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61.
Hiroki Kannen Hisanao Hazama Yasufumi Kaneda Tatsuya Fujino Kunio Awazu 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(7):11234-11244
Recently, combined therapy using chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed as a means of improving treatment outcomes. In order to evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy, it is necessary to determine the distribution of the anticancer drug and the photosensitizer. We investigated the use of imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to simultaneously observe the distributions of an anticancer drug and photosensitizer administered to cancer cells. In particular, we sought to increase the sensitivity of detection of the anticancer drug docetaxel and the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) by optimizing the ionization-assisting reagents. When we used a matrix consisting of equal weights of a zeolite (NaY5.6) and a conventional organic matrix (6-aza-2-thiothymine) in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, the signal intensity of the sodium-adducted ion of docetaxel (administered at 100 μM) increased about 13-fold. Moreover, we detected docetaxel with the zeolite matrix using the droplet method, and detected PpIX by fluorescence and IMS with α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) using the spray method. 相似文献
62.
Aiichiro Nagaki Yiyuan Jiang Hiroki Yamashita Naoshi Takabayashi Yusuke Takahashi Jun-ichi Yoshida 《化学工程与技术》2019,42(10):2113-2118
The lithiation of 5,5′‐dibromo‐2,2′‐bithiophene with one equivalent of an alkyllithium such as n‐BuLi or s‐BuLi was studied by varying the residence time in flow microreactors. With a short residence time, the product 2,2′‐bithiophene (3) derived from dilithiation was obtained preferentially and a significant amount of the starting material 5,5′‐dibromo‐2,2′‐bithiophene remained unchanged. An increase in the residence time caused a higher yield of the product 5‐bromo‐2,2′‐bithiophene derived from monolithiation with expense in the yields of 2,2′‐bithiophene and 5,5′‐dibromo‐2,2′‐bithiophene. The lithiation using MeLi gave the product 5‐bromo‐2,2′‐bithiophene preferentially even with a very short residence time. 相似文献
63.
Hironao Ogura Hiroki Ishida Ryuta Yokooji Hiroyuki Kage Yoshizo Matsuno Arun S. Mujumdar 《Drying Technology》2001,19(7):1461-1477
The authors have been studying Chemical Heat Pumps (CHP) from the viewpoints of energy saving and environmental impact. The CHP can store thermal energy in the form of chemical energy by an endothermic reaction, and release it at various temperature levels during heat demand periods by exo/endothermic reactions. The authors have proposed in an earlier study a novel chemical heat pump (CHP) system for environmentally-friendly effective utilization of thermal energy in drying as a chemical heat pump dryer (CHPD). In this exploratory study, we test the effectiveness of operating the proposed CHPDs experimentally. Basic experiments on the CHPDs such as hot dry air production for convective drying are performed on lab-scale CHPD apparatuses using gas-solid reactions in calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide reactant beds. The proposed CHPDs are found to produce hot air by CHP operation for drying. The temperature levels of the produced hot air and the reaction rates/conversions are as good as in the case of hot water supply system using basically same CHP operation. The cold heat for air dehumidification is also found to be generated/recovered by the same CHPD system. The generated heat amounts can be increased by changing the operating conditions although the heat recovery must be enhanced for practical application of CHPDs. 相似文献
64.
Tetsuya Suemitsu Yoshino K. Fukai Hiroki Sugiyama Kazuo Watanabe Haruki Yokoyama 《Microelectronics Reliability》2002,42(1):47-52
The reliability of InP-based HEMTs is studied, focussing on how it is affected by the doped layer material and gate recess structure. Bias-and-temperature stress tests reveal that fluorine-induced donor passivation in the recess region, formed adjacent to the gate electrode, causes the source resistance (Rs) to increase at large drain bias voltages. The increase in Rs can be prevented by using InP or InAlP as the carrier supply layer material instead of InAlAs. On the other hand, the increase in the drain resistance (Rd) does not depend on the material of the carrier supply layer, which suggests that a mechanism different from that in the case of Rs should be considered. It is also found that a deep gate recess suppresses the increase in Rd after long-term stressing. 相似文献
65.
Fast Labelling of Natural Scenes Using Enhanced Knowledge 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hiroki Hayashi Mineichi Kudo Jun Toyama Masaru Shimbo 《Pattern Analysis & Applications》2001,4(1):20-27
A new technique for labelling natural scenes is proposed. This technique labels disjoint regions on an image of a natural
scene on the basis of knowledge about the relationship among objects. The proposed technique consists of three stages: (1)
segmentation, (2) initial labelling, and (3) label improvement. One of the most promising previous techniques uses simulated
annealing to find the solution, while our technique uses local hill-climbing with enhanced knowledge for speeding up the processing.
Local hill-climbing is known to be easy to be captured by a local minimum. We solved this problem by enhancing the knowledge
being used as constraints for the search. Our knowledge represents 1-to-n relationships among regions, pair-wise relationships of regions, and relative locations of the regions to the image. In addition,
we introduced two region features: an entropy in intensity; and a linearity of contours of each region. The linearity evaluation
aims to distinguish artificial objects from natural objects. The validity of the technique is supported by some experiments.
These experiments showed that the proposed technique is much faster with the almost same accurate. 相似文献
66.
Hiroki Nagasawa Akihiro Yamasaki Atsushi Iizuka Kazukiyo Kumagai Yukio Yanagisawa 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2009,55(12):3286-3293
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis is applied to CO2 recovery from alkaline carbonate solution. CO2 in flue gas is captured by an alkaline hydroxide absorbing solution to form an alkaline carbonate solution. The captured CO2 is recovered from the alkaline carbonate solution via bipolar membrane electrodialysis, and the alkaline solution is regenerated simultaneously. To reduce the power requirement for CO2 recovery, this study considers optimal design and operation. Three membrane arrangements were compared, and the results indicate the membrane arrangement comprising a bipolar membrane and cation exchange membrane is the most energy saving. With further optimization of operation conditions, the minimum power requirement for CO2 recovery was reduced to 2.1 MJ/kg‐CO2 (or 2.1 GJ/t‐CO2). © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009 相似文献
67.
68.
Yuki Matsushita Junko Taniguchi Ryo Toda Hiroki Ikegami Taku Matsushita Mitsunori Hieda Nobuo Wada 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》2008,150(3-4):342-346
We have studied heat capacities of 4He adsorbed in straight nanopores 1.8, 2.2, and 2.8 nm in diameter. Heat capacities of the 4He fluid film on the solid layer at 0.08–0.4 K show power laws close to T in 1.8 nm pores, close to T
2 in 2.8 nm pores, and a crossover from T to T
2 with increasing temperature in 2.2 nm pores. These heat capacities are explained by a model assuming a phonon dispersion
with continuous one-dimensional (1D) states in the axial direction and discrete energy levels in the azimuthal direction.
By fitting experimental data to the model, the phonon velocity along the pore axis and the energy gap for propagation in the
cross section are derived. At temperatures sufficiently lower than the energy gap, where the thermal wave length of phonons
is much longer than the effective pore diameter, the 4He fluid films show a T-linear heat capacity of 1D phonons propagating only along the pore axis. At higher temperatures, a 1D-2D crossover of phonons
occurs.
相似文献
69.
Shingo Hasegawa Shuji Isobe Hiroki Shizuya Katsuhiro Tashiro 《International Journal of Information Security》2009,8(5):347-355
The notion of pseudo-free group was first introduced by Hohenberger (Master’s thesis, EECS Dept., MIT, 2003). Rivest (TCC
2004. LNCS 2951, 505–521, 2004) formalized it and showed that several standard cryptographic assumptions hold on pseudo-free groups, such
as the RSA assumption, the strong RSA assumption and the discrete logarithm assumption. Rivest (TCC 2004. LNCS 2951, 505–521, 2004) also proposed some variations of pseudo-free group, and those were formalized by Hirano and Tanaka (Research
Reports, Series C: Computer Science, C-239, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2007). In this paper, we study the relationships
among such variations of pseudo-free group. We show that the pseudo-freeness implies the weak pseudo-freeness, and that the
pseudo-freeness is equivalent to the pseudo-freeness with generalized exponential expressions. We also show that the computational
Diffie-Hellman assumption holds on pseudo-free groups in a slightly varied form. 相似文献
70.
Independent component analysis (ICA) is a technique of transforming observation signals into their unknown independent components; hence, ICA has often been applied to blind signal separation problems. In this application, it is expected that the obtained independent components extract essential information of independent signal sources from input data in an unsupervised fashion. Based on such characteristics, ICA is currently utilized as a feature extraction method for images and sounds for recognition purposes. However, since ICA is an unsupervised learning, the obtained independent components are not always useful in recognition. To overcome this problem, we propose a supervised approach to ICA using category information. The proposed method is implemented in a conventional three‐layered neural network, but its objective function to be minimized is defined not only for the output layer but also for the hidden layer. The objective function consists of the following two terms: one evaluates the kurtosis of hidden unit outputs and the other evaluates the error between output signals and their teacher signals. The experiments are performed using several standard datasets to evaluate performance of the proposed algorithm. It is confirmed that a higher recognition accuracy is attained by the proposed method as compared with a conventional ICA algorithm. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 161(2): 25–32, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20522 相似文献