建筑造型的形式美——兼谈现代岭南建筑的造型设计特点

建筑具有科学与艺术的双重性,建筑设计中必须认真地考虑造型问题.文章从建筑造型的空间处理手法、体现意识形态及地方特色、现代岭南建筑的造型设计等方面进行探讨,旨在强化在造型设计中以生态节能为出发点,从建筑艺术及其形式上表现出来其美观外形,并在此基础上营造出具有岭南建筑特征的人文空间.     

An amphoteric poly(VAc‐DBM‐AM‐DMAPS) emulsion focusing on the ecological sand‐fixing in salty desert: Structure and properties

In order to control the impacts of blown sand in salty desert, in this article, the amphoteric emulsion, for the first time, was applied as an ecological sand‐fixing material. This study started from the synthesis of the poly{vinyl acetate‐dibutyl maleate‐acrylamide‐co‐3‐[N‐(2‐methacroyloylethyl)‐N, N‐dimethylammonio]‐propane sulfonate} [P(VAc‐DBM‐AM‐DMAPS)] copolymer emulsion. Then, the structures, composition, thermal property of the emulsion were characterized by ¹H‐NMR, FTIR, and DSC, respectively. The basic properties of the emulsion and salt tolerance of the latex films were measured by using viscometer, dynamic light scattering, and laser Doppler electrophoresis also. And the sand‐fixing properties of the emulsion were evaluated. Finally, the influence of the emulsion on the growth of soil microbe and plants were discussed for understanding its ecological effect. The experimental results showed that the emulsion has been successfully synthesized and could be as an ecological sand‐fixing material. The related reason is that, first, the emulsion could significantly improve the compressive strength and water retaining; second, the emulsion had good thermal aging, freeze‐thaw stabilities and salt tolerance to withstand the changes in temperature and NaCl concentration of salty desert; third, the influence of the emulsion on the growth of plants and microbe of sand also showed a dependable ecological effect. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43715.     

Quench Sensitivity of AA7N01 Alloy Used for High-Speed Train Body Structure

JOM - The quench sensitivity of AA7N01 aluminum alloy used for high-speed train body structure was investigated by end-quenching test, time–temperature-transformation curves simulation,...     

Fabrication of shish-kebab-structured carbon nanotube/poly(ε-caprolactone) composite nanofibers for potential tissue engineering applications

The electrospinning process was applied to fabricate the nanofibers of biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) in which different contents of multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) were embedded. Afterward,the electrospun nanofibers were successfully decorated with shish-kebab structure via a self-induced crystallization technique. The topographical features and the mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds were characterized,and the biocompatibility of the material was assessed by using human osteogenic sarcoma osteoblasts(MG-63 cells). The carbon nanotube(CNT) concentration is found to affect the fiber diameter and mechanical properties of electrospun nanofibers and the periodic distance of the shish-kebab architecture. Cellular attachment and proliferation assays reveal that 0.5 wt% CNT-embedded PCL scaffold shows enhanced biocompatibility with MG-63 cells than their counterparts made of neat PCL, and the collagen-like nanotopology provided by the shish-kebab structure further facilitates the cell adhesion and proliferation. The superior interactions between cells and scaffolds demonstrate that the shish-kebab-structured CNTs/PCL nanofibers may be promising candidate for tissue engineering scaffold application.     

MKP结合高铝质耐火浇注料的性能研究

研究了以氧化镁和磷酸二氢钾反应所得的镁质磷酸盐水泥胶凝材料（MKP）为结合剂的高铝质浇注料的性能及影响该浇注料性能的诸因素。探索性研究发现：硅灰的用量是该浇注料体系850℃和1 100℃强度的主要影响因素,MKP胶凝体系的用量是110℃强度的主要决定因素,而1 100℃的线收缩率的主要影响因素是氧化镁和磷酸二氢钾的摩尔比值。并且此浇注料的强度不但与煅烧温度有关,而且还和氧化镁的活性有关,因此可以通过调节硼砂的量和氧化镁的活性来调节体系的可作业时间。     

钠基膨润土胶质价测试方法的改进

以两种人工钠化膨润土为研究对象,探讨了文献胶质价测试方法的不合理性、取土量和MgO量这两个关键因素。实验结果表明:用常规100 mL量筒测胶质价时,取土量和MgO量影响较大,有必要针对具体试样做条件试验,最佳条件是1#钠土为取3.00 g土、0.2 g MgO,2#钠土为取5.00 g土、0.33 g MgO。     

粳高粱和糯高粱酿造的川法小曲白酒风味物质差异分析

目的 解析粳高粱和糯高粱酿造的川法小曲白酒风味物质差异。方法 对发酵过程酒醅理化指标和出酒率进行了检测分析,利用顶空固相微萃取气相色谱质谱联用法(headspacesolidphasemicroextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS)、氢火焰气相色谱法(gas chromatography flame ionization detector, GC-FID)、偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis, PLS-DA)结合感官评定分析了基酒挥发性风味物质。结果糯高粱原料出酒率极显著高于粳高粱(P<0.01);HS-SPME-GC-MS共检测出39种物质,主要为酯类和醇类物质;粳高粱发酵基酒中异丁醇、异戊醇和乙醛含量显著高于糯高粱发酵基酒(P<0.05,P<0.01),糯高粱发酵基酒中乙酸乙酯和乙酸含量显著高于粳高粱发酵基酒(P<0.05, P<0.01)。结论 出酒率和主要风味物质的...     

利用有限元分析软件的二次开发技术以实现异型Tripe-TEM传输室特性阻抗计算的参数化

本文介绍有限元分析软件--ANSYS的二次开发技术,利用该软件的技术,开发了Tripe-TEM传输室三维特性阻抗计算的参数化通用模块.与传统计算方法相比,采用参数化通用模块计算不仅提高了计算的效率,也能有效地控制计算的精确度.     

填饲后朗德鹅肉脂营养成分分析及营养价值评定

选择引进的纯种法国朗德鹅进行饲养,在85日龄时,选体质强壮、健康无病、体重在4.0～43千克的朗德鹅70只进行1个月的肥育填饲,比较研究了不同填饲期的朗德鹅胸腿肌化学组成、氨基酸含量、皮下脂肪和肾脂肪的一般化学特性及主要高级脂肪酸组成等肉脂基本性状.测定结果表明:朗德鹅肌肉的干物质含量为26.27%～26.59%,粗蛋白为18.03%～19.98%,粗脂肪为8.33%～10.33%,灰分1.31%～1.92%,Ca0.03%～0.06%,P0.12%～0.15%;朗德鹅肌肉的各种必需氨基酸含量(除色氨酸外)均较高,特别是对人类具有特殊意义的赖氨酸含量高达1.07%～1.23%,与风味关系密切的谷氨酸高达2.61%～2.67%.朗德鹅脂肪的不饱和脂肪酸含量较高(59.50%～64.80%).脂肪化学特性:碘价60.69～81.02,酸价0.4521～0.5344,皂化价195.21～195.47.得出结论:填饲后朗德鹅肌肉富含呈风味物质、必需氨基酸含量丰富、脂肪含量低并且不饱和脂肪酸含量高,是人类较好的动物肉食原料.     

基于改进 U-Net 的金具图像小样本识别算法研究

电力金具巡检是保证电网安全运行的关键任务。针对因金具样本类别不平衡、金具图像背景复杂而导致的误检、漏检问题,提出了一种改进U型网络(U-shaped network, U-Net)的检测方法。首先,通过生成对抗网络生成虚拟金具样本扩充数据集,解决数据集中样本类别不平衡的问题;然后,提出一种前景增强方法,在网络输出的特征图中加入背景掩膜,并优化损失函数;最后,将注意力机制嵌入U-Net,以提高模型在复杂背景下提取金具特征的能力。经实验证明,改进算法对电力金具目标的检测效果良好,其金具检测准确率达到98.82%,平均交并比达到83.94%,精确率达到91.01%,召回率达到86.18%,平均精度均值达到89.73%。改进算法不仅可应用于正常金具的检测,还有效适用于生锈金具的检测,为电力金具智能化检测提供了一种新思路。