SAS法制备纳米TiO_2光催化剂与光催化性能研究

以TiOSO4为原料,采用化学络合溶胶-凝胶法,结合自蔓燃工艺制备了纳米TiO2粉体和掺杂铁的光催化剂。并以甲基橙为模拟水样,研究了光催化剂的催化性能。结果表明,掺铁的光催化剂比纯纳米TiO2的光催化活性高,在pH=3,催化剂加入量1 g/L,掺铁量为0.5%,溶液浓度为40 mg/L的条件下降解率高达80%。     

优化整流冷却工艺确保系统正常运行

山西金甲化工有限公司(简称“金甲化工公司”)经历两次增容扩产,目前有61台金属阳极8型电解槽,设计生产能力为年产100%烧碱7kt,2005年产100%烧碱8275t,但因内部原因停车21次,其中,仅因整流柜水系统问题停车达14次之多,因此,在2006年金甲化工公司决定对整流冷却水系统进行改造。1改造前整流冷却系统的工艺情况改造前整流冷却系统(见图1)用水为自来水。自来水内含有大量的受热易结垢和导电的Ca2 、Mg2 等金属阳离子。在循环泵的作用下,冷却水在设备和管道中循环,转移整流系统可控硅发出的热量。而原换热器换热面积只有7m2,因换热面积小,循环…     

氯溴异氰尿酸的高效液相色谱分析方法

介绍了使用反相高效液相色谱法对氯溴异氰尿酸烟剂进行定量分析。HPLC法使用C18柱,以V(甲醇)﹕V(水)﹕V(冰乙酸)=15﹕85﹕0.1为流动相,紫外检测波长215nm。方法的变异系数为0.44%,回收率在98%～102%之间。     

Maximization of total surface area of Pt-SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> catalyst by the Taguchi method

The maximization of the total surface area of Pt-SnO₂/Al₂O₃ catalyst was studied by using the Taguchi method of experimental design. The catalysts were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of HNO₃, H₂O and aluminum nitrate concentrations and the stirring rate on the total surface area were studied at three levels of each. L₉ orthogonal array leading nine experiments was used in the experimental design. The parameter levels that give maximum total surface area were determined and experimentally verified. In the range of conditions studied it was found that, medium levels of HNO₃ and H₂O concentration and lower levels of aluminum nitrate concentration and stirring rate maximize the total surface area.     

Pyrolysis of peat: Product yield and characterization

Pyrolysis of peat obtained from Yeniça?a, Bolu, Turkey was conducted in a fixed-bed tube furnace under various conditions, and variations in the structure of the char, tar and gas products were examined. The chars produced were studied by proximate and ultimate analyses. The maximum tar yield of 20.41% was obtained at a heating rate of 20 °C/min, a temperature of 450 °C, a sweeping gas flow rate of 100 ml/min and a 0.5–2.0 mm size range. The chemical composition of the tar was examined by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and column chromatography. The chemical composition of the tar with dense aliphatic structure was established to be CH_1.22O_0.25N_0.02. The composition of the gases obtained at a heating rate of 20 °C/min for the 0.5–2.0 mm size range was examined by gas chromatography.     

Effect of water pretreatment on CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> capture using a potassium-based solid sorbent in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor

A bubbling fluidized bed reactor was used to study CO₂ capture from flue gas by using a potassium-based solid sorbent, sorbKX35 which was manufactured by the Korea Electric Power Research Institute. A dry sorbent, sorbKX35, consists of K₂CO₃ for absorption and supporters for mechanical strength. To increase initial CO₂ removal, some amount of H₂O was absorbed in the sorbent before injecting simulated flue gas. It was possible to achieve 100% CO₂ removal for more than 10 minutes at 60°C and a residence time of 2 s with H₂O pretreatment. When H₂O pretreatment time was long enough to convert K₂CO₃ of sorbKX35 into K₂CO₃ · 1.5H₂O, CO₂ removal was excellent. The results obtained in this study can be used as basic data for designing and operating a large scale CO₂ capture process with two fluidized bed reactors. This work was presented at the 6 ^th Korea-China Workshop on Clean Energy Technology held at Busan, Korea, July 4–7, 2006.     

Catalytic coal partial gasification in an atmospheric fluidized bed

The coal partial gasification catalyzed by limestone, sodium carbonate and dolomite was studied using a bench-scale atmospheric fluidized bed in the presence of air and steam at 900 °C. The effects of limestone, sodium carbonate and dolomite on composition, heating value, gas yield of product gas and carbon conversion in the catalytic coal partial gasification have been examined. The experimental results show that the catalysts can effectively improve the gas quality, the heating value and the gas yield of product gas and carbon conversion. The catalytic effect of sodium carbonate is better than that of limestone and dolomite. The increase of limestone loading can enhance the quality of product gas, such as the content of combustible gas, the high heating value and the gas yield, during coal partial gasification. This work was presented at the 6 ^th Korea-China Workshop on Clean Energy Technology held at Busan, Korea, July 4–7, 2006.     

Adsorption mode of ethyl pyruvate on platinum: an in situ XANES study

The adsorption of ethyl pyruvate on Pt(111) has been studied by in situ XANES measurements in the presence and absence of hydrogen. Depending on the hydrogen and ethyl pyruvate pressure, the C and O K‐edge spectra exhibit distinctly different angular dependence. Without hydrogen ethyl pyruvate is oriented preferentially perpendicular to the surface, indicating bonding via the O lone pairs. In the presence of hydrogen the mean orientation is more tilted towards the surface. Likely, ethyl pyruvate also interacts with Pt via its π system under these conditions. The observed angle‐dependent shift of the energy of the π* and σ* resonances indicates the coexistence of differently adsorbed ethyl pyruvate species. The experimental findings demonstrate the importance of the in situ approach for unraveling the adsorption mode of ethyl pyruvate in the enantioselective hydrogenation over cinchona‐alkaloid‐modified Pt. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.