Prevention of marital distress: Results of a German prospective longitudinal study.

This article reports on the development and long-term evaluation of a marital distress prevention program for German couples, the Ein Partnerschaftliches Lernprogramm (EPL, A Couple's Learning Program). The EPL is a 6-session program designed to teach couples effective communication and problem-solving skills. In the current article, the EPL is evaluated in a prospective, quasi-experimental, controlled trial. The results of the 3-year follow-up are reported, contrasting 55 EPL couples with a control group of 17 couples. Significant differences emerged with regard to the couples' dissolution rates, relationship satisfaction, and positive and negative communication behavior favoring the EPL couples. These results demonstrate the utility of the EPL program in assisting happy couples who are preparing for marriage. The implications of the findings for prevention research and for the dissemination of prevention programs are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Publication and citation of alcohol and drug articles in journals of the American Psychological Association.

Examined publishing practices of the American Psychological Association (APA) in the alcohol and drug area. Although the total number of articles published by APA increased only 7.6% between 1984 and 1990, the number of alcohol and drug articles more than doubled. Despite the disproportionate growth of alcohol and drug articles between 1984 and 1990, only 3.8% of 1,408 APA articles published in 1990 addressed alcohol and drug use issues. An earlier investigation by M. O. Howard and D. A. Howard (1992) reported that 541 articles published in 1984 in 12 alcohol and drug specialty journals received an average of 3.48 citations by the end of 1988. Alcohol and drug articles published by APA in 1984 received more than 4 times as many citations during this period. Also, alcohol and drug articles published by APA received significantly more citations between 1984 and 1988 than those published in specialty journals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermodynamic equations of state for hydrazine and monomethylhydrazine

Thermodynamic equations of state are evaluated for the aerospace fuels hydrazine and monomethylhydrazine using Peng-Robinson (PR) and Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) formulations. The PR formulation is shown to be the best fit for hydrazine, and the SRK formulation to be the best fit for monomethylhydrazine, based on available critical property data and evaluations of thermodynamic consistency. The adequacy of the differing property data for these fuels in the literature is discussed, and the methodology used to validate the formulations is outlined. The importance of using appropriate real fluid equations of state in thermodynamic safety and hazards analysis of fuel systems is demonstrated by considering an adiabatic compression of gaseous fuels previously postulated in accident scenarios of aerospace propulsion systems. Calculation of isentropic compression temperatures for pure components using ideal gas constant heat capacity, ideal gas with variable heat capacity, and real fluid equations of state are compared to illustrate the need for real fluid equations of state. In addition, three separate approaches are used for estimating isentropic compression temperatures for mixtures involving these fuels, again illustrating the importance of treating these mixtures as real fluids for design and safety analysis.     

Attitudes toward production pressure and patient safety: a survey of anesthesia residents

The detection and measurement of somatic cell mutation in vivo is an important subject of research for the assessment of human cancer risk induced by various environmental genotoxic factors. The possible mechanisms which influence the persistence of mutant cells of the hematoimmune system in the peripheral blood are presented. The erythroid system is a system which accumulates mutational lesions and so stably generates red blood cells with various phenotypic changes.     

The moderating influence of attitude strength on the susceptibility to context effects in attitude surveys.

In 3 experiments, the authors assessed whether attitude strength moderates the susceptibility of attitudes to item context effects in surveys. In Experiment 1, respondents completed multiple measures of attitude strength. Three weeks later, respondents participated in a context experiment. Results revealed that respondents with weak attitudes exhibited significantly larger context effect for 1 of 2 issues. In Experiment 2, the results of Experiment 1 were conceptually replicated by use of measures of interattitudinal embeddedness to assess attitude strength. In Experiment 3, significant strength-moderated context effects were found when attitude strength was assessed in a multi-item, multidimensional manner but not when it was assessed with a single item. Discussion focuses on measurement and theoretical issues related to the moderation and mediation of context effects in attitude surveys. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Direct activity measurements in liquid Ag−Cu alloys using a valved knudsen cell-mass spectrometer system

The primary objective of this investigation was to demonstrate a new method of measuring activities. The mass spectrometric analysis of effusates from a unique valved Knudsen cell was used to determine the activity of Ag in the liquid Ag−Cu system at 1400 K. The alloy compositions were varied from one composition extreme to the otherin situ. The system exhibits positive deviation from ideal behavior, and the results are in agreement with previous investigations and are summarized by the equation

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