Impact of Postharvest Operations on Rice Grain Quality: A Review

Postharvest operations, such as drying, storage, and milling, have been used to ameliorate the aging of rice grains and to achieve and maintain desirable rice grain quality, and thus play a key role in determining rice commercial quality and value. This review summarizes publications from the past decade and outlines the evidence supporting attribution of grain quality changes induced by postharvest processes to changes in the physical properties and chemical composition of the rice grain (starch, protein, lipids, and antioxidants). Rice drying mainly affects rice milling quality as rice kernel fissuring that may occur during drying leads to head rice yield reduction. Rice grain aging occurring during storage is inevitable and responsible for the changes in rice appearance, milling, eating, cooking, and nutritional quality. As milling significantly changes the chemical composition of rice by removing protein‐ and lipid‐rich bran layers, milling can alter the aging process of rice and also affect rice appearance, eating, and sensory quality, but mainly affects the nutritional quality. Therefore, drying methods, storage conditions, and milling methods warrant further research to achieve and maintain the desired rice grain quality. This review may contribute to better understanding of the impacts of postharvest processes on rice grain quality, and provide insights into potential improvements in these practices for rice production and utilization in the whole rice industry.     

紫薯黑米凝固型酸乳的生产工艺研究

以紫薯和黑米为原料,对紫薯黑米凝固型酸乳的生产工艺进行研究。紫薯汁与黑米汁最佳体积比为1∶1,蔗糖添加量为7%,稳定剂选用低甲氧基果胶,紫薯黑米凝固型酸乳品质较好。通过响应面分析法确定紫薯黑米凝固型酸乳发酵最佳工艺,即为接种量为6.9%,紫薯汁和黑米汁添加量为12.7%,发酵温度为38.1℃,发酵时间为4.5 h。     

兔皮明胶/迷迭香酸复合膜在猪肉冷藏保鲜中的应用效果

制备含有不同质量浓度（0、0.3、0.5、0.8 g/L）迷迭香酸（rosmarinic acid,RosA）的兔皮明胶膜,采用明胶膜单独包装和以明胶膜作为内包、聚乙烯（polyethylene,PE）膜为外包两种方式对新鲜猪肉进行包装。结果表明：使用RosA明胶膜包装可有效抑制猪肉在冷藏过程中挥发性盐基氮含量、菌落总数和pH值的上升,并对脂肪氧化有一定抑制作用,且保鲜效果与实验选择范围内RosA的质量浓度呈正相关。0.8 g/L RosA明胶膜包装组与单纯PE包装组可分别使猪肉的货架期由4 d（对照组）延长至8 d和6 d,PE/0.8 g/L RosA明胶膜包装组则可将货架期延长至10 d。此外,通过测定色差、硬度等指标以及直观观察猪肉颜色,发现贮藏过程中PE/RosA明胶膜包装组较单独RosA明胶膜包装组可以更好地保持猪肉质构品质和色泽。因此,PE/RosA明胶膜可以作为一种有效的活性包装方式,用于肉类的冷藏保鲜。     

壮族传统装饰纹样对建筑空间设计的影响

本文对壮族传统装饰纹样的形态特征进行了分析,探讨了它们对广西特色建筑空间设计的影响。在此基础上,作者建议在进行特色建筑空间装饰设计时,既要运用具有民族的传统装饰纹样,又要融合现代科技信息,这样才能创作出既有传统民族特色,又能体现时代特征的优秀作品。     

家具设计研究定位于青少年健康的课外学习

本文从青少年的课外学习与行为方式的特点入手,结合中国国情以及社会现实,提出了青少年健康课外学习家具设计的课题,并以基本数据和相关案例为论据,论证和剖析了这一研究课题的必要性、可行性及其基本思路。     

武陵酱香型白酒工艺创新——控制酱香大曲酒前3轮次出酒率工艺研究(Ⅱ)

对酱香白酒生产过程高粱粉碎率、酱香大曲粉碎率、原料配比、堆积发酵等工艺进行创新和优化,可有效控制酱香大曲酒前3轮次酒的出酒率;改善前3轮次酒的口感;提高第4～第6轮次优质酒出酒率5％～6％,提高整个轮次酒出酒率1％～2％。     

PPS覆膜滤料的过滤性能及其在燃煤电厂的应用

通过VDI滤料模拟测试装置和SEM等仪器对PPS覆膜滤料的性能进行测试,并列举其在燃煤电厂中的应用情况,阐明PPS覆膜滤料具有优良的过滤性能,适合对粉尘排放要求较高的燃煤电厂的应用。     

FA311型并条机新型显示面板的研制

在介绍ＦＡ３１１型并条机新型显示面板性能的基础上，分析了它的硬件系统和软件设想思想。     

化学热磨机械浆漂白方式的比较

对H2O2、Na2S2O3和FAS等漂白剂在杉木CTMP绒毛浆生产过程中的基本应用方式和基本工艺做了研究和比较。结果表明：H2O2比其他还原性漂剂更适应于CTMP单段漂，漂后若继续提高白度，则第二段采用Na2S2O3或FAS还原漂的效果要优于继续使用H2O2漂白。