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51.
Compression molding and melt‐spinning of the blends of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate) 下载免费PDF全文
Weraporn Pivsa‐Art Sommai Pivsa‐Art Kazunori Fujii Keiichiro Nomura Kiyoaki Ishimoto Yuji Aso Hideki Yamane Hitomi Ohara 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2015,132(16)
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biobased polymer made from biomass having high mechanical properties for engineering materials applications. However, PLA has certain limited properties such as its brittleness and low heat distortion temperature. Thus, the aim of this study is to improve toughness of PLA by blending with poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate) (PBSA), the biodegradable polymer having high toughness. Polymer blends of PLA and PBSA were prepared using a twin screw extruder. The melt rheology and the thermal property of the blends were examined. Further the blends were fabricated into compression molded parts and melt‐spun fiber and were subjected to tensile and impact tests. When the PBSA content was low, PBSA phase was finely dispersed in the PLA matrix. On the other hand, when the PBSA content was high, this minor phase dispersed as a large droplet. Mechanical properties of the compression molded parts were affected by the dispersion state of PBSA minor component in PLA matrix. Impact strength of the compression molded parts was also improved by the addition of soft PBSA. The improvement was pronounced when the PBSA phase was finely dispersed in PLA matrix. However, the mechanical property of the blend fibers was affected by the postdrawing condition as well as the PBSA content. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41856. 相似文献
52.
In this paper, photoresponsive behavior of multi-bilayered films having precisely controlled layer thickness prepared by stacking an azo-functionalized polymer liquid crystal, PMAzXAc, and polyvinyl alcohol alternatively, PVA, is described. The multi-bilayered films were found to reflect a light of specific wavelength depending on the layer thickness and refractive index, and showed the reversible change in the reflection intensity by irradiation with visible and UV lights. The change in the reflection intensity was brought about by change in the molecular orientation of PMAzXAc between an out-of-plane orientation and a photo-induced isotropic state, and was strongly dependent on the number of methylene spacer of PMAzXAc linking the azobenzene side group with the acrylate polymer main chain. PMAz6Ac with hexa-methylene spacer showed the largest change in the reflection intensity, while smaller change in the reflection intensity was observed for PMAzXAc having shorter or longer methylene spacer than 6. The effect of the methylene spacers on the photochemical change in the molecular orientation of azobenzene chromophores in the multi-bilayered films will be discussed. 相似文献
53.
Shinzi Kato Hideki Kageyama Kazutaka Takagi Kazuaki Mizoguchi Toshiaki Murai 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》1990,332(6):898-910
A series of sodium selenocarboxylates 2 were isolated from the reaction of diacyl selenides with sodium ethanolate and characterized. A convenient preparation of the sodium salts 2 by the direct reaction of acyl chlorides with sodium selenide was also established. The salts are colourless to slightly pale yellow crystals and labile towards moisture. They readily react with alkyl iodides at room temperature to give the corresponding Se-alkyl esters 3 . 相似文献
54.
酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)孢子壁是一个多层结构,其最外层为二酪氨酸层,由酚类化合物NN′-二甲酰基二酪氨酸组成。二酪氨酸层是酵母孢子壁独有的结构,在酵母营养细胞的细胞壁中不存在。因为许多细胞酚类化合物能够清除自由基,我们猜测NN′-二甲酰基二酪氨酸可以作为一种抗氧化剂。为了研究孢子的抗氧化性,将营养细胞、野生型孢子和dit1△孢子培养在强氧化剂H_2O_2中,观察现象。本研究发现相对于酵母营养细胞,含有二酪氨酸层的野生型孢子具有抗自由基的能力使孢子具有抗氧化活性,同时二酪氨酸层缺陷型菌株dit1△孢子对自由基敏感。另外,本研究发现NN′-二甲酰基二酪氨酸能够清除自由基。因此,NN′-二甲酰基二酪氨酸可在未来用作一种新型的抗氧化材料。 相似文献
55.
真核细胞中大部分膜融合过程由SNARE蛋白介导,但其功能和调节机制尚未完全清楚。酵母孢子形成是研究囊泡融合机制包括SNARE蛋白的理想模型系统。在该过程中涉及t-SNARE蛋白Sso1,它是突触囊泡融合所需蛋白syntaxin 1A的同源物,两者SNARE区域有51%的同源性。尽管如此,将SSO1的SNARE区域完全替换成syntaxin 1A,而构建的嵌合体却无法回补sso1△突变的产孢缺陷。为了确定哪些残基为Sso1功能所必须,作者进行了嵌合体和突变分析,发现Sso1/syntaxin 1A嵌合体中syntaxin 1A的SNARE区域的220位丙氨酸换成谷氨酸后获得产孢功能。另外,Sso1发生相应的突变-218位谷氨酸突变成丙氨酸后失去其功能。因此,218位谷氨酸残基为Sso1产孢功能所必须。 相似文献
56.
Sitthipong Nalinanon Soottawat Benjakul Hideki Kishimura 《European Food Research and Technology》2010,231(2):259-269
Pepsins 1 and 2 from the stomach of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) were purified to homogeneity by using a series of chromatographic purification involving DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-50 and
Sephadex G-75 with increase in purity of 246-fold and 213-fold, respectively. Molecular weights of pepsins 1 and 2 were estimated
by SDS–PAGE to be 33.9 and 33.7 kDa, respectively. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the first 20 amino acids of both
isoenzymes were YQDGTEPMTNDADLSYYGVI. The optimal pH and temperature for pepsin 1 were 2.5 and 50 °C, respectively, while
pepsin 2 showed optimal activity at pH 2.0 and 45 °C. The activity of two pepsins was stable in the pH range of 2–5 and at
temperatures up to 50 °C. The activity of purified pepsins was strongly inhibited by pepstatin A in a dose-dependent manner.
SDS and cysteine showed inhibitory effects toward both pepsins. Activity of pepsin 2 was slightly activated by NaCl, but NaCl
had no effect on pepsin 1. Pepsins 1 and 2 had high affinity and hydrolytic activity toward hemoglobin with K
m of 54 and 71 μM, respectively. k
cat of pepsins 1 and 2 were 38.1 and 44.3 s−1, respectively. Both pepsins effectively hydrolyzed bovine serum albumin, egg white, natural actomyosin from brownstripe red
snapper muscle and acid-solubilized collagen from arabesque greenling skin. Nevertheless, the hydrolytic activity was slightly
less than that of pepsin from porcine stomach. 相似文献
57.
Hideki Shige Toshitsugu Ishikawa Michio Suzukawa Masato Nishiwaki Takeshi Yamashita Kei Nakajima Toshimitsu Ito Kenji Higashi Makoto Ayaori Atsushi Yonemura Paul Nestel Haruo Nakamura 《Lipids》1998,33(12):1169-1175
The effects of vitamin E on cholesteryl ester (CE) metabolism in 1774 cells were examined. Pretreatment of 1774 cells with
vitamin E at concentrations above 50 μM significantly decreased acetylated low density lipoprotein (LDL)-induced incorporation
of [14C]oleate into CF in cells in a dose-dependent manner. This was partly due to vitamin E Also significantly inhibiting the uptake
of [3H]CE-labeled acetylated LDL by 1774 cells. A trend existed toward suppression of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT)
activity in the cell lysate at high vitamin E concentration, but there was no effect on hydrolysis of CE. These data indicate
that vitamin E reduces the uptake of modified LDL and suppresses ACAT activity, resulting in less cholesterol esterification
in macrophages; a novel mechanism underlying the antiatherogenic properties of vitamin E. 相似文献
58.
Yoshihiko Okada Kaori Sasaki Baiqian Zhong Hideki Ishida Takeshi Mitsuda 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1994,77(5):1319-1323
A mixture of CaO and silicic acid prepared with a Ca/Si ratio of 2.0 was hydrothermally synthesized at 80° to 200°C, and the thermal decomposition behavior of the products (C-S-H with Ca(OH)2 ) was analyzed using XRD, 29 Si MAS NMR, and the trimethylsililation method (TMS). It was found that the main silicate anion structure of C-S-H was a mixture of a dimer and a single-chain polymer (larger than Si5 O16 ) and that polymerization advanced with an increase of the synthesizing temperature. On heating, the products decomposed to form β-C2 S. It was found that the decomposition was gradual and that the-higher the temperature of hydrothermal synthesis, the lower was the temperature of the decomposition into β-C2 S. Although the decomposition proceeded to form a monomer (β-C2 S) from the polymer and dimer, this dimer was resistant to heat and did not decompose unless heated to above 400°C. 相似文献
59.
Hideki Koyama 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2006,36(9):999-1003
Dilute HF solutions with concentrations down to 0.03% have been used to obtain luminescent porous silicon (PSi) layers on p-type Si wafers. The experimental results show that with a constant etching time of 30 min, PSi layers with sufficient luminescence efficiencies can be formed for HF concentrations as low as 0.1%. Because of a significantly lowered critical current density, only very low etching current densities of ≤0.1 mA cm−2 can result in the formation of luminescent PSi samples in 0.1% HF solutions. A notable result is that these low etching current densities cannot be used to form luminescent PSi layers in concentrated ( ≥1%) HF solutions. The behavior of PL intensity as a function of etching current density has been analyzed over a wide range of HF concentration. The PL intensity is determined by the ratio of the etching current density to the critical current density, suggesting that the presence of silicon oxides plays an important role in the formation of luminescent Si nanostructures in PSi layers. 相似文献
60.
Sang-Kyu Shin Jeong-Eun Sim Hideki Kishimura Byung-Soo Chun 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2012,18(1):546-550
Ethanolysis of menhaden oil was performed with 1,3-regiospecific lipase to produce diglycerides and monoglycerides containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid ethyl esters. Immobilized lipases like lipozyme TL-IM (Thermomuces lanuginosa immobilized on silica gel) were used for enzymatic ethanolysis. Ethanolysis was carried out in different processes (solvent free, organic solvent and supercritical fluid system) to compare the reaction rate and yield obtained by menhaden oil ethanolysis. Organic solvent (hexane) and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) were used as reaction medium. The reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Higher amounts of ethanol as a substrate caused substrate inhibition which dramatically decreased the reaction rate of ethanolysis. To elucidate the effect of pressure, enzymatic ethanolysis was performed in SC-CO2 at pressures ranging from 75 to 121 bar. Enzymatic ethanolysis of menhaden oil in SC-CO2 decreased by substrate inhibition. Reaction rate and optimum amount of ethanol used were depended on SC-CO2 density individually. Kinetic model with substrate inhibition (dead-end inhibition) by excess ethanol was set up to measure the reaction and inhibition rates. 相似文献