A study on structure and electrochemical properties of (La, Ce, Pr, Nd)2MgNi9 hydrogen storage electrode alloys

(La, Ce, Pr, Nd)₂MgNi₉ hydrogen storage alloys were prepared through induction melting followed by a long annealing treatment. The structure and electrochemical properties of annealed alloys have been investigated by orthogonal design experiments. Both the individual effects of each substituting element and their interaction in alloys were studied systemically. It has been shown that the structure of main phase in alloys belongs to PuNi₃-type with a space group R-3m. Substituting rare-earth elements have a significant effect on both the phase structure of alloys and microstructure. The anisotropic change in the crystal structure of alloys can cause the acceleration of pulverization of alloy particles and result in the deterioration of the cyclic stability of alloy electrodes. Misch metals can raise the plateau pressure of hydrogen absorption/desorption. The discharge capacity of alloy ranges from 342.97 to 380.68 mAh g⁻¹ depending on the sort and content of substituting elements. Both cerium and neodymium can obviously reduce the discharge capacity of alloy electrodes. When compared to the La₂MgNi₉ alloy electrode, mish metals can significantly improve the high rate dischargeability of alloy electrodes. The improvement of the kinetic characteristic of alloy electrodes mainly results from the increase of the hydrogen diffusion rate in alloy bulk.     

High PVC film‐forming composite latex particles via miniemulsification,part 1: Preparation

Miniemulsification technology was used to encapsulate TiO₂ particles inside a styrene/n‐butyl acrylate copolymer with high loading levels (11 to 70% PVC (pigment volume concentration)). In this approach, a St/BA copolymer dissolved in toluene in the presence of a costabilizer (hexadecane) was mixed with a dispersion of TiO₂ particles in toluene and sonified, and then emulsified in an aqueous surfactant solution by sonification. The effect of sonification time on both the dispersibility of the TiO₂ particles in the presence of the copolymer and hexadecane and on the encapsulated particle size was investigated. Particle size analysis by dynamic light scattering showed that these composite latexes are quite stable. It was also found that as the TiO₂ loading increased from 11 to 43% PVC, the particle size of the TiO₂ dispersion decreased while the polymer‐encapsulated TiO₂ particle size increased. The effect of surfactant concentration (sodium lauryl sulfate, SLS) on the encapsulated particle size was investigated using four different SLS concentrations in the 11% PVC system. The results showed that as the SLS concentration increased the particle size decreased, as expected. Also it was found that the minimum surfactant concentration that gives stable encapsulated TiO₂ particles is above 10 mM SLS. The role of HD in the recipe was studied for an artificial latex containing no TiO₂ and one prepared at 11% PVC, in terms of particle size before and after solvent stripping, and its effect on the T_g. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 4504–4516, 2006     

一种分布式无线同步数据采集系统设计

介绍了一种分布式多点无线同步地震数据采集系统设计方法。该系统以C8051F020单片机为主控芯片,利用GPS模块提供的PPS信号实现分布式采集系统的同步,利用无线射频模块XbeePro实现数据的无线传输。整个系统通过上位机进行实时控制。实验证明,该系统能够实现严格同步采集,整个采集系统工作稳定,操作简单,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

一种适用于降压DC-DC的改进型电流检测电路

基于电流模式控制能够较好地改善DC-DC的性能,设计一种适用于降压DC-DC的改进型电流检测电路,所提出的电流检测电路提高了电流感应的速度和精度。通过对电路的理论分析与设计,采用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺模型,利用Cadence工具对电路进行仿真验证,所提出的电流检测电路在负载电流为50 mA~500 mA时都能够达到96%的效率以及小于40 ns的建立时间。在开关频率为2 MHz时,输入电压范围为2.5 V~4.2 V,所需电感值为4.7μH,电容值为10μF,输出电压纹波小于18 mV。     

A genetic tango attack against the David–Prasad RFID ultra‐lightweight authentication protocol

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a powerful technology that enables wireless information storage and control in an economical way. These properties have generated a wide range of applications in different areas. Due to economic and technological constrains, RFID devices are seriously limited, having small or even tiny computational capabilities. This issue is particularly challenging from the security point of view. Security protocols in RFID environments have to deal with strong computational limitations, and classical protocols cannot be used in this context. There have been several attempts to overcome these limitations in the form of new lightweight security protocols designed to be used in very constrained (sometimes called ultra‐lightweight) RFID environments. One of these proposals is the David–Prasad ultra‐lightweight authentication protocol. This protocol was successfully attacked using a cryptanalysis technique named Tango attack. The capacity of the attack depends on a set of boolean approximations. In this paper, we present an enhanced version of the Tango attack, named Genetic Tango attack, that uses Genetic Programming to design those approximations, easing the generation of automatic cryptanalysis and improving its power compared to a manually designed attack. Experimental results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of this new attack.     

气相法合成纳米颗粒的制备技术进展

本文综述了气相法合成纳米颗粒材料的主要制备技术，并介绍了制备方法的最新进展－化学气相冷凝技术制备纳米颗粒材料，提出了制备纳米颗粒技术研究中面临的问题及今后的发展方向。     

水泥原料矿山开采设备的现状和发展趋势

水泥工业作为原材料工业，正处于技术结构和产品结构调整期，作为水泥生产不可或缺的原料矿山，也正随着新型干法水泥的发展，逐渐从传统的小型化、分散化过渡到规模化、机械化，世界采矿设备的发展为我国水泥原料矿山采矿设备的技术进步带来了机遇。     

Effect of rare earth elements surface treatment on tensile properties of aramid fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites

Solutions of rare earth modifier (RES) and epoxy chloropropane (ECP) grafting modification method were used for the surface treatment of aramid fiber. Tensile properties of both the aramid/epoxy composites and single fibers were tested. The effects of RES concentration on tensile properties of aramid/epoxy composites were investigated in detail to explore an optimum amount of rare earth elements in solution for modifying aramid fiber. The fracture surface morphologies of tensile specimens were observed and analyzed with the aid of SEM. The experimental results show that rare earth treatment is superior to ECP grafting treatment in promoting interfacial adhesion between the aramid fiber and epoxy matrix. Meanwhile, the tensile strengths of single fibers were almost not affected by RES treatment. The optimum performance is obtained when the content of rare earth elements is 0.5 wt %. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1037–1041, 2004     

Surface hydrolysis of filaments based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate) spun at high spinning speeds

The surface alkaline hydrolysis of fibers made from poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) was studied after extruding the polymer at high spinning speeds from 2000 to 6000 m/min and heat setting in the range of temperatures from 100 to 180°C. Fiber weight loss increased with an increasing heat‐setting temperature but it was also dependent on the spinning speed. Some of the partially hydrolyzed fibers had a well‐developed, hydrophilic surface, and pore size in the range of 0.69 to 1.20 μm. The optimum reaction and morphological conditions for increasing porosity in PTT fibers depends on spinning speed and heat‐setting temperature. A temperature of 180°C is the upper limit for heat‐setting PTT filaments but seems to be the most effective for making porous fibers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1724–1730, 2004