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排序方式: 共有1072条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
In negation-limited complexity, one considers circuits with a limited number of NOT gates, being motivated by the gap in our understanding of monotone versus general circuit complexity, and hoping to better understand the power of NOT gates. We give improved lower bounds for the size (the number of AND/OR/NOT) of negation-limited circuits computing Parity and for the size of negation-limited inverters. An inverter is a circuit with inputs x 1,…,x n and outputs ¬ x 1,…,¬ x n . We show that: (a) for n=2 r ?1, circuits computing Parity with r?1 NOT gates have size at least 6n?log?2(n+1)?O(1), and (b) for n=2 r ?1, inverters with r NOT gates have size at least 8n?log?2(n+1)?O(1). We derive our bounds above by considering the minimum size of a circuit with at most r NOT gates that computes Parity for sorted inputs x 1≥???≥x n . For an arbitrary r, we completely determine the minimum size. It is 2n?r?2 for odd n and 2n?r?1 for even n for ?log?2(n+1)??1≤r≤n/2, and it is ?3n/2??1 for r≥n/2. We also determine the minimum size of an inverter for sorted inputs with at most r NOT gates. It is 4n?3r for ?log?2(n+1)?≤r≤n. In particular, the negation-limited inverter for sorted inputs due to Fischer, which is a core component in all the known constructions of negation-limited inverters, is shown to have the minimum possible size. Our fairly simple lower bound proofs use gate elimination arguments in a somewhat novel way. 相似文献
22.
The minimum number of NOT gates in a Boolean circuit computing a Boolean function f is called the inversion complexity of f. In 1958, Markov determined the inversion complexity of every Boolean function and, in particular, proved that log2(n+1) NOT gates are sufficient to compute any Boolean function on n variables. In this paper, we consider circuits computing non-deterministically and determine the inversion complexity of every Boolean function. In particular, we prove that one NOT gate is sufficient to compute any Boolean function in non-deterministic circuits if we can use an arbitrary number of guess inputs. 相似文献
23.
Yamamoto T Kato R Yamamoto HM Fukaya A Yamasawa K Takahashi I Akutsu H Akutsu-Sato A Day P 《The Review of scientific instruments》2007,78(8):083906
We have developed a technique for the anisotropic extension of fragile molecular crystals. The pressure medium and the instrument, which extends the pressure medium, are both made from epoxy resin. Since the thermal contraction of our instrument is identical to that of the pressure medium, the strain applied to the pressure medium has no temperature dependence down to 2 K. Therefore, the degree of extension applied to the single crystal at low temperatures is uniquely determined from the degree of extension in the pressure medium and thermal contractions of the epoxy resin and the single crystal at ambient pressure. Using this novel instrument, we have measured the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of metallic, superconducting, and insulating materials. The experimental results are discussed from the viewpoint of the extension (compression) of the lattice constants along the parallel (perpendicular) direction. 相似文献
24.
Koji Ishida Ken Hirota Osamu Yamaguchi Hideki Kume Suguru Inamura Hiroki Miyamoto 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1994,77(5):1391-1395
In the system ZrO2 –Al2 O3 , a new method for preparing ZrO2 solid solutions from ZrCl4 and AlCl3 using hydrazine monohydrate is investigated. c -ZrO2 solid solutions containing up to ∼40 mol% Al2 O3 crystallize at low temperatures from amorphous materials. The formation mechanism is discussed from IR spectral data. The values of the lattice parameter α increase linearly from 0.5072 to 0.5105 nm with increasing Al2 O3 content. At higher temperatures, transformation of the solid solutions proceeds as follows: c ( SS ) → t ( ss ) → t ( ss ) +α-Al2 O3 → m +α-Al2 O3 . m -ZrO2 –α-Al2 O3 composite ceramics are fabricated by hot isostatic pressing for 2 h at 1250°C and 196 MPa. Microstructures and mechanical properties are examined, in connection with increasing Al2 O3 content. 相似文献
25.
Fujihiko Matsumoto Shintaro Nakamura Hiroki Wasaki Yasuaki Noguchi 《International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications》2004,32(4):255-274
This paper presents design of linear bipolar OTAs, which are composed of two function blocks; one is an exponential‐law circuit and the other is a core cell. Multi‐tanh cells are employed as the core cell. This kind of OTA has lower power dissipation relatively to the conventional multi‐tanh cell. According as the order of the multi‐tanh core cell becomes higher, the number of circuit realization for the core cell increases. For example, we have two OTAs for the core circuit of an emitter‐coupled pair and four OTAs for the doublet core cell. Thus, we consider the generalized OTAs for an arbitrary order n of the core cell and obtain a formula to give the realization number of the linear OTAs for n. According to the formula, there must be eight OTAs in the case of n=3. All of the eight OTAs are examined. Analysis and simulation results show that the OTAs have advantage in their characteristics, such as linear input range, power dissipation, noise, and frequency response. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
26.
Masatsugu Nagai Yozo Fujino Hiroki Yamaguchi Eiji Iwasaki 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,9(5):444-452
This paper describes the feasibility of 1,400 m steel cable-stayed bridges from both structural and economic viewpoints. Because the weight of a steel girder strongly affects the total cost of the bridge, the writers present a procedure to obtain a minimum weight for a girder that ensures safety against static and dynamic instabilities. For static instability, elastoplastic, finite-displacement analysis under in-plane load and elastic, finite-displacement analysis under displacement-dependent wind load are conducted; for dynamic instability, multimodal flutter analysis is carried out. It is shown that static critical wind velocity of lateral torsional buckling governs the dimension of the girder. Finally, the writers briefly compare a cable-stayed bridge with suspension bridge alternatives. 相似文献
27.
Hisashi Abe Isao Yoshida Hiroki Hamada Derek Luke Yongbao Xin Yue Xu Rong Yang Eiric Johnstone Joe Acchione Paul Balmforth 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2004,12(3):275-280
Abstract— Defect‐free large‐area inorganic thick‐dielectric EL (TDEL) displays using Color by Blue (CBB) technology have been successfully developed. We have achieved the world's highest blue‐phosphor luminance of 900 cd/m2 for a single‐pixel device by using CBB and by optimizing the e‐beam gun configuration and the flow rate of H2S in the vacuum chamber. By analyzing the defects on panels with triple‐pattern phosphors and CBB panels, we also found that the number of defects on CBB panels can be drastically reduced compared with those on triple‐pattern panels. The defect‐free 17‐in. VGA CBB panels show better characteristics, a high peak luminance of 600 cd/m2 and a high contrast ratio of 1000:1, compared with those of triple‐pattern panels. 相似文献
28.
Hiroki Uehara Takuya Tamura Masaki Kakiage Takeshi Yamanobe 《Advanced functional materials》2012,22(10):2048-2057
Crystalline homopolymers, including polyethylene (PE), which has the simplest architecture, form a nanometer‐sized combination of crystalline and amorphous components, but their arrangement control, similar to self‐assembled phase‐separation of block‐copolymers, is usually difficult. However, molecular entanglements trapped between crystalline and amorphous components of homopolymers coincide with the segmental linking points on the interfaces of the microphase separation for block copolymers. Nanowrinkled PE membranes are prepared with a network of 30 nm‐thick homogeneous lamellae using a novel entanglement control technique composed of biaxial melt‐drawing and melt‐shrinking procedures, which are limited for highly entangled ultrahigh molecular weight materials. Such a network arrangement of nanowrinkling lamellae spreading on membrane surface and also across the membrane thickness improves the mechanical properties of both tensile strength and tearing strength. Subsequent cold‐drawing causes delamination of the lamellar interfaces, leading to the resultant nanoporous morphology composed of passing‐through channels that are several tens of nanometers in diameter, without any solvent processing. 相似文献
29.
Sanjay Kumar Ankur Jain Hiroki Miyaoka Takayuki Ichikawa Yoshitsugu Kojima 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2017,42(27):17178-17183
Bis(cyclopentadienyl) nickel II is one of the best precursors of nickel catalyst which remarkably improved the hydrogen absorption-desorption of Mg–MgH2 system. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Furrier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses revealed that bis (cyclopentadienyl) nickel II decomposed into metallic nickel during ball milling with MgH2. The nickel thus formed has homogeneously doped over the Mg - MgH2 surface. The Ni-doped Mg-MgH2 have shown the excellent catalytic effect on hydrogen absorption-desorption. The catalyzed MgH2 could desorb hydrogen below 225 °C (Tonset) under Ar flow, and absorb hydrogen at 50 °C under 1.5 MPa H2 pressure. The hydrogen absorption-desorption temperatures are remarkably decreased as compared to the uncatalyzed Mg-MgH2 system under the identical experimental conditions. 相似文献
30.
Adhesion between polymer surface modified by graft polymerization and tissue during surgery using an ultrasonically activated scalpel device
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Kwangwoo Nam Takuya Iwata Tsuyoshi Kimura Hiroki Ikake Shigeru Shimizu Toru Masuzawa Akio Kishida 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2014,131(20)
In the field of surgery, achieving adhesion between a polymer implant and tissue poses a challenge considering that suturing is not appropriate for the stability of such implants. An ultrasonically activated scalpel that generates heat by mechanical vibration and promotes adhesion between a polymer implant and native tissue by pressing the two materials together has very good potential for application in the field. To determine the type of polymer that is suitable for the purpose, we investigated polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) films, the surfaces of which were activated by corona discharge. Graft polymerization was then performed on the corona‐treated surfaces to vary their properties. The corona‐treated PE and PS films grafted with poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), poly(vinyl benzylacrylic acid), and poly(hydroxylethyl acrylate), respectively, adhered to the tissue when the ultrasonically activated scalpel was applied. The heat generated by the mechanical vibration and the applied pressure enabled the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups to bond with the proteins in the extracellular matrix. We therefore concluded that it was possible to integrate this technique in the development of new types of polymer devices that could be stably implanted in a living body. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40885. 相似文献