空间三重奏

设计的确是一项非常有趣的工作，就如同一位导演运用出色的技巧掌控有限的预算，为观众呈现令人回味的剧情，逼真的音效和异彩纷呈的视觉映像，这无疑是三个紧密相扣的环。     

Effect of polymerization conditions on o‐phenylenediamine and o‐phenetidine oxidative copolymers

A series of new o‐phenylenediamine (OPD)/o‐phenetidine (PHT) copolymers with partly phenazine‐like structures has been successfully synthesized at three polymerization temperatures by chemically oxidative polymerization in four different polymerization media. The molecular structures and properties of the resulting OPD/PHT polymers were investigated by IR, UV–vis and high‐resolution ¹H NMR spectroscopies, and DSC, in order to ascertain the effect of reaction temperature, comonomer ratio and acid medium. The copolymerization mechanism of OPD with PHT monomers has been proposed. It is found that the statistical OPD/PHT copolymer obtained at a temperature of 118 °C has a higher degree of polymerization than that obtained at 12–17 °C. The OPD content in the copolymers calculated from NMR spectroscopic analysis is higher than that in the feed OPD content, whereas the OPD content calculated from element analysis is slightly lower than the feed OPD content. It can be predicted that denitrogenation takes place in the OPD units during the polymerization process at OPD/PHT molar ratios of 90/10 and 100/0. These OPD/PHT copolymers exhibit a much better solubility than the OPD homopolymer, hence suggesting an incorporation of PHT units into the phenazine structure of the homopolymer. The thermal behavior of the copolymers was also studied. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

热分析在PVA纤维预处理中的应用

用差热、热重法对原丝的热性能及由不同预处理方法所引起的PVA纤维的热行为变化进行了研究;并通过模拟脱水条件,用不同升温速率,求出了经不同预处理纤维的脱水反应活化能。结果表明,PVA原丝在230℃有一软化点,三种预处理都不同程度地影响了原丝的热效应变化;纤维在180～340℃主要为脱水反应;原丝及经脱水剂、O_3和O_3综合脱水剂处理的纤维,其脱水反应的表观活化能分别为:164.3kJ/mol,92.9kJ/mol,130.5kJ/mol和117.6kJ/mol。     

跨越时空的瑞士USM模块式家具

USM模块式家具源自于瑞士．钢制的球是USM家具的主要连接器。球和钢管的精密结合是USM品牌的独创，由此就可演变出不同规格．不同造型的USM家具。     

油基钻井液的推广及循环利用

针对普通水基钻井液在钻进中强、强水敏性油藏时会造成储层污染、产量降低的问题,指出了油基钻井液在钻进该类油藏时的优势和其成本高、对生态环境有污染的缺点。为了大面积推广应用油基钻井液,重点介绍了油基钻井液的特性和稳定性影响因素,并通过室内评价证明了油基钻井液在油层保护中的良好效果,着重阐述了油基钻井液在王庄油田的现场应用情况,并探讨了油基钻井液的循环利用技术。研究结果表明,油基钻井液不仅具有良好的油层保护效果,而且具有较好的社会经济效益。     

非水解溶胶-凝胶法低温合成硅酸锆

以工业纯ZrCl4、 Si(OC2H5)4为前驱体,通过非水解溶胶-凝胶法合成了硅酸锆.采用DTA-TG和XRD等测试手段研究了凝胶热处理过程中的物相变化.结果表明:当前驱体溶胶中未引入矿化剂时,硅酸锆的合成温度高达1450℃;相比之下,溶胶中引入矿化剂LiF后在600℃下便开始出现了ZrSiO4衍射峰,在700℃合成的硅酸锆不仅合成率高,而且晶体发育好,实现了低温合成硅酸锆的目标.     

Recovery of pyruvic acid with weakly basic polymeric sorbents

BACKGROUND: Carboxylic acids are among the most important substances that can be manufactured from biomass. However, the recovery of carboxylic acids from fermentation broths presents a challenging separation problem. To avoid the production of waste salts and net consumption of chemicals in the calcium carboxylate salt process, the use of reversible chemical complexation with polymeric sorbents and extractants is attractive for carboxylic acid recovery. Pyruvic acid is widely used in the manufacture of medicines, pesticides and foodstuffs and can be produced by fermentation. Since the acidity of pyruvic acid (pK_a = 2.49) is stronger than that of normal carboxylic acids, and as few reports on the recovery of pyruvic acid are available, the sorption of pyruvic acid from aqueous solution on two types of weakly basic polymeric sorbent, tertiary amine D301R and primary amine D392, was investigated over a wide pH range and at various salt (MgSO₄) concentrations. RESULTS: Overloading adsorption of pyruvic acid on both weakly basic polymeric sorbents occurred, with the overloading of D392 being greater than that of D301R. The adsorption of pyruvic acid on both sorbents was greatly affected by the solution pH and the salt concentration in the aqueous phase. An overloading model was able to predict the experimental uptake data very well. CONCLUSION: Solution pH is one of the most important operating conditions, and both polymeric sorbents D392 and D301R can be used to recover pyruvic acid from dilute aqueous solution with high efficiency at a solution pH around 2. The uptake by D392 is greater than that by D301R owing to steric hindrance of the tertiary amine. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Electromagnetic properties of ferroelectric-ferrite ceramic composites

The NiFe₂O₄ and Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ ceramic composites are prepared by conventional solid state reaction method. The microstructural and morphological properties of the composites are studied by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that the ferrite and piezoelectric phases can co-exist in the composites. The relationship between the dielectric constant and frequency (40 Hz–40 MHz) as well as temperature is also investigated. It is noted that the transition temperature of the composites is about 380 °C. A double electric hysteresis loop is observed in our composites. The magnetic properties are relatively weak according to the magnetic hysteresis loop. With increase in the content of the ferrite phase, the permeability increases. The electromagnetic properties of the as-prepared composites are tunable according to the content of the NiFe₂O₄ phase.