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排序方式: 共有350条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Zhenhao Ding Hiromichi Kasahara Michihiko Nakano Junya Suehiro 《IET nanobiotechnology / IET》2017,11(5):562
In this study, an electrical DNA detection method was applied to bacterial detection. DNA was extracted from bacteria and amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The microbeads were labelled with amplicons, altering their surface conductance and therefore their dielectrophoresis characteristics. Amplicon‐labelled microbeads could thus be trapped within a high‐strength electric field, where they formed a pearl chain between the electrodes, resulting in an increased conductance between the electrodes. This method reduces the amplicon detection time from 1–2 h to 15 min, compared with the conventional method. The presented method realised quantitative detection of specific bacteria at concentrations above 1 × 105 and 2.4 × 104 CFU/ml for bacterial solutions with and without other bacterial presence, respectively.Inspec keywords: microorganisms, enzymes, molecular biophysics, biochemistry, electrophoresis, bioelectric phenomena, DNA, biosensors, electrochemical electrodes, electrochemical sensors, microsensors, bioMEMS, surface conductivityOther keywords: bacterial detection, polymerase chain reaction, microbead dielectrophoresis characteristics, electrical DNA detection, surface conductance, amplicon‐labelled microbeads, high‐strength electric field, pearl chain, electrodes, amplicon detection time, quantitative detection, bacterial solutions, time 15 min to 2 h 相似文献
72.
This paper addresses a new type of model predictive control problem for a hybrid system that consists of a continuous‐time linear system and a temporal/spatial directed graph, called a directed‐graph constrained system. Motivated by the obstacle avoidance problem, the problem is newly formulated, where the continuous‐time control input and the waypoints of the state are simultaneously optimized under a temporal/spatial directed graph as well as input/state linear constraints, and a method for efficiently solving this problem is developed. Numerical examples are presented to verify that the proposed approach is effective. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
73.
The rheo-optical properties of a high-density polyethylene having a row-nucleated crystalline texture of a-axis orientation were investigated in the machine direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD) of fabricating the specimen. The tensile complex dynamic compliance function displays two dispersions designated as the α2 and α2 mechanical retardation processes with activation energies of about 21 and 35 kcal mol?1, respectively, for both MD and TD specimens, and the complex dynamic stress-optical coefficient function exhibits a single discrete dispersion designated as the α optical retardation process with an activation energy of about 24 kcal mol?1 for both specimens over the same frequency and temperature ranges as those covered for the dynamic mechanical measurements. The real and imaginary components of converge from positive values to almost zero at the highest frequencies and lowest temperatures covered for both specimens, with the exception of the real component of the MD specimen which converges to a small but definitely negative value. The analysis of this anomalous behaviour of the MD specimen in terms of the optical retardation time spectrum has ascribed the negative convergence to a negative form birefringence that arises from a dynamic lamellar splaying or bending process responding in phase with the dynamic bulk stress. The dynamic X-ray diffraction studies have revealed the α optical dispersion and possibly the α mechanical dispersion to be mostly attributed to the crystal orientation dispersions involving intralamellar shearing processes, i.e. detwisting and tilting processes of the lamellar segments for the MD and TD specimens, respectively. The optical dispersion, if any, associated with the lamellar splaying or bending process may be expected at higher frequencies or lower temperatures than those covered here to assign the β mechanical dispersion to the interlamellar shearing process. 相似文献
74.
Jerry F. Kriz Hiromichi Shimada Yuji Yoshimura Nobuyuki Matsubayashi Akio Nishijima 《Fuel》1995,74(12):1852-1857
A series of nickel-containing catalysts was prepared by a sequence of impregnation and calcining steps using a γ-alumina support. The calcined catalysts were reduced in a flow of hydrogen and mixtures of hydrogen with hydrogen sulfide. Both the calcining temperature and nickel loading strongly influenced the hydrogenation activity. The changes in surface species which resulted from some of the preparation steps were identified by spectroscopy. The catalysts containing nickel without molybdenum were quickly poisoned by sulfur, but a certa in sulfur tolerance was achieved by a two-step impregnation and calcining procedure. Improved hydrogenation activity and high hydrogenation vs. hydrocracking selectivity of nickel—molybdenum catalysts were obtained with relatively low loading of molybdenum and high loading of nickel. A three-step impregnation and calcining procedure appeared to produce the most effective catalysts. 相似文献
75.
Recent advances in high temperature catalytic combustion 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Catalytic combustion of methane has been investigated for the application to gas turbines. As the combustion is operated at high temperatures and high space velocity, heterogeneous reaction and surface-initiated gas phase reaction proceed concurrently. Thermal resistance to maintain large surface area is, therefore, requested to attain high combustion efficiency above 1000°C. Hexaaluminate compounds were effective in maintaining large surface area. On the other hand, palladium catalysts were generally employed for the combustion of methane below 1000°C. The prototype catalyst combustors were successfully tested with their high combustion efficiency and low NOx emission by using Pd based- and/or hexaaluminate catalysts. 相似文献
76.
Hiromichi Sagitani Yoshie Hayashi Michio Ochiai 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1989,66(1):146-152
The synthesis and solution properties of a homologous series of polyglycerol dodecyl ethers (R12Gn) are described. The phase behavior, surface tension, cloud point and HLB value (hydrophile lipophile balance) of these surfactants
in aqueous solutions and in mixed solutions of water/oil have been investigated and compared with values for polyoxyethylene
dodecyl ether (R12EOn). The surface tension measurements showed that R12Gn have sufficiently low values of surface tension and critical micellization concentration (cmc) to serve as useful nonionic
surfactants. The mesophases appearing in the R12Gn systems were more stable in a high temperature range than the mesophases of the R12EOn systems. The cloud point and HLB data indicated that addition of one glycerol group was equivalent to the addition of three
oxyethylene units, as far as the hydrophilic property was concerned. The phase diagrams of the R12Gn/dodecane/water systems showed that the solubilizing and emulsifying powers of R12Gn were greater than those of R12EOn. It is concluded that the polyglycerol chain can be even more useful as the hydrophilic part of nonionic surfactants than
the conventional oxyethylene chain. 相似文献
77.
The synthesis/hydrolysis of wax esters was studied in an aqueous solution using purified rat pancreatic lipase, porcine pancreatic
carboxylester lipase, and Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase. The equilibrium between wax ester synthesis and hydrolysis favored ester formation at neutral pH. The synthesizing
activities were measured using free fatty acid or triacylglycerol as the acyl donor and an equimolar amount of long-chain
alcohol as the acyl acceptor. When oleic acid and hexadecanol emulsified with gum arabic were incubated with these lipases,
was ester was synthesized, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the apparent equilibrium ratio of palmityl oleate/free
oleic acid was about 0.9/0.1. These lipases catalyzed the hydrolysis of palmityl oleate emulsified with gum arabic, and the
apparent equilibrium ratio of palmityl oleate/free oleic acid was also about 0.9/0.1. The apparent equilibrium ratio of wax
ester/free fatty acid catalyzed by lipase depended on incubation pH and fatty alcohol chain length. When equimolar amounts
of trioleoylglycerol and fatty acyl alcohol were incubated with pancreatic lipase, carboxylester lipase, or P. fluorescens lipase, wax esters were synthesized dose-dependently. These results suggest that lipases can catalyze the synthesis of wax
esters from free fatty acids or through degradation of triacylglycerol in an aqueous medium. 相似文献
78.
Hiromichi Shimada Nobuyuki Matsubayashi Toshio Sato Yuji Yoshimura Motoyasu Imamura Takashi Kameoka Akio Nishijima 《Catalysis Letters》1993,20(1-2):81-86
The dispersion of molybdenum sulfide catalysts was characterized based on the lateral dimensions of MoS2 crystallites estimated by EXAFS. A new index ofN(Mo)/N(S), instead ofN(Mo), was used to estimate the average MoS2 size to minimize the contribution of the coexisting oxide or oxisulfide phase in the catalysts. EXAFS showed some advantages over other techniques, such as TEM or XPS. 相似文献
79.
Hiromichi Shimada Nobuyuki Matsubayashi Motoyasu Imamura Toshio Sato Akio Nishijima 《Catalysis Letters》1996,39(1-2):125-128
Non-destructive depth profiling analysis with high surface sensitivity was performed by XPS with synchrotron radiation excitation. Comparison of the measured atomic ratios with the simulated ones revealed the presence of a thin Al- and Na-rich overlayer at the external surface of NaY particles. For HY zeolite particles, a gradual decrease in the Al/Si ratio from the external surface to the bulk was observed. 相似文献
80.
Masafumi Takesue Kenji Shimoyama Sachiko Murakami Yukiya Hakuta Hiromichi Hayashi Richard L. Smith Jr. 《The Journal of Supercritical Fluids》2007,43(2):214
Phase formation of Mn-doped zinc silicate (Zn2SiO4:Mn2+, ZSM) in high-temperature and high-pressure water was studied by in situ observations with a hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC). Precursor was prepared with zinc oxalate dihydrate, manganese oxalate, and silica, where the Zn/Mn/Si molar ratio was 192/8/120 to 199/1/120. Conditions of particle formation were at temperatures up to 650 °C and at pressures up to 1250 MPa. Precursors dissolved at temperatures of 145–203 °C and needle-like particles formed through homogeneous nucleation at temperatures from 357 to 374 °C, close to the critical point of water. The needle-like particles grew at growth rates of 0.5–3.8 μm/s and were identified to be ZSM as evident from their green luminescence. ZSM synthesized in supercritical water (400 °C for 180 min) by batch reactions had comparable luminescence with that of ZSM produced by solid-state reaction (1200 °C for 240 min) using the same precursor. The key finding in this work is that the precursors can be made to dissolve in near-critical water and that this allows ZSM to form via a homogeneous nucleation process. 相似文献