Sphingolipids at Plasmodesmata: Structural Components and Functional Modulators

Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific channels connecting adjacent cells to mediate intercellular communication of molecules essential for plant development and defense. The typical PD are organized by the close apposition of the plasma membrane (PM), the desmotubule derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and spoke-like elements linking the two membranes. The plasmodesmal PM (PD-PM) is characterized by the formation of unique microdomains enriched with sphingolipids, sterols, and specific proteins, identified by lipidomics and proteomics. These components modulate PD to adapt to the dynamic changes of developmental processes and environmental stimuli. In this review, we focus on highlighting the functions of sphingolipid species in plasmodesmata, including membrane microdomain organization, architecture transformation, callose deposition and permeability control, and signaling regulation. We also briefly discuss the difference between sphingolipids and sterols, and we propose potential unresolved questions that are of help for further understanding the correspondence between plasmodesmal structure and function.     

Influence of residual chirality on the conformation and enzymatic degradation of glycopolypeptide based biomaterials

Science China Technological Sciences - Glycopolypeptides as analogs of glycoproteins or glycosaminoglycans represent attractive building blocks for the construction of biomimetic biomaterials....     

高强聚烯烃静态断裂过程银纹区的性能1.HDPE

为了观察分析高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的银纹区性能,对两种HDPE全切痕试样分别进行了速率为0.1 mm/min,0.5 mm/min,1 mm/min,5 mm/min,20 mm/min和50 mm/min的拉伸测试。基于对静态断裂过程应力-位移数据的分析处理,结果表明,HDPE的屈服应力随着拉伸速率增大;高应力时两种HDPE均存在常临界位移控制其银纹断裂;HDPE2480银纹微纤的稳定性较大,材料韧性较好。HDPE静态拉伸断面显微结构显示,HDPE2480的银纹微纤尺寸大于HDPE4801,导致两者断面弧形巢尺寸和弧形巢内粗糙度的不同。     

Evaluation of Fatigue Crack Orientation Using Non-collinear Shear Wave Mixing Method

In this paper, a non-collinear shear wave mixing technique is proposed for evaluation of fatigue crack orientation. Numerical analysis of the nonlinear interaction of two shear waves with crack is performed using two-dimensional finite-element simulations. The simulation results show that the nonlinear interaction of the two shears waves with cracks leads to the generation of transmitted and reflected sum-frequency longitudinal waves (SFLW), moreover the propagation direction of reflected SFLW is correlated with the orientation of crack, which can be used for crack orientation evaluation. Non-collinear wave-mixing experiments were conducted on specimens with fatigue crack. The experimental results show that the directivity of the generated SFLW agrees well with the simulation results, and non-collinear shear wave mixing has potential use in fatigue crack orientation evaluation.     

闭式冷却塔中空气与喷淋水同向和逆向流动的流阻试验研究

一些高效逆流闭式冷却塔盘管管外的空气流动和喷淋水的流动方向相同(顺流),其空气流动阻力的规律性尚待进一步探索,本文对此进行了试验研究。设计构建了相关的试验装置、试验件,进行了一系列的试验。为便于对比,分别针对盘管管外的空气流动和喷淋水的流动方向同向以及逆向(逆流)进行了试验。通过改变喷淋水的喷淋量和空气的流速,得到了相关的空气流动阻力的规律性。试验表明,顺流型式比逆流型式的空气流动阻力大为降低,逆流型式存在空气流动阻力的突增点,顺流型式不存在阻力的突增点。     

Effect of ligand passivation on morphology,optical and photoresponse properties of CdS colloidal quantum dots thin film

In the present report, cadmium sulfide (CdS) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) with average diameter of 6 nm were synthesized by using oleylamine as ligand and solvent. The insulating oleylamine ligands form barriers around the CdS CQDs to decrease carrier mobility. In order to remove the ligands and improve the photoelectrical properties of the closed-packed film, ethanedithiol, mercaptopropionic acid and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were applied for solid state ligand exchange. CTAB treated film had the fastest 3 dB bandwidth of 144.7 Hz and yielded the highest detectivity of 1.37 × 10⁸ Jones. The excellent properties of ligand passivation have important application in nanocrystals based electronic and optoelectronic devices.     

Therapy for cerebral ischemic injury with erythropoietin-containing nanoparticles

In this study we prepared nanocarrier of erythropoietin (EPO) and the curative effect of the EPO-containing nanoparticles for periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) model was validated. It was demonstrated that EPO-containing nanoparticles can ameliorate drug-induced liquefaction caused by hypoxia. EPO-containing nanomedicine may open new therapeutic strategies in hypoxia cure.     

全层片状TiAl基合金断裂过程的原位观察

利用ＳＥＭ拉伸台，研究了Ｔｉ－３３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ－０．５Ｍｏ合金的室温拉伸断裂动态过程。试验结果表明，具有全层片状显微组织的ＴｉＡｌ合金室温断裂韧性较高，归因于合金拉伸过程中裂纹尖端发生分叉致使应力松弛而使裂纹钝化；在变形过程中，主裂纹尖端附近的微裂纹之间形成剪切韧带，剪切韧带韧化是ＴｉＡｌ合金的一种韧化机理。