Evidence of spin density wave of CeOs4Sb12

Elastic neutron diffraction measurements were performed on single crystals to study the ground state below the mysterious exotic transition temperature 0.86 K. An antiferromagnetic order with a tiny moment of 0.027μB per formula is formedas the ground state for CeOs4Sb12 below the transition point. Our neutron data gives the evidence of spin density wave state for CeOs4Sb12 in this work.     

Acetylene Vacuum Carburizing

Almost 30 years has passed since the publication of materials on vacuum carburizing technology, and is attracting a great deal of attention as a technology capable of being used as a substitute for gas carburizing technology.However, the technology was not popular except in specific fields. The main reason for this is due to a variety of harmful influences accompanying the sooting problems caused by CH4 or C3H8. We have succeeded in that the occurrence of sooting was suppressed by utilizing acetylene, at extremely low pressure for carburizing (below 1 kPa). This process is now showing the excellent quality and prospects for this technology in terms of quality, economy and safety. At present almost 70 practical mass production furnaces are used in production lines, in Japan and abroad. At this time, we will report summary of the present acetylene vacuum carburizing process and the actual results obtained by these acetylene vacuum carburizing furnaces for mass production.     

Development of automatic fault point locating and sectional isolating system for power distribution line

This paper describes the development of the Automatic Fault Point Locating and Sectional Isolating System. This system locates a single-line-to-ground fault point at each pole by using ground-current sensors, and isolates the faulted section by controlling pole switches with no outage of unfaulted sections. The ground-current sensor is connected to the line between allied ground terminals of pole devices and grounded conductor. It detects a ground fault current of more than 0.64 amperes that is determined so as to avoid an unexpected operation by stray current, but to detect the fault current accurately, and sends out an emergency signal with time delay of 0.1 s. Sectional isolation starts when both the emergency signal from the sensor and relay operation signals from a substation are received and ends within a feeder circuit-breaker tripping time of 1.5 s.     

The flow characteristics of an upward gas‐liquid two‐phase flow in a vertical tube with a wire coil: Part 1. Experimental results of flow pattern,void fraction,and pressure drop

Experiments were carried out to investigate the flow pattern, average void fraction, and pressure drop of an upward air‐water two‐phase flow in vertical tubes of 25‐mm inside diameter with wire coils of varying wire diameter, pitch, and number of coils in cross section. Five kinds of flow patterns—bubble, slug, churn, semiannular, and annular flow—were defined based on the observation of flow behavior in the experiments. At higher water flowrates, the bubble‐to‐slug transition occurred at lower air flowrates in tubes with wire coils than in smooth tubes. The average void fraction was found by using the drift flux model. Further, the experimental results of the friction pressure drop were compared with the Lockhart‐Martinelli correlation. As a result, a correlation with the constant C in Chisholm's equation was obtained as a function of the wire coil pitch‐to‐diameter ratio. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(8): 639–651, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.10066     

Temperature dependency of bound water of cellulose studied by a high-resolution NMR spectrometer

The widths at half-value of high-resolution NMR spectra of bound water of cellulose were studied in relation to the temperature change. Two points were made clear: First, the amount of bound water of the cellulose sample can be pointed out with higher accuracy the lower the temperature of the measurement. Second, it is possible to determine in a simple manner the boundary temperature T_c at which water molecules become bound by the cellulose. T_c is characteristic of the cellulose sample of a given water content and corresponds to the glass transition temperature of the water-containing sample. The measurements appear to be readily applicable to other hydrophilic polymers.     

An English-Japanese machine translation system using the active dictionary

The development of a machine translation system is one of the most difficult computational tasks. Without a deep semantic analysis of both source and target languages, a machine translation system can not generate good results. This paper describes a machine translation system based on a new method called the Integral Method in which semantic analysis using an active dictionary plays a very important role.     

Recovery of gold from the plating rinse by adsorption with nylon fibers

Taking note of the affinity of some reverse osmosis membranes to Au(CN)^-₂ in the citrate buffered gold plating rinse, we accomplished the recovery of gold by the adsorption to some polymers. Among several polymers, tested nylon fibre had the most excellent characteristics of adsorption. The amount of adsorption of gold on nylon fiber increased with a decrease in pH value of the solution, and 7.5 mg of gold was adsorbed on 1 g of nylon fiber at pH 3, 25°C. The rate of adsorption increased with an increase in temperature. In the case of desorption, the solution containing cyanide ions at a pH as high as 10 was desirable to be employed as an eluant. By passing the simulated plating rinse through a column of nylon fiber, the adsorption and desorption of gold was successfully accomplished. The maximum concentration of gold in the eluant was approximately 600 ppm.     

Catalytic action of metallic salts in autoxidation and polymerization: 11. Polymerization of methacrylic acid esters with sodium hexanitrocobaltate in methanol-water

The polymerization of a series of methacrylic acid esters (methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and n-butyl) with sodium hexanitrocobaltate, Na₃[Co(NO₂)₆] was carried out in a methanol-water mixed solvent. The homogeneity of the polymerization system was dependent on the composition of the mixed solvent and greatly affected the rate of the polymerization. A maximum rate was obtained at approximately equimolar fractions of methanol and water in the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. The effect of bulkiness of ester groups on the polymerizability of each monomer was indistinguishable in the mixed solvent system. Kinetic study of the polymerization of methyl methacrylate in a mixed solvent of about an equimolar fraction of methanol and water gave the following polymerization equation: $\text{R}{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{= k[l]}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}\text{[}\text{M}\text{]}{}^2$, and an apparent activation energy of 10.6 kcal/mol. The copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and styrene with the initiator suggested that polymerization proceeded via a radical mechanism. The possibility of a certain interaction between initiator, solvent and monomer in the initial stage of the polymerization is discussed on the basis of the kinetic data, properties of oligomers of methyl methacrylate, spectroscopic and other data.