New Channel Estimation Method Using Singular Spectrum Analysis for OFDM Systems

Wireless Personal Communications - This paper presents a new method for OFDM channel estimation (CE) using singular spectrum analysis (SSA). In this method, the conventional LMMSE procedure is used...     

Aluminum Titanate Powder Synthesis via Thermal Decomposition of Transparent Gels

Aluminum titanate powder has been prepared through thermal decomposition of a transparent gel formed from a mixture of titanium butoxide and boehmite sol in acetic acid—butanol medium. The thermogravimetric curve of aluminum titanate precursor gel is characterized by a decomposition temperature extending up to 800°C while the constituent gels of boehmite and hydrous titania independently decompose at lower temperature. The removal of water entrapped in the gel structure heated at the above temperature is further made clear by infrared spectral data. The gel stays in the amorphous state up to 800°C, as revealed from XRD. The sintered aluminum titanate shows that grains with sizes above 2 μm are cracked while smaller ones are intact. When heated for a period of 2 h, the gel decomposes to powders with average particle sizes of 2.7 μm at 900°C and 6.5 μm at 1400°C.     

Interactive motion mapping for real‐time character control

It is now possible to capture the 3D motion of the human body on consumer hardware and to puppet in real time skeleton‐based virtual characters. However, many characters do not have humanoid skeletons. Characters such as spiders and caterpillars do not have boned skeletons at all, and these characters have very different shapes and motions. In general, character control under arbitrary shape and motion transformations is unsolved ‐ how might these motions be mapped? We control characters with a method which avoids the rigging‐skinning pipeline — source and target characters do not have skeletons or rigs. We use interactively‐defined sparse pose correspondences to learn a mapping between arbitrary 3D point source sequences and mesh target sequences. Then, we puppet the target character in real time. We demonstrate the versatility of our method through results on diverse virtual characters with different input motion controllers. Our method provides a fast, flexible, and intuitive interface for arbitrary motion mapping which provides new ways to control characters for real‐time animation.     

Scalable reachability analysis via automated dynamic netlist-based hint generation

While SAT-based algorithms have largely displaced BDD-based verification techniques due to their typically higher scalability, there are classes of problems for which BDD-based reachability analysis is the only existing method for an automated solution. Nonetheless, reachability engines require a high degree of tuning to perform well on challenging benchmarks. In addition to clever partitioning and scheduling techniques, the use of hints has been proposed to decompose an otherwise breadth-first fixedpoint computation into a series of underapproximate computations, requiring a larger number of (pre-)image iterations though often significantly reducing peak BDD size and thus resource requirements. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to boost the scalability of reachability computation: automated netlist-based hint generation. Experiments confirm that this approach can yield significant resource reductions; often over an order of magnitude on complex problems compared to reachability analysis without hints, and even compared to SAT-based proof techniques.     

Design and analysis of full pitch winding and concentrated stator pole winding three-phase flux reversal machine for low speed application

The flux reversal machine (FRM) is a doubly-salient stator permanent magnet machine with flux linkage reversal in the stator concentrated winding. The existing machines at low speed, low power (2·4 kW, 300 rpm) range are not economical. FRM topology is best suited for this application. An attempt has been made to improve the power density of machine by introducing full pitch winding. Full pitch winding FRM (FPFRM) has higher power density than the conventional concentrated stator pole winding FRM (CSPFRM). Design and comparative analysis of FPFRM and CSPFRM are made. Both machines are designed for 88·58 Nm and 300 rpm. Design details of both machines are presented. Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis is carried out to evaluate and compare the performance of CSPFRM and FPFRM. Series capacitive compensation is provided for better voltage regulation of both machines.     

Reengineered BI‐DIME Ligand Core Based on Computer Modeling to Increase Selectivity in Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling for the Challenging Axially Chiral HIV Integrase Inhibitor

Through a computer‐guided approach, new series of monophosphine ligands were designed and developed for asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura couplings of challenging heterocyclic substrates. Computer modeling pointed to a tunable, yet unexplored quadrant in BI‐DIME, leading to the discovery of the 3′,5′‐dimethyl‐substituted ligand which improved the atropisomeric selectivity of the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction from the previously reported 5:1 dr to 15:1 dr for the synthesis of a challenging HIV integrase intermediate, and up to 24:1 dr with various other quinoline substrates.

     

Scientific and Technical Aspects of Yogurt Aroma and Taste: A Review

Abstract: Yogurt is a basic dairy product that has been consumed for centuries as a part of the diet, even when its beneficial effects were neither fully known nor scientifically proven. With time, yogurt has been continuously modified to obtain a product with better appeal and nutritional effects. The flavor components of yogurt are affected because of these modifications. The present review article is focused on the influence of the different parameters and modifications on aroma and taste components of yogurt. Extensive work has been done to explore the effect of chemical components as well as the microbial, processing, and storage aspects. The popularity of yogurt as a food component depends mainly on its sensory characteristics, of which aroma and taste are most important. This review also outlines the effects of the different modifications attempted in the composition of yogurt.     

Coding,evaluation and optimal selection of a mechatronic system

This paper presents Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) based methodology for evaluation and selection of a mechatronic system. An exhaustive list of attributes which influence the structure and performance of a mechatronic system are identified. An attribute based coding scheme for identification and differentiation of mechatronic systems is developed.A three stage selection procedure is proposed for optimal selection of a mechatronic system. In the first stage, large numbers of available mechatronic systems are converged to a manageable number using elimination search. Second stage, a matrix for storing all the information pertaining to a mechatronic system alternative is proposed. In the third stage, all the mechatronic systems are ranked according the Euclidian distance of mechatronic system from best possible and worst solutions. Two visual methods namely linear graph and spider chart are proposed for ranking of mechatronic systems. An illustrative example explaining the implementation procedure of proposed methodology is discussed at the end.This methodology is useful for industries in selection of a mechatronic system and also useful for any customer in selection of an optimal mechatronic product.     

Chemotaxis can take plant-parasitic nematodes to the source of a chemo-attractant via the shortest possible routes

It has long been recognized that chemotaxis is the primary means by which nematodes locate host plants. Nonetheless, chemotaxis has received scant attention. We show that chemotaxis is predicted to take nematodes to a source of a chemo-attractant via the shortest possible routes through the labyrinth of air-filled or water-filled channels within a soil through which the attractant diffuses. There are just two provisos: (i) all of the channels through which the attractant diffuses are accessible to the nematodes and (ii) nematodes can resolve all chemical gradients no matter how small. Previously, this remarkable consequence of chemotaxis had gone unnoticed. The predictions are supported by experimental studies of the movement patterns of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne graminicola in modified Y-chamber olfactometers filled with Pluronic gel. By providing two routes to a source of the attractant, one long and one short, our experiments, the first to demonstrate the routes taken by nematodes to plant roots, serve to test our predictions. Our data show that nematodes take the most direct route to their preferred hosts (as predicted) but often take the longest route towards poor hosts. We hypothesize that a complex of repellent and attractant chemicals influences the interaction between nematodes and their hosts.