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21.
Claudia Siverino Shorouk Fahmy-Garcia Didem Mumcuoglu Heike Oberwinkler Markus Muehlemann Thomas Mueller Eric Farrell Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch Joachim Nickel 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(7)
For the treatment of large bone defects, the commonly used technique of autologous bone grafting presents several drawbacks and limitations. With the discovery of the bone-inducing capabilities of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), several delivery techniques were developed and translated to clinical applications. Implantation of scaffolds containing adsorbed BMP2 showed promising results. However, off-label use of this protein-scaffold combination caused severe complications due to an uncontrolled release of the growth factor, which has to be applied in supraphysiological doses in order to induce bone formation. Here, we propose an alternative strategy that focuses on the covalent immobilization of an engineered BMP2 variant to biocompatible scaffolds. The new BMP2 variant harbors an artificial amino acid with a specific functional group, allowing a site-directed covalent scaffold functionalization. The introduced artificial amino acid does not alter BMP2′s bioactivity in vitro. When applied in vivo, the covalently coupled BMP2 variant induces the formation of bone tissue characterized by a structurally different morphology compared to that induced by the same scaffold containing ab-/adsorbed wild-type BMP2. Our results clearly show that this innovative technique comprises translational potential for the development of novel osteoinductive materials, improving safety for patients and reducing costs. 相似文献
22.
Tilo Welker Thomas Geiling Heike Bartsch Jens Müller 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2013,10(3):405-412
Low‐temperature co‐fired ceramics (LTCC) enable the fabrication of microfluidic elements such as channels and embedded cavities in electrical devices. Hence, LTCC facilitate the realization of complex and integrated microfluidic devices. Examples can be applied in many areas like reaction chambers for synthesis of chemical compounds. However, for many applications it is necessary to have an optically transparent interface to the surroundings. The integration of optical windows in LTCC opens up a wide field of new and innovative applications such as the observation of chemiluminescent reactions. These chemical reactions emit electromagnetic radiation and thus offer a method for noninvasive detection. Thin glasses (≤500 μm) were bonded by thermocompression onto a LTCC substrate. As the bonding agent, a glass frit paste was used. Borosilicate glasses, fused silica as well as silicon were successfully bonded onto LTCC. To join materials with a large coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch (i.e., fused silica and LTCC), it is necessary to limit the heat input to the bond interface. Therefore, a heating structure was integrated into the LTCC substrate beneath the bond interface. This bonding process provides a gas‐tight optical port with a high bond strength. 相似文献
23.
Michael Rozumek Peter Majewski Heike Schluckwerder Fritz Aldinger Klaus Künstler Gerhard Tomandl 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2004,87(9):1795-1798
Ceramics of the melilite-type compound La1+ x Sr1− x Ga3 O7−δ were prepared by conventional ceramic processing. Samples prepared represented the entire homogeneity region of the phase (i.e., x =−0.15 to 0.60). Electrochemical characterization under variable temperature and atmospheric conditions in the vicinity of air entailed four-point direct-current conductivity measurements and electromotive force measurements. La1+ x Sr1− x Ga3 O7−δ samples exhibited a p -type behavior with generally increased conductivity with increased substitution of lanthanum for strontium, which reached a saturation value of ∼10−1 S·cm−1 at 950°C. 相似文献
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The M?bius strip trade fair stand was designed and built by students of the Faculty of Architecture of Darmstadt Technical
University in collaboration with students of the Faculty of Mathematics. The project focused on two main issues: to introduce
computer-driven parametric design and production strategies, techniques and technologies into architectural education, and
to build and operate the final result. This required knowledge of different software packages and readiness to become familiar
quickly with unknown data formats, flexibility in the time schedule and disposition to transport the material to the machinery.
It introduced students to the possibilities of designing with parametric modeling software and familiarized them with the
initial difficulties and ample payback in actual production. 相似文献
26.
Marcel Müri Bernd Gotsmann Yann Leroux Marius Trouwborst Emanuel Lörtscher Heike Riel Marcel Mayor 《Advanced functional materials》2011,21(19):3706-3714
Due to the increasing importance of modified electrodes for many applications in nanotechnology, including molecular electronics, bioelectronics, and sensors, there is a need to find ways to chemically attach suitable molecular films onto the electrodes. Combining the electroreduction of aryl diazonium salts with the Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction, a new modular technique to modify electrodes is presented. The new technique allows a wide range of functional groups to be introduced onto electrode surfaces with high surface coverage by the functional subunit. Various organic subunits, including redox chromophores, are successfully attached to platinum electrodes. The corresponding films are characterized using cyclic voltammetry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact‐angle measurements. The electroreduction of diazonium salts is successfully achieved on a broad variety of conducting and semiconducting surfaces, which shows that the technique is applicable to a broad variety of substrates. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die Gestaltung optimaler Anreizsysteme für zwei Typen von Erfolgsbeteiligungen: die lineare und die sprungfixe Belohnungsfunktion. Im Gegensatz zu der üblichen Annahme der Principal-Agent-Theorie einer einmaligen Realisation eines Projekts betrachten wir die spezielle Situation, daß eine mehrmalige Wiederholung eines bestimmten Projekttyps in gleicher Form möglich ist. Es wird gezeigt, daß für den Fall der Risikoversion des Entscheidungsträgers und Risikoneutralität der Instanz die sprungfixe Belohnungsfunktion gegenüber der linearen Belohnungsfunktion von Vorteil sein kann.Wir danken einem anonymen Gutachter für wertvolle Verbesserungsvorschläge. 相似文献
30.
A fast and convenient method for on-line monitoring of the extraction of heavy metals from solid (environmental) matrixes was developed. By the incorporation of microcartridges filled with dried and pulverized solid samples into the conduits of a flow system and appropriate selection of the liquid flowing through the cartridge, information about the degree of leaching and in particular of the kinetics of the leaching process are obtained. The method was optimized for determination of different metals of environmental concern using in-line detection by FAAS and ICPMS. 相似文献