A Flocking-Based on Demand Routing Protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

研究人员的某社区显示出到自治雄蜂或 UAV (无人的天线车辆) 的兴趣与无线通讯网络的来临增加了。这些网络允许 UAV 以一种特定的方式更高效地合作以便在特定的环境完成特定的任务。到那么,当保持经由收音机连接在它的组与另外的节点连接了时,每只雄蜂独立地遨游。这个连接能故意被维持一会儿抑制雄蜂的活动性。这将对涉及在来源和一个目的地之间的给定的传播的一条给定的路径的雄蜂合适。这限制能在传播过程的结束被移开,每只担心的雄蜂的活动性从其它变得再独立。在这个工作,我们建议为 UAV 的一个基于成群的路由协议叫了 BR-AODV。协议为当数据正在被播送时,维持的连接和线路为雷纳兹机制的按需的线路计算,和 Boids 利用一个众所周知的特定的路由协议。而且,自动扎根的基础车站发现机制为为即时应用程序的上下文需要的一个积极雄蜂和地面网络协会被介绍了。BR-AODV 的表演被评估,与古典 AODV 路由的相比,协议和结果证明 BR-AODV 以延期,产量和包损失超过 AODV。     

Crosscumulants based approaches for the structure identification of Volterra models

In this paper, we address the problem of structure identification of Volterra models. It consists in estimating the model order and the memory length of each kernel. Two methods based on input-output crosscumulants are developed. The first one uses zero mean independent and identically distributed Caussian input, and the second one concerns a symmetric input sequence. Simulations are performed on six models having different orders and kernel memory lengths to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed methods.     

CATS: An adaptive traffic signal system based on car-to-car communication

Traffic signal controls play an important role in regulating vehicular flow at road intersections. Traditional systems are not capable of adjusting the timing pattern in accordance with vehicular demand. This results in excessive delays for road users. Hence it is necessary to develop dynamic systems that can adjust the timing patterns according to traffic demand. In this paper, the design and implementation of an adaptive traffic signal control system based on car-to-car communication is presented. Also, a clustering algorithm is defined which will assist in estimating the density of vehicles approaching an intersection. The cycle time, which is calculated using the estimated density of vehicular traffic, helps in reducing both the waiting time for vehicles at intersections and queue length. It is also shown that the proposed solution is collision free at intersections. The proposed system is compared with a classic pre-timed system and an adaptive fuzzy logic system. The simulations also show that the data convergence time and the communication delay between vehicles and traffic signals do not compromise the efficiency of the system.     

Hybrid Task and Message Scheduling in Hard Real Time Distributed Systems over FlexRay Bus

FlexRay is a vehicular communication protocol designed to meet growing requirements in hard real time automotive systems and to support time triggered as well as event triggered paradigms. Thus, there has been a lot of recent interest in timing analysis techniques in order to provide bounds for the message communication times on FlexRay. In this paper, we present an approach to compute the WCRT （worst case response time） for periodic and sporadic tasks, within a FlexRay node, responsible for sending messages on the FlexRay SS （static segment） and DS （dynamic segment）. On the other hand, we propose a scheduling table for messages transmitted over the FlexRay SS. An interesting innovation would be the use of a scheduling algorithm performed on a FlexRay node to guarantee the arrival of the right data on the right time and to ensure that every task meets its deadline. As application, we will use the extended SAE （society of automotive engineers） benchmark for the FlexRay network to identify the static and dynamic tasks, and calculate the response time, based on a hybrid scheduling model to further prove that the deadline of the SAE benchmark applications is insured.     

Analytical Analysis of Information-Centric Networking in Smart Grids

International Journal of Wireless Information Networks - Smart grid (SG), the new generation of power system, is relying on its communication layer in order to fill the old electricity system gaps....     

Changes in Lipid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Bitter Orange (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Citrus aurantium.</Emphasis> L) and Mandarin (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Citrus reticulata.</Emphasis> Blanco) Oilseeds on Different Stages of Maturity

Oilseeds from bitter orange and mandarin and its antioxidant activities were investigated in this study. The effects of harvesting times (D1: green color, D2 yellow color, D3: orange color) on the extraction yield of oilseed were studied. The maximum yield of 44% was achieved at D3 (bitter orange). The chemical composition of the oilseed was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The main methyl esters were linoleic acid (C18:2, 32–42%), palmitic acid (C16:0, 22–26%)), stearic acid (C18:0, 9.01%) and linolenic acid (C18:3, 4–10%). The antioxidant activity of oilseed was assessed by means of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay and β-carotene bleaching test. Both methods demonstrated notable antioxidant activities of bitter orange and mandarin oilseeds, which is nearly comparable to the references ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The antioxidant activities of the oilseeds were also found to be harvesting time-dependent.     

Nonlinear surface waves at ferrite-metamaterial waveguide structure

A new ferrite slab made of a metamaterial (MTM), surrounded by a nonlinear cover cladding and a ferrite substrate, was shown to support unusual types of electromagnetic surface waves. We impose the boundary conditions to derive the dispersion relation and others necessary to formulate the proposed structure. We analyse the dispersion properties of the nonlinear surface waves and we calculate the associated propagation index and the film–cover interface nonlinearity. In the calculation, several sets of the permeability of the MTM are considered. Results show that the waves behaviour depends on the values of the permeability of the MTM, the thickness of the waveguide and the film–cover interface nonlinearity. It is also shown that the use of the singular solutions to the electric field equation allows to identify several new properties of surface waves which do not exist in conventional waveguide.     

Multicast Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

We focus on one critical issue in mobile ad hoc networks that is multicast routing. Advantages and limitations of existing routing protocols are illustrated. Optimal routes, stable links, power conservation, loop freedom, and reduced channel overhead are the main features to be addressed in a more efficient mechanism. In this paper, we propose a new on-demand multicast routing protocol, named Source Routing-based Multicast Protocol (SRMP). Our proposition addresses two important issues in solving routing problems: (i) path availability concept, and (ii) higher battery life paths. SRMP applies a source routing mechanism, and constructs a mesh to connect group members. It provides stable paths based on links' availability according to future prediction of links' states, and higher battery life paths. This protocol succeeded to minimize network load via designing optimal routes that guarantee reliable transmission and active adaptability. A performance comparison study with On-demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) and Adaptive Demand-driven Multicast Routing (ADMR) protocol is undertaken. Analysis results show the strength of the SRMP nodes' selection criteria and its efficient energy consumption compared to the other two protocols.     

缺氧对大鼠心肌细胞色素氧化酶的影响——超微酶学图象分析

大鼠10只,分实验组(6只)和对照组(4只)。实验组大鼠(每次2只)置入密封玻璃容器内(容积5500ml),同时放入钠石灰100g,90分钟后杀死取左心室外侧壁作超微细胞色素氧化酶观察,并以正常大鼠作对照。对两组动物各50个线粒体的细胞色素氧化酶有关参数进行图象分析处理。结果表明,缺氧组动物心肌线粒体细胞色素氧化酶活性明显减弱。     

Prosopis farcta Seeds: Potential Source of Protein and Unsaturated Fatty Acids?

The goal of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of the Prosopis farcta seeds. The Kjeldahl method revealed that the level of the total protein was ca. 18 % on a dry weight basis (DW). Gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of six fatty acids. Linoleic acid with 57.55 % was the major fatty acid, followed by oleic and palmitic acids (24.58 and 12.91 %, respectively). Total phenolic content was 1.71 mg GAE/g DW (GAE = gallic acid equivalents). Methanolic extracts showed important antioxidant properties. This work highlights the importance of P. farcta seeds as natural and inexpensive sources of protein, unsaturated fatty acid, and phenolic compounds for both cosmetic and pharmaceutical uses.