Leaving chastity behind: The analyst's use of her sexual response.

The analyst's sexual subjectivity is not only a source of vital information to be distilled privately but also the wellspring for effecting change, especially in those patients who see in their sexual selves essential aspects of their being. To engage these aspects of the patient, this article argues that the female analyst must also allow her own erotic response, including attendant emotions, to become available for discourse with the patient. Clinical illustrations provide a perspective from a female clinician in a primarily heterosexual position with male patients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Modulation of the inhibitory substrate properties of oligodendrocytes by platelet-derived growth factor

Although growth cones typically collapse after encountering O1/galactocerebroside (GalC)-positive oligodendrocytes, the majority of growth cones traversed oligodendrocytes, which were raised for 8-10 d in medium containing 10 ng/ml platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Oligodendrocytes raised 8-10 d in control medium caused growth cone collapse as they normally do, but failed to elicit this response after being transferred to PDGF-containing medium for an additional 8-10 d. The opposite was observed when PDGF-treated oligodendrocytes were brought to control medium. Growth cones collapsed when contacting these cells. Oligodendrocytes also lost their collapse-inducing activity when raised in medium conditioned by astrocytes, known to produce PDGF. Antibody IN-1 is directed against against neurite growth inhibitors (NI), proteins of 35 and 250 kDa on the surface of O1/GalC-positive oligodendrocytes, which are known to elicit growth cone collapse. IN-1 immunoreactivity was markedly reduced in PDGF-treated oligodendrocytes. However, both PDGF-treated and control oligodendrocytes exhibited myelin-associated glycoprotein, proteolipid protein, and myelin basic protein immunoreactivity. This suggests that PDGF-treatment affects NI expression but does not interfere with the expression of advanced myelin marker proteins. Because NI cause growth cone collapse, the loss of collapse-inducing activity by PDGF-treated oligodendrocytes suggests that PDGF regulates, directly or indirectly, the expression of these proteins.     

Play, creativity, and adaptive functioning: implications for play interventions

This study focuses on the potential role for nitric oxide on the actions of the parasympathetic innervation to the heart. Earlier, we showed that the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) reduced the bradycardia induced by stimulation of vagal efferent motor fibres and that these effects are reversible through administration of the NOS substrate L-arginine. In the present study, we show that D-arginine does not reverse the effects of the inhibitors and confirm that they are reversed by L-arginine. Another NOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG), produced similar effects which were not reversed by L-arginine. In an examination of the effect of increasing NO availability with the NO donor sodium nitroprusside the vagally induced bradycardia was enhanced at all frequencies tested. In a separate series, the effects of NOS inhibitors and NO donors on the dromotropic actions of the vagus were examined. The NOS inhibitor L-NAME, reduced the increase in atrio-ventricular conduction delay normally induced by efferent vagal stimulation at all frequencies tested both in the 'paced' and 'unpaced' heart. Further, sodium nitroprusside enhanced this delay. Overall the study indicates that NO has an important facilitatory role on both the chronotropic and dromotropic actions of the vagus nerve on the heart and that NO may be a rate-limiting factor in the cardiac responses to vagal stimulation.     

Thermal fatigue of Ti-24Ai-11NB/SCS-6

The effect of thermally cycling in air with no applied load was studied using the Ti-24A1-11Nb (atomic percent)/SCS-6 composite system. Mechanisms of damage determination were observable cracking and residual tensile properties. Either the number of cycles or the temperature range was varied from specimen to specimen. Effects of number of cycles were investigated using a temperature range of 150 °C to 815 °C. Comparisons of temperature range effects were made at a constant cycle count of 500. Matrix cracking was observed at a †T of 450 °C and greater when oxidation was significant. Transverse cracking was not observed in specimens that were cycled to maximum temperatures where oxidation was insignificant, even for †T's as large as 500 °C. A decrease in tensile properties coincided with the observed transverse matrix cracking. This paper is based on a presentation made in the symposium “Interfaces and Surfaces of Titanium Materials” presented at the 1988 TMS/AIME fall meeting in Chicago, IL, September 25–29, 1988, under the auspices of the TMS Titanium Committee.     

Development of strategies for reducing air pollutant emissions in the European community

In view of increasing economic and environmental problems, energy supply strategies as well as air pollutant emission reduction strategies are required. These strategies should be designed in accordance with the specific development of a country or region. In the past they were mainly considered with respect to the finiteness of natural resources and the scarcity of economic resources. In recent years the ‘joint-production’ of air pollutant emissions in the energy sector has been increasingly recognized as an additional argument. As a consequence, concepts on future energy pathways, which should be efficient with respect to both economic development and environmental protection, have to be devised. For this purpose energy-environmental models such as EFOM-ENV can be used as analytic tools. The paper discusses optimal future energy supply structures that result from different strategies for air-pollution control in the countries of the European Community. The results have been obtained by applying the energy flow optimization model (EFOM), which has been extended by additional environmental modules to EFOM-ENV. The issues of the paper are based on research activities that the authors are performing for the Commission of the European Communities (CEC), Brussels, and the European Research Center for Air Pollution Control Measures (PEF), Karlsruhe, in close co-operation with research institutes in member countries of the European Community.     

Description of the immatures of workers of the ant Linepithema micans forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Linepithema micans Forel is a poorly studied species that is now considered a pest in vineyards in South Brazil. Larval characters have been used in a few phylogenetic studies, and their importance greatly depends in the amount of available information on different species. This study presents a complete panorama on the external morphology of the immatures of L. micans based on observations by light and scanning electron microscopy. The number of larval instars was estimated as three based on the frequency distribution of head widths of 965 larvae. Larvae of L. micans were similar to other Linepithema Mayr in the general format of body and mandibles, presenting a dorsal abdominal protuberance, nine pairs of spiracle, and unbranched hairs. On the other hand, L. micans was unique for having shorter hairs, predominantly denticulate, intraspecific variation in the number of antennal sensilla and in the types of sensilla on the labial palps were reported. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Post-Kyoto CO2 emission reduction: The soft landing scenario analysed with POLES and other world models

Long-term outlooks are key tools for policy design in the energy sector. These outlooks should also include scenarios considering active policies that address the challenge of climate change. Consequently such a CO₂ emission reduction scenario was analysed as a case study within the ACROPOLIS project.     

The effect of temperature and culture history on the attachment of Metallosphaera hakonensis to mineral sulfides with application to heap bioleaching

Temperatures in excess of 60 °C are required for efficient bioleaching of chalcopyrite. Within heaps, colonisation of the mineral with thermophilic archaea is important in reaching and maintaining these high temperatures. The effect of temperature and culture history on the attachment of Metallosphaera hakonensis, an extreme thermophilic acidophile identified as a key player in heap bioleaching, to sulfide concentrates and low-grade ore was investigated in shake flasks and packed beds. Attachment studies were conducted at 25 °C, 45 °C and 65 °C. The results show a clear relationship between increasing temperature and attachment efficiency for both suspended and packed bed systems. Attachment at 25 °C was low. Increasing the temperature to 45 °C improved attachment efficiency by between 50% and 100% while a further increase to 65 °C improved attachment by an additional 20-50%. Cells cultured on elemental sulfur as energy source prior to contacting showed 1.3 times greater affinity for the mineral concentrate than those cultured on sulphide mineral concentrates or ferrous sulphate. In contrast to previous studies using mesophilic organisms the selective attachment of Metallosphaera to sulfide minerals, relative to gangue, was less pronounced. Attachment efficiency was lower in the packed bed system which more closely mimicked flow through a heap. The cell surface properties surface charge and hydrophobicity as well as metabolic activity were investigated to provide insight into the observed phenomena. The data suggest that retention of thermophiles within the heap could be enhanced by a secondary inoculation following elevation of the temperature above 40 °C by the mesophilic pioneer species.