塑料电镀Ⅴ--直接镀

很久以前就有用于印制线路板通孔壁镀覆金属的工艺,现在这些工艺开始采用所谓的“直接电镀”方法以取代早先昂贵而又复杂的金属化学镀。由于金属可以桥接塑料件与挂具接触的距离,所以在塑料上的电镀就更加困难。其中存在许多不同的可能性能提供足够的导电性而间隔微小的距离。人们进行了多种尝试,金属硫化物体系至今仍然在使用,该体系有不少缺点,如工艺步骤过长、挂具绝缘。有一项发明采用含铜离子的碱性溶液浸渍处理,将沉积了胶体钯颗粒的表面转变为导电层,这项发明已获得了市场应用而且对于铸模ABS塑料镀覆金属效果不错。这项以“Futuron”命名的工艺．由与胶体钯共沉积的亚锡将铜还原,铜填充于胶体颗粒间的空隙。所形成的导电层其化学稳定性足以抵御酸铜镀液中的硫酸,因而可适用任何一种酸铜镀液。Futuron工艺节省时间,有利于环境保护;而且因操作容易．电镀车间整体废品率下降。     

Einsatzkriterien für textile Filtermedien

Criteria for the use of textile filter media . The chemical, thermal and mechanical requirements that have to be taken into consideration for the selection of a filter medium, with regard to the kinds of synthetic fibers (related to today's filter uses), for the different procedures involved in wet and dry filtration are described. The influence of the structure of the filter fabric, in both pore and mesh and it's effect on filter efficiency is shown. The requirements for making-up are explained and the possible types of elements for use in textile filter media are mentioned.     

Generation of GPI-linked CCL5 based chemokine receptor antagonists for the suppression of acute vascular damage during allograft transplantation

Limiting the acute vascular damage associated with leukocyte infiltration is a central issue in solid organ transplantation. The family of chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) helps to regulate leukocyte recruitment. Systemic treatment with the chemokine ligand-5 (CCL5) based antagonist Met-RANTES has previously shown to suppress acute damage to transplanted kidneys by blocking effector cell recruitment. To address problems associated with systemic long-term administration of chemokine receptor antagonists, a chemokine based reagent was designed to be integrated into endothelial surfaces of the organ just before transplantation. Proteins anchored by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), when purified and added to cells, are efficiently incorporated into their cell surface membranes. A series of modifications were introduced into the CCL5 protein to generate a functional antagonist. These included the addition of an N-terminal methionine group, a mutation to render the protein a dimer and a GPI signal sequence for surface expression. The resultant protein was stably expressed in CHO cells, GPI anchorage was confirmed and the protein purified by FPLC. Exogenously administered Met-CCL5(dimer)-GPI was efficiently inserted into the membrane of microvascular endothelial cells. The reagent is being tested in murine models of renal transplantation. The effect on subsequent immune induced damage will be assessed.     

User,Use & Utility Research

Business and Information Systems Engineering (BISE) is at a turning point. Planning, designing, developing and operating IT used to be a management task of a few elites in public administrations and corporations. But the continuous digitization of nearly all areas of life changes the IT landscape fundamentally. Success in this new era requires putting the human perspective – the digital user – at the very heart of the new digitized service-led economy. BISE faces not just a temporary trend but a complex socio-technical phenomenon with far-reaching implications. The challenges are manifold and have major consequences for all stakeholders, both in information systems and management research as well as in practice. Corporate processes have to be re-designed from the ground up, starting with the user’s perspective, thus putting usage experience and utility of the individual center stage. The digital service economy leads to highly personalized application systems while organizational functions are being fragmented. Entirely new ways of interacting with information systems, in particular beyond desktop IT, are being invented and established. These fundamental challenges require novel approaches with regards to innovation and development methods as well as adequate concepts for enterprise or service system architectures. Gigantic amounts of data are being generated at an accelerating rate by an increasing number of devices – data that need to be managed. In order to tackle these extraordinary challenges we introduce ‘user, use & utility’ as a new field of BISE that focuses primarily on the digital user, his or her usage behavior and the utility associated with system usage in the digitized service-led economy. The research objectives encompass the development of theories, methods and tools for systematic requirement elicitation, systems design, and business development for successful Business and Information Systems Engineering in a digitized economy – information systems that digital users enjoy using. This challenge calls for leveraging insights from various scientific disciplines such as Design, Engineering, Computer Science, Psychology and Sociology. BISE can provide an integrated perspective, thereby assuming a pivotal role within the digitized service led economy.     

Life cycle assessment of the offshore wind farm alpha ventus

Due to better wind conditions at sea, offshore wind farms have the advantage of higher electricity production compared to onshore and inland wind farms. In contrast, a greater material input, leading to increased energy consumptions and emissions during the production phase, is required to build offshore wind farms. These contrary effects are investigated for the first German offshore wind farm alpha ventus in the North Sea. In a life cycle assessment its environmental influence is compared to that of Germany’s electricity mix.In comparison to the mix, alpha ventus had better indicators in nearly every investigated impact category. One kilowatt-hour electricity, generated by the wind farm, was burdened with 0.137 kWh Primary Energy-Equivalent and 32 g CO₂-Equivalent, which represented only a small proportion of the accordant values for the mix. Furthermore, the offshore foundations as well as the submarine cable were the main energy intensive components. The energetic and greenhouse gas payback period was less than one year.Therefore, offshore wind power, even in deep water, is compatible with the switch to sustainable electricity production relying on renewable energies. Additional research, taking backup power plants as well as increasingly required energy storage systems into account, will allow further calculation.     

Reaktive Träger mit Maleinimidgruppen zur Immobilisierung von Enzymen, 2

Crosslinked copolymers of acrylonitrile or acrylonitrile and acrylic acid were modified by reacting them with N-methylolmaleimide. Thiolated enzymes or enzymes with native SH-groups could be immobilized on these carriers successfully.     

Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Arbeitswalzen für Kaltwalzwerke

Fehlerarten in Walzen für Kaltwalzwerke. Anforderungen an eine optimal arbeitende Ultraschall-Prüfanlage. Beschreibung des neuentwickelten mit der Immersionstechnik arbeitenden Walzenprüfstandes und Darstellung des Fehleranzeigeverfahrens. Prüfergebnisse von geschmiedeten und gegossenen Walzen mit und ohne Innenbohrung. Verfolgung eines wachsenden Risses und Bewertung der Prüfergebnisse im Hinblick auf die Einsatzdauer der Kaltwalze.