铝衰减膜表面氧化对软X光透过率的影响与修正

对用不同方法制备的软Ｘ光激光实验用的Ａｌ衰减膜样品,用Ａｕｇｅｒ电子能谱（ＡＥＳ）结合氩离子束刻蚀进行了组分的表面和深度分布分析,结果表明表面氧化层主要由Ａｌ２Ｏ３组成,氧化达到饱和时的氧化层厚度≈７．５ｎｍ。由于在软Ｘ光波段内,氧的吸收系数比铝大一个多数量级,这一氧化层对软Ｘ光透过率的影响甚大。将ＡＥＳ测试结果作为参数,使用公式Ｉ＝Ｉ０·ｅｘｐ［－μ（Ｅ）·（ρｄ）］对Ｘ光透过强度进行修正。同步辐射软Ｘ光对样品透过率的直接测量表明,对于透过率大于２０％的Ａｌ膜,直接测量结果与按修正公式计算的结果在最大偏差１１％范围内符合。     

Self‐Healing,Flexible, and Tailorable Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self‐Powered Sensors based on Thermal Effect of Infrared Radiation

Self‐healing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with flexibility, robustness, and conformability are highly desirable for promising flexible and wearable devices, which can serve as a durable, stable, and renewable power supply, as well as a self‐powered sensor. Herein, an entirely self‐healing, flexible, and tailorable TENG is designed as a wearable sensor to monitor human motion, with infrared radiation from skin to promote self‐healing after being broken based on thermal effect of infrared radiation. Human skin is a natural infrared radiation emitter, providing favorable conditions for the device to function efficiently. The reversible imine bonds and quadruple hydrogen bonding (UPy) moieties are introduced into polymer networks to construct self‐healable electrification layer. UPy‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes are further incorporated into healable polymer to obtain conductive nanocomposite. Driven by the dynamic bonds, the designed and synthesized materials show excellent intrinsic self‐healing and shape‐tailorable features. Moreover, there is a robust interface bonding in the TENG devices due to the similar healable networks between electrification layer and electrode. The output electric performances of the self‐healable TENG devices can almost restore their original state when the damage of the devices occurs. This work presents a novel strategy for flexible devices, contributing to future sustainable energy and wearable electronics.     

Achieving Rich and Active Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Heterostructures via Interface Engineering on 2D 1T‐MoS2 Quantum Sheets

Large‐scale production of hydrogen from water‐alkali electrolyzers is impeded by the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. The hybridization of an acid‐active HER catalyst with a cocatalyst at the nanoscale helps boost HER kinetics in alkaline media. Here, it is demonstrated that 1T–MoS₂ nanosheet edges (instead of basal planes) decorated by metal hydroxides form highly active ${\text{edge}}_{{\text{1T‐MoS}}_{\text{2}}}$/ ${\text{edge}}_{\text{Ni}{(\text{OH})}_{\text{2}}}$ heterostructures, which significantly enhance HER performance in alkaline media. Featured with rich ${\text{edge}}_{{\text{1T‐MoS}}_{\text{2}}}$/ ${\text{edge}}_{\text{Ni}{(\text{OH})}_{\text{2}}}$ sites, the fabricated 1T–MoS₂ QS/Ni(OH)₂ hybrid (quantum sized 1T–MoS₂ sheets decorated with Ni(OH)₂ via interface engineering) only requires overpotentials of 57 and 112 mV to drive HER current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm^?2, respectively, and has a low Tafel slope of 30 mV dec^?1 in 1 m KOH. So far, this is the best performance for MoS₂‐based electrocatalysts and the 1T–MoS₂ QS/Ni(OH)₂ hybrid is among the best‐performing non‐Pt alkaline HER electrocatalysts known. The HER process is durable for 100 h at current densities up to 500 mA cm^?2. This work not only provides an active, cost‐effective, and robust alkaline HER electrocatalyst, but also demonstrates a design strategy for preparing high‐performance catalysts based on edge‐rich 2D quantum sheets for other catalytic reactions.     

红外遥控倒计时器的设计与实现

简要介绍了红外遥控的原理以及红外信号编/解码方法,设计并实现了一种可通过红外信号遥控的倒计时器.该设计以8位单片机AT89C2051为核心,利用普通家电遥控器和红外接收头HS0038实现红外信号的发送和接收,一次性可编程语音芯片API840N用于产生提示语音,完成的倒计时器具有设计简洁、计时精度高、操作方便等优点.     

An optimization model for placement of wavelength converters to minimize blocking probability in WDM networks

The introduction of wavelength converters in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks can reduce the blocking probabilities of calls. In this paper, we study the problem of placing a given number of converters in a general topology WDM network such that the overall system blocking probability is minimized. The original contributions of this work are the following: 1) formulation of success probability in a network as a polynomial function of the locations of converters; 2) proposal of an optimization model of the converter placement problem as the minimization of a polynomial function of 0-1 variables under a linear constraint, so that standard optimization tools can be employed to solve the problem; and 3) design of a search algorithm that can efficiently find the optimal solution to the converter placement problem. Experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the efficiency of the algorithm.     

实时数据库及在电厂集成自动化系统中的应用

从控制信息系统集成角度出发 ,在简述火力发电厂自动化发展的基本现状和分析比较实时数据库与关系数据库异同的基础上 ,结合萧山电厂集成自动化系统项目 ,总结了实时数据库工程应用的关键技术 ,最后提出了实时数据库的选型原则。     

碳纳米管的大面积合成及磁性(英文)

通过溶胶凝胶法和氢气还原法制备出Co纳米颗粒并以此作为催化剂材料,通过催化裂解苯的方法,实现了较低温度(460℃)下在Co纳米颗粒表面上合成碳纳米管。采用X射线衍射、激光喇曼光谱、场发射扫描电镜、透射电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计对所合成的碳纳米材料进行了表征。通过优化实验参数,可制备出最大产率和纯度分别为约50和98.02%(质量分数)的碳纳米管。由于铁磁性Co纳米颗粒的进入,使得整个复合物表现出比较好的磁性能。和以往以苯作为碳源合成碳纳米材料相比,此合成方案简单、成本低,且对环境无任何危害,非常适用于磁性碳纳米复合物的批量合成。     

天线阵结构对非视距室内MIMO信道容量的影响

采用2维射线跟踪法分析了非视距室内环境中天线间隔、天线阵形对MIMO系统容量和互补累积分布函数(CCDF)的影响。结果表明随着天线间隔减小,MIMO系统容量降低。10%中断容量表明,天线间隔相同时,有独立同分布瑞利信道容量大于线性阵容量大于方阵容量或者圆形阵容量的关系。当天线间隔大于等于3 时,不同天线阵列阵形对容量影响非常小,此时i.i.d.瑞利信道理论容量几乎全部实现。当天线间隔小于等于1 时,天线阵列阵形对容量影响较大,矩形阵和圆形阵MIMO系统容量相差较小,但都显著小于线性阵列系统容量。在非视距的室内环境中,要实现最大的MIMO容量增益,设计天线阵列时应该对天线间隔和阵列阵形综合考虑。     

分散剂在sol-gel法制备PZT粉体中的应用

采用sol-gel法制备了PZT纳米粉体。针对硝酸铅会从干凝胶中析出的问题,分析了硝酸铅的析出原因,采取在溶胶中加入柠檬酸三铵作为分散剂来消除硝酸铅的偏析。实验结果表明:当柠檬酸三铵的加入量为醋酸铅的2.5%(摩尔分数)时,能得到粒度较为均匀,组成与计算配方一致的PZT纳米粉体。