN-2D分别就VESF板的材料与形状对侵彻体成型的影响进行数值模拟。结果表明:板形状为K字形、长方形、三角形时,产生最佳爆轰波形所对应的VESF板材料分别为钨、铜和钢;三角形的VESF板产生的爆轰波形最佳,形成的射流速度较高,形态较好。通过调整VESF板的材料与形状可达到调整装药起爆方式的目的。     

Char barrier effect of graphene nanoplatelets on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of high‐density polyethylene flame‐retarded by brominated polystyrene

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) with the char barrier effect were combined with brominated polystyrene (BPS) and antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) to improve the flame retardancy and thermal stability of high‐density polyethylene. Thermogravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index (LOI) testing, and vertical burning testing (UL‐94) showed that the presence of GNPs led to enhanced thermal oxidation stability and significantly reduced the flammability. The addition of 1 wt % GNPs to polyethylene/BPS–Sb (mass ratio = 92/6/2) led to UL‐94 grades from NG (first burning time > 30 s) to V‐2 (total burning time = 14 s), and the LOI value increased from 23.4 to 24.1%. The results of the pyrolysis products provided evidence that the GNPs restricted volatilization. The morphology of the chars also proved the formation of the char layer, which could act as a barrier to isolate the material from the flame and retard the vaporization of flammable gases via a tortuous pathway. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40520.