边攻击下非对称相依作战网络级联失效模型

复杂网络理论在作战网络中的应用是一个全新的研究视角,也是探索网络结构和功能之间关系的有力手段.为研究负荷作用下相依作战网络的级联失效过程,首先依据军事系统的实际交联关系构建了非对称双层相依作战网络模型;然后改进了基于本地负荷重分配的非线性"负荷-容量"模型来研究连边的失效及负荷传递,计算了级联失效模型的计算复杂度;最后仿真分析了连边遭受蓄意攻击时,连边负荷及容量与网络级联抗毁性的关系,并与WS-WS对称网络模型进行对比.仿真结果表明:无论是孤立状态还是相依状态下,网络的级联抗毁性与连边容量变化呈正相关,而与负荷的变化呈负相关;相依网络的级联抗毁性比孤立网络要差,并且相依网络级联失效的过程更缓慢;孤立C2网络中的层级加权结构使得级联失效过程中出现短暂的平台期;与对称WS-WS相依网络相比,非对称作战网络的级联抗毁性更差.在非对称相依网络中,子网之间的级联抗毁性不同,而在相依对称网络中,子网的级联抗毁性几乎相同.     

Preparation of cerium doped Cu/MIL-53(Al) catalyst and its catalytic activity in CO oxidation reaction

Metal-organic framework (MOF) material MIL-53(Al) with high thermal stability was prepared by a solvothermal method, serving as a support material of cerium doped copper catalyst (Ce-Cu)/MIL-53(Al) material for CO oxidation with high catalytic activity. The catalytic performance between the (Cu-Ce)/MIL-53(Al) and the Cu/MIL-53(Al) catalytic material was compared to understand the catalytic behavior of the catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), N₂ adsorption- desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results showed that MIL-53(Al) had good stability and high surface areas, the (Ce-Cu) nanoparticles on the MIL-53(Al) support was uniform. Therefore, the heterogeneous catalytic composite materials (Ce-Cu)/MIL-53(Al) catalyst exhibited much higher activity than that of the Cu/MIL- 53(Al) catalyst in CO oxidation test, with 100% conversion at 80 °C. The results reveal that (Cu-Ce)/MIL- 53(Al) is the suitable candidate for achieving low temperature and higher activity CO oxidation catalyst of MOFs.     

Effects of LiAl-layered double hydroxides on early hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate cement paste

As a 3D micro-nano material, layered double hydroxides have been widely used in many fields, especially for reinforced composite materials. In this paper, LiAl-LDHs was obtained by a hydrothermal method. In order to investigate the effects of LiAl-LDHs on the early hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) cement paste, compressive strength, setting time and hydration heat were tested while X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scaning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were employed. The results indicated that LiAl-LDHs could significantly improve the early compressive strength and shorten the setting time of calcium sulphoaluminate cement paste with 3wt% concentration. Besides, the hydration exothermic rate within 5 h was accelerated with increasing LiAl-LDHs content. Moreover, the addition of LiAl-LDHs did not result in the formation of a new phase, but increased the quantity of hydration products providing higher compressive strength, shorter setting time and denser microstructure.     

地聚物砂浆高温后抗拉和粘结性能及退化机理

为考察地聚物砂浆在有耐高温要求的混凝土结构加固领域的应用可行性,开展了常温下和高温后地聚物砂浆的抗拉强度试验以及地聚物砂浆与普通水泥砂浆及普通混凝土基体的粘结性能试验,并与普通水泥砂浆的抗拉及粘结性能进行试验比较;通过热重分析-差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC),探究了地聚物砂浆的高温强度退化机理.试验结果表明:地聚物砂浆与水泥砂浆及混凝土之间的常温粘结强度分别达2.15 MPa及1.7 MPa,经300℃高温后残余粘结强度仍有1.5 MPa左右,远高于普通水泥砂浆的粘结强度;超过300℃以后地聚物砂浆的强度急剧退化,这主要是因地聚物砂浆高温脱水、微观结构遭受破坏引起.基于上述试验结果,可将地聚物砂浆用于300℃以下高温环境的混凝土结构修补加固.     

随钻声波传输中换能器声源功率匹配实验研究

研究了随钻声波传输中压电换能器声源发射功率,提出了并联式压电换能器阵列双频匹配方式。实验结果表明,该方法能使压电换能器声源机械转换效率达到最大,在双频谐振点的发射功率达到200 W以上,满足随钻声波传输现场的功率输出要求,提高了声波的传输距离,为实现基于压电换能器阵列声源的声波长距离传输奠定了基础。     

海上油田内源微生物与表面活性剂复合驱油剂性能的研究

研究了内源微生物与表面活性剂的复合应用,一方面表面活性剂可以增强微生物及其代谢产物对剩余油的降黏乳化作用,另一方面微生物激活剂可以降低表面活性剂在储层泥质中的吸附损失和无效窜流,两者具有良好的协同作用。实验结果表明,表面活性剂HSB-12、OP-10与激活剂FP3显示出良好的配伍性,复合驱油剂FP3+HSB-12、FP3+OP-10的界面张力、乳化性及驱油效果明显好于单独驱油剂,采收率最高可增加9.67%。     

Simple Preparation of Crystal Co3（BTC）2·12H2O and Its Catalytic Activity in CO Oxidation Reaction

Crystalline metal-organic framework cobalt(Ⅱ) benzenetricarboxylate Co3(BTC)2?12H2O(MOF-Co) has been prepared using solvothermal method. The reaction of cobalt(Ⅱ) nitrate and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic(BTC) acid in a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF)/C2H5OH/H2O(1:1:1, ν/ν) at low temperature for short reaction times produced this crystalline compound. Compared with traditional hydrothermal method, a mixed solution method for the synthesis of crystalline metal complex was found to be highly efficient. After water molecules were removed from this metal complex, its exposed nodes served as active sites. When this MOF-Co was employed in the oxidation of CO, it showed good catalytic properties causing 100% conversion of CO to CO2 at low temperature of 160 ℃.     

火驱燃烧前缘位置预测与影响因素研究

及时掌握火驱过程中火线的位置,有助于进行生产调控,通过调研现场预测火线位置的方法,得出一套针对不同特征油藏的适用方法:红外照相法适用于浅层油藏;用测温元件直接测试法适用于观察井和生产井密集的油藏;生产动态和物质平衡相结合的方法适用于均质性好且井网形式规范的油藏;示踪剂监测和生产动态相结合的方法适用于非均质性严重或井网形式不规范的油藏;压降试井法由于计算复杂,有待进一步研究。最后指出应在前期地质筛选的基础上,做到"少注气、多采油",并结合生产动态分析加强对油井的管理,引导燃烧前缘均匀稳定的推进。     

E-Learning环境下基于知识点偏好的学习社区组建

在对在线学习者的个性化信息进行抽象、合理描述及分析的基础上,提出描述学习者在学习过程中的本体模型及本体推理规则;在结合虚拟学习社区和知识导航的服务下,借助Protégé、JSP和Jena编程技术,实现基于本体并具有组建虚拟学习社区和知识导航功能的E-Learning原型系统。实验表明,所提出的建模方法有利于进一步建立基于知识偏好的学习社区。     

被动大陆边缘盆地对油气形成的控制作用——以墨西哥湾盆地为例

被动大陆边缘盆地是现今全球发现油气田数量最多的盆地类型,也是控制油气形成最重要的盆地类型.以墨西哥湾盆地为例,分别阐述被动大陆边缘盆地对烃源岩、储层、盖层、圈闭和运移的控制作用.结果表明:在被动大陆盆地的发育演化过程中为油气形成提供连续稳定的时间和空间;提供烃源岩物源;提供优质的碎屑岩和碳酸盐储层;提供保存烃源岩并且形成盖层和圈闭的蒸发盐;提供烃源岩保存及盖层形成的构造等.被动大陆边缘盆地对油气形成具有良好的控制作用.