急性炎性疾病患者乳酸林格氏液液体动力学

目的:探索炎性疾病患者的乳酸林格氏液（Ringer's lactate,RL）液体动力学特征以及炎性生物标记物是否可以作为协变量影响RL分布和排泄。方法:本研究为前瞻性队列研究。选择40例美国麻醉医师分级（ASA）I-II级，腹腔镜下择期胆囊切除术（胆囊炎组，n=20）或者腹腔镜下急诊阑尾切除术（阑尾炎组，n=20）。所有患者麻醉诱导前开始输注RL，按15 mL/kg，35 min内输毕。采用酶联免疫（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）方法测定血浆炎症（TNF-α,IL-10和CRP）或者内皮损伤生物标记物（syndecan-1,SDC-1）；利用血红蛋白（Hb）稀释-时间曲线和尿量，使用Phoenix软件，采用非线性混合效应模型分析计算RL液体动力学参数和协变量的影响。结果:与胆囊炎组相比，阑尾炎组RL从组织间隙到血浆的转运速率常数（k21）显著降低（14×10-3min-1 versus 35×10-3min-1;P=0.012）。阑尾炎组C反应蛋白（CRP）升高［中位数38.1(1.8-143.6) μg/mL versus 1.3(0.1-159.0) μg/mL;P<0.001］；与清醒状态相比，麻醉期间（输液开始后30～45 min），液体从中央室中到外周室的转运速率常数（k12）显著增加（57×10-3min-1 versus 32×10-3min-1；P<0.01）。清除速率常数（k10）降低90%（0.6×10-3min-1 versus 5.3×10-3min-1;P<0.001）。无论在清醒状态还是麻醉状态下低血压均能降低液体清除；炎症或者内膜损伤的生物标记物不能作为显著影响RL液体动力学参数的协变量。结论:阑尾炎或者胆囊炎患者术前输入液体后“炎症反应的生物标记物”不是RL的液体动力学的协变量，但是两组患者中，全身麻醉期间输入液体的清除率下降。     

Combined effects of wheat gluten and carboxymethylcellulose on dough rheological behaviours and gluten network of potato–wheat flour-based bread

Incorporating high level of potato flour into wheat flour enhances nutritional values of bread but induces a series of problems that lead to the decline of the bread quality. To overcome the barrier, wheat gluten and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were added into potato–wheat composite flour to improve dough machinability and bread quality. The rheological properties, thermo-mechanical properties and microstructures of dough were investigated. The results showed that the interaction between gluten and CMC mitigated the discontinuity of gluten matrix and gluten protein aggregation caused by the addition of potato flour, which yielded a more branched and compact gluten network. The compact three-dimensional viscoelastic structure induced improvements of gas retention capacity and dough stability, making it mimic the machinability properties of wheat flour dough. Bread qualities were apparently improved with the combined use of 4% gluten and 6% CMC, of which specific volume increased by 42.86%, and simultaneously, hardness reduced by 75.93%.     

Dual Inhibition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and Respiratory Chain Complex Induces Apoptosis by a Mitochondria-Targeted Fluorescent Organic Arsenical in vitro and in vivo

Based on the potential therapeutic value in targeting mitochondria and the fluorophore tracing ability, a fluorescent mitochondria-targeted organic arsenical PDT-PAO-F16 was fabricated, which not only visualized the cellular distribution, but also exerted anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo via targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria. In details, PDT-PAO-F16 mainly accumulated into mitochondria within hours and suppressed the activity of PDHC resulting in the inhibition of ATP synthesis and thermogenesis disorder. Moreover, the suppression of respiratory chain complex I and IV accelerated the mitochondrial dysfunction leading to caspase family-dependent apoptosis. In vivo, the acute promyelocytic leukemia was greatly alleviated in the PDT-PAO-F16 treated group in APL mice model. Our results demonstrated the organic arsenical precursor with fluorescence imaging and target-anticancer efficacy is a promising anticancer drug.     

餐饮废油生物柴油低温流动性的改进研究

使用气-质联用仪测定餐饮废油生物柴油(WCME)和-10号柴油(-10PD)的组成,使用冷滤点试验器和运动黏度试验器测定WCME的低温流动性,同时使用调合、添加低温流动性改进剂的方法改进WCME的低温流动性。实验结果表明,WCME主要由饱和脂肪酸甲酯和不饱和脂肪酸甲酯组成,质量分数分别为27.63%和71.81%;WCME冷滤点为0℃,运动黏度(40℃)为4.41mm2/s;WCME与-10PD调合后,冷滤点降低,其中B20的冷滤点最低,为-13℃,运动黏度随着WCME的体积分数的减少,逐渐接近-10PD的运动黏度。通过添加低温流动性改进剂,WCME,B10,B20的冷滤点分别从0,-8,-13℃降至-4,-26,-25℃。