5 nm palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) are synthesized and assembled on reduced graphene oxide-iron oxide nanocomposite (rGO-Fe3O4) to be used in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and borohydride oxidation reaction (BOR) studies in alkaline media. The structure and morphology of the resulting Pd/rGO-Fe3O4 hybrid material are evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The electrochemical behavior of Pd/rGO-Fe3O4 hybrid material for the ORR and BOR is investigated by voltammetry with rotating disk and rotating ring disk electrode and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, enabling evaluation of the number of exchanged electrons, Tafel slope, exchange current density and activation energy. The results reveal that ORR at Pd/rGO-Fe3O4 proceeds as a 2-electron process with Tafel slope of 0.133 V dec?1, while BOR proceeds as a 5.6-electron process with Tafel slope of 0.350 V dec?1 and exchange current density of 1.38 mA cm?2. The BOR activation energy was found to be 12.4 kJ mol?1. Overall, this study demonstrates the good efficiency of Pd/rGO-Fe3O4 hybrid material for BOR. 相似文献
The biosorption properties of copper(II) and zinc(II) onto a cone biomass of Pinus sylvestris L. was investigated by using batch techniques. The biosorption studies carried out with single metal solutions. The removal of copper(II) and zinc(II) from aqueous solution increased with pH and sharply decreased when pH of the solution was decreased. The maximum biosorption efficiency of P. sylvestris was 67% and 30% for Cu(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Batch kinetic and isotherm of biosorption metal ions were investigated. The second-order kinetic model was used to correlate the experimental data. The Freundlich and Langmuir model can describe the adsorption equilibrium of metal(II) on cone biomass. The biosorption constants were found from the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms at 25 degrees C. It is found that the biosorption data of metals on cone biomass fitted both the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. 相似文献
This work describes the tribochemical evaluation of vegetable oil based antiwear additive obtained through chemical modification. The Sulfur was incorporated using a chemical reaction of epoxidized vegetable oil and common thiols, resulting in formation of a hydroxy thioether derivative of vegetable oils. The synthesis retains the vegetable oil structure, eliminates poly-unsaturation in the molecule, and adds polar functional groups that significantly improve adsorption on metal surfaces. These additives are obtained by chemical modification of oils originated from natural resources. The tribochemical behavior of sulfur incorporated vegetable oil was studied by measuring friction coefficient using ball-on-disk configuration and wear scar diameter using four-ball configuration. Comparative tests with commercial antiwear additives demonstrate the effectiveness of these derivatives. The derivatives were found useful as agriculturally based antiwear additives for lubricant applications. 相似文献
This paper presents an experimental investigation on impact response of sandwich composite panels with PVC foam core and balsa wood core. A number of tests were performed under various impact energies. Damage process of the sandwich composites is analyzed from cross-examining load–deflection curves, energy profile diagrams and the damaged specimens. The primary damage modes observed are; fiber fractures at upper and lower skins, delaminations between adjacent glass–epoxy layers, core shear fractures, and face/core debonding. After visual inspection of the top and bottom face-sheets, initial examination, damage mechanisms at the interior layers and cores were ascertained through destructive analysis, i.e. sectioning by an abrasive water-jet machine, of samples. In addition to the single impacts, repeated impact response of the samples is also investigated. 相似文献
In this study a new branched methacrylated poly(propylene glycol-co-lactic acid) (PPG–PLA–IEM) and methacrylated cellulose
acetate butyrate resin (CAB–IEM) were synthesized. Hydrogels with various amounts of PPG–PLA–IEM and CAB–IEM (25, 50 and 75 wt%
IEM modified) were prepared by photopolymerization. Collagen tethered PEG–monoacrylate (PEGMA–collagen) was prepared and introduced
as a bioactive moiety to modify the hydrogel in order to enhance cell affinity. In vitro attachment and growth of 3T3 mouse
fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on the hydrogels with and without collagen were also investigated.
It was observed that, the collagen improves the cell adhesion onto the hydrogel surface. With the increasing amount of collagen,
cell viability increased by 28% for ECV304 (P < 0.05) and 30% for 3T3 (P < 0.05). 相似文献
Two-dimensional (2D) monolayers have opened a new door for further studies in search of multifunctional materials. In addition to the interesting properties that these monolayers exhibit on their own, these properties can be tuned by doping, creating defects or adatom adsorption processes. Recent research has focused on determining in what technological areas these monolayers can be used. Boron carbide (BC) is a new single layer material that has been shown to be stable from the boron-doped graphene family, but its uses, such as its sensing, uptaking and fixation ability of toxic gases, have not been fully determined yet. This study is a step taken in order to fill the gap in this field. Adsorption of CO and NO molecules on the BC monolayer has been investigated by using first principles DFT methods. After structural optimization, the adsorption energies have been computed for the model systems. Electronic properties of stable structures have been determined by introducing the total and partial DOS plots and charge distributions. Our results revealed that BC monolayer successfully adsorbed CO and NO toxic gases. Thus, useful information was provided for possible applications of a base material, such as detection, uptake, and fixation of toxic gases.
Whiting is a commercially important fish species of the world. This study demonstrates monthly variations in lipid and fatty acid (FA) contents of muscle, liver and roes of Black Sea whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus. Significant changes occurred in lipid contents between months (P <0.05) with the highest values representing in liver 33.8–64.5%. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in all groups were higher than total saturated and monounsaturated FAs with significant variations between months (P <0.05). The highest PUFA of muscles, livers and roes were 60.0, 45.9 and 50.9%, respectively. The main FA was docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of muscle tissue and roes, while oleic acid was the major FA in livers. Although about 164–357 g in muscle tissue or 224–392 g of whiting roe are necessary to consume to cover 1 g day?1 of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)+DHA for a healthy diet, only as low as 5.5–10.0 g of liver would be enough to cover the same amount of daily EPA+DHA requirement. The results indicated that whiting livers constitute a rich and underexploited source of polyunsatured FAs. Furthermore, the results may aid further research on the nutritional studies, the physiology and stock management of whiting species. 相似文献