Essential fatty acid supplemented diet increases renal excretion of prostaglandin E2 and water in essential fatty acid deficient rats

Weanling male rats were fed an essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient diet for 25 weeks and then switched to an EFA-supplemented diet for 3 weeks. Control rats received the EFA-supplemented diet for 25 weeks and then the EFA-deficient diet for 3 weeks. Throughout the last 19 weeks, the rats were housed in metabolic cages once a week for a 24-hr period. Urinary excretion of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) was estimated by radioimmunoassay. Throughout a period of 12 weeks (weeks 13–24) water consumption increased ca. 60%, and urine output and PGE₂ excretion decreased ca. 45% and 70%, respectively, in the EFA-deficient rats. Feeding EFA-supplemented diet to the EFA-deficient rats for 3 weeks decreased the water consumption and raised the urine output to that observed in the controls. However, the urine output was corrected within 1 day whereas the water consumption was not corrected until the second measurement 8 days after the dietary change. The PGE₂ excretion increased more than 9-fold (from 18±8 ng/24 hr to 165±51 ng/24 hr) 1 day after EFA-supplementation, followed by a decrease to 86±29 ng/24 hr over the following 2 weeks. On the basis of the present data, it is suggested that EFA deficiency in rats causes diminished PGE₂ excretion, which can be normalized by EFA supplementation. The normalization of the urine flow may, in part, be caused by the concomitant considerable increase in endogenous PGE₂ synthesis. Presented in part at the International Symposium on Prostaglandins and the Kidney, Stuttgart, West Germany, July 1980.     

Application of active coke in processes of SO2- and NOx-removal from flue gases

In the field of flue gas cleaning, active coke plays an important role as adsorbant and catalyst. In the temperature range usually prevailing downstream of the air preheater of power plants, SO₂ becomes adsorbed on carbonaceous materials and in a consecutive step is catalysed by the carbonaceous surface and converted to sulphuric acid. The quality demands for a cyclic regenerative process for SO₂ removal are fulfilled by the active coke which is used in the BF-process. The same active coke catalyses the reaction of NO with NH₃ to N₂ and steam. This is the basis for processes for simultaneous SO₂ and NO_x removal. By the addition of ammonia the SO₂ removal by active coke is improved. Two processes are described and results from the laboratory and from the demonstration plant for the BF-process are presented. These show that SO₂ removal efficiences exceed 95% and NO conversions of > 80% can be realized without problems. The cost of the processes using active coke with ammonia addition are comparable with those of wet flue gas desulphurization processes without any additional equipment should NO have to be removed.     

Modified DHTT Equipment for Crystallization Studies of Mold Slags

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The double hot thermocouple technique (DHTT) enables simulations of the temperature gradient at near-service conditions during continuous casting of...     

BMW‐Welt München: die Kundenlounge als das zentrale Element im statischen Gesamtsystem – Von der Planung bis zur Realisierung

In July 2005 the former article introduced the reader to the specific proposal of the consortium “steelwork/cladding”. Bearing the hovering cloud with eleven columns and three cores, the customers’ lounge is the most important part of it. Integrated in the center of the cloud, the lounge itself as a core is based on two columns, two eccentric bearings and a staircase‐center. Besides technical needs flexible constructions, short erecting‐times and most important rigging‐phases were essential. In the following report the tasks and ideas of the specific technical solutions of the customers’ lounge will be presented in respect of the erection and structural design, especially the phases of alternating loads.     

NordWestZentrum Frankfurt am Main – Teil 1: Umbaumaßnahmen und Ertüchtigungen

The NordWestZentrum in Frankfurt/Main – Part 1: rebuilding and repair measures. The NordWestZentrum is one of the largest mall and event centers in Germany. There are six bus and an underground line and additionally 3500 parking spaces. For the first time opened in the year 1968, the center was completely revitalized in the years 1986 to 1988 and converted to a modern experience world. With a further large construction measure in the years 2002 to 2004 the sales area extended again considerably. In connection with the measures between 2002 and 2004 also a part of the existing state had to be rebuilt and repaired, this under continued service conditions. Handling the existing built volumes and the integration of new, efficient carrying constructions into the existing state represented a special challenge for the structural design.