A genetic tango attack against the David–Prasad RFID ultra‐lightweight authentication protocol

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a powerful technology that enables wireless information storage and control in an economical way. These properties have generated a wide range of applications in different areas. Due to economic and technological constrains, RFID devices are seriously limited, having small or even tiny computational capabilities. This issue is particularly challenging from the security point of view. Security protocols in RFID environments have to deal with strong computational limitations, and classical protocols cannot be used in this context. There have been several attempts to overcome these limitations in the form of new lightweight security protocols designed to be used in very constrained (sometimes called ultra‐lightweight) RFID environments. One of these proposals is the David–Prasad ultra‐lightweight authentication protocol. This protocol was successfully attacked using a cryptanalysis technique named Tango attack. The capacity of the attack depends on a set of boolean approximations. In this paper, we present an enhanced version of the Tango attack, named Genetic Tango attack, that uses Genetic Programming to design those approximations, easing the generation of automatic cryptanalysis and improving its power compared to a manually designed attack. Experimental results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of this new attack.     

气相法合成纳米颗粒的制备技术进展

本文综述了气相法合成纳米颗粒材料的主要制备技术，并介绍了制备方法的最新进展－化学气相冷凝技术制备纳米颗粒材料，提出了制备纳米颗粒技术研究中面临的问题及今后的发展方向。     

水泥原料矿山开采设备的现状和发展趋势

水泥工业作为原材料工业，正处于技术结构和产品结构调整期，作为水泥生产不可或缺的原料矿山，也正随着新型干法水泥的发展，逐渐从传统的小型化、分散化过渡到规模化、机械化，世界采矿设备的发展为我国水泥原料矿山采矿设备的技术进步带来了机遇。     

Effect of rare earth elements surface treatment on tensile properties of aramid fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites

Solutions of rare earth modifier (RES) and epoxy chloropropane (ECP) grafting modification method were used for the surface treatment of aramid fiber. Tensile properties of both the aramid/epoxy composites and single fibers were tested. The effects of RES concentration on tensile properties of aramid/epoxy composites were investigated in detail to explore an optimum amount of rare earth elements in solution for modifying aramid fiber. The fracture surface morphologies of tensile specimens were observed and analyzed with the aid of SEM. The experimental results show that rare earth treatment is superior to ECP grafting treatment in promoting interfacial adhesion between the aramid fiber and epoxy matrix. Meanwhile, the tensile strengths of single fibers were almost not affected by RES treatment. The optimum performance is obtained when the content of rare earth elements is 0.5 wt %. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1037–1041, 2004     

Surface hydrolysis of filaments based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate) spun at high spinning speeds

The surface alkaline hydrolysis of fibers made from poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) was studied after extruding the polymer at high spinning speeds from 2000 to 6000 m/min and heat setting in the range of temperatures from 100 to 180°C. Fiber weight loss increased with an increasing heat‐setting temperature but it was also dependent on the spinning speed. Some of the partially hydrolyzed fibers had a well‐developed, hydrophilic surface, and pore size in the range of 0.69 to 1.20 μm. The optimum reaction and morphological conditions for increasing porosity in PTT fibers depends on spinning speed and heat‐setting temperature. A temperature of 180°C is the upper limit for heat‐setting PTT filaments but seems to be the most effective for making porous fibers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1724–1730, 2004     

硅橡胶合成催化剂氢氧化四甲铵的制备新工艺

采用有效面积为4.5dm~2的全氟阳离子交换膜,在阳极室容积为500mL、阴极室容积为580mL的二室单膜电渗析槽内,以四甲基氯化铵为原料,制备了合成有机硅橡胶及其他有机硅产品聚合用催化剂氢氧化四甲铵(Me_4NOH)。阳极室四甲基氯化铵浓度为30％(质量),阴极室可得到纯度为 13％-15％、Cl~-<0.01％、Na~+<0.0001％和 K~+<0.000 5％的 Me_4NOH。产品经减压浓缩即得到 Me_4NOH·5H_2O晶体。     

Interaction‐Feature Enhanced Multiuser Model Learning for a Home Environment Using Ambient Sensors

Activity recognition (AR) is a key enabler for a context‐aware smart home since knowing what the residents’ current activities helps a smart home provide more desirable services. This is why AR is often used in assistive technologies for cognitively impaired people to evaluate their abilities to undertake activities of daily living. In a real‐life scenario, multiple‐resident AR has been considered as a very challenging problem, primarily due to the complexity of data association. In addition, most prior research has not considered the potential interpersonal interactions among residents to simplify complexity, especially in an environment monitored by ambient sensors. In this study, we propose two types of multiuser activity models, both of which are derived from an interaction‐feature enhanced multiuser model learning framework. These two models consider interpersonal interactions and data association for multiuser AR using ambient sensors. We then compare their performance with the other two baseline models with or without consideration of data association and interpersonal interactions. The experimental results show that the derived models outperform other baseline classifiers. Therefore, the proposed approach can increase the opportunities for providing context‐aware services for a multiresident smart home.     

On Yager and Hamacher t‐Norms and Fuzzy Metric Spaces

Recently, Gregori et al. have discussed (Fuzzy Sets Syst 2011;161:2193–2205) the so‐called strong fuzzy metrics when looking for a class of completable fuzzy metric spaces in the sense of George and Veeramani and state the question of finding a nonstrong fuzzy metric space for a continuous t‐norm different from the minimum. Later on, Gutiérrez García and Romaguera solved this question (Fuzzy Sets Syst 2011;162:91–93) by means of two examples for the product and the Lukasiewicz t‐norm, respectively. In this direction, they posed to find further examples of nonstrong fuzzy metrics for continuous t‐norms that are greater than the product but different from minimum. In this paper, we found an example of this kind. On the other hand, Tirado established (Fixed Point Theory 2012;13:273–283) a fixed‐point theorem in fuzzy metric spaces, which was successfully used to prove the existence and uniqueness of solution for the recurrence equation associated with the probabilistic divide and conquer algorithms. Here, we generalize this result by using a class of continuous t‐norms known as ω‐Yager t‐norms.     

Interactive topic modeling

Topic models are a useful and ubiquitous tool for understanding large corpora. However, topic models are not perfect, and for many users in computational social science, digital humanities, and information studies—who are not machine learning experts—existing models and frameworks are often a “take it or leave it” proposition. This paper presents a mechanism for giving users a voice by encoding users’ feedback to topic models as correlations between words into a topic model. This framework, interactive topic modeling (itm), allows untrained users to encode their feedback easily and iteratively into the topic models. Because latency in interactive systems is crucial, we develop more efficient inference algorithms for tree-based topic models. We validate the framework both with simulated and real users.