Diagnosis of pulmonary infections in mechanically ventilated patients

The optimal management strategy for ventilator-dependent patients who develop symptoms suggestive of lung infection remains controversial. Proponents of the empirical approach prefer to treat most patients with fever and pulmonary infiltrates with one or more new antibiotics, even if it may be difficult (1) to determine whether pneumonia has developed in such patients, (2) in case of infection, to precisely identify the responsible microorganisms and thereby select the optimal antimicrobial treatment, and (3) to avoid resorting to broad-spectrum drug coverage in patients without true infection. Our personal bias is that using bronchoscopic techniques to obtain protected specimen brush and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from the affected area in the lung permits to devise a therapeutic strategy superior to the one based only on clinical evaluation. These bronchoscopic techniques, when they are performed before new antibiotics are administered, enable physicians to identify most patients who need immediate treatment and select optimal therapy, in a manner that is safe and well tolerated by patients. Furthermore, they frequently permit the clinician to withhold antimicrobial treatment in patients without infection, minimizing the risk of the emergence of resistant microorganisms in the intensive care unit. In patients with clinical evidence of severe sepsis, the initiation of antibiotic therapy should not, however, be delayed while awaiting bronchoscopy, and patients should be given immediate treatment with antibiotics. In that case, "simplified" non-bronchoscopic diagnostic procedures might allow obtaining reliable distal pulmonary secretions for quantitative cultures on a 24-hour basis just before the initiation of a new antimicrobial therapy.     

An efficient microfluidic sorter: implementation of double meandering micro striplines for magnetic particles switching

The ability to trap, manipulate, and separate magnetic beads has become one of the key requirements in realizing an integrated magnetic lab-on-chip biosensing system. In this article, we present the design and fabrication of an integrated magneto-fluidic device for sorting magnetic particles with a sorting efficiency of up to 95%. The actuation and manipulation of magnetic beads are realized using microfabricated square meandering current-carrying micro striplines. The current is alternated between two neighboring micro striplines to switch the magnetic beads to either one of the two outlets. We performed a series of parametric study to investigate the effect of applied current, flow rate, and switching frequency on the sorting efficiency. Experimental results reveal that the sorting efficiency is proportional to the square of current applied to the stripline, and decreases with increasing buffer flow rate and switching frequency. Such phenomena agree well with our theoretical analysis and simulation result. The fastest switching rate, which is limited by the microchannel geometry and bead velocity, is 2 Hz.     

一种典型的刷流量黑客攻击现象分析

利用控制“肉鸡”方式刷流量的黑客攻击现象日益频发,本文通过一典型案例,分析该作案手法的特点。     

基于单片机和模数转换器的实用测试系统

介绍了测试系统的基本原理、硬件组成部分,应用DSC转换技术模拟出空中飞行时的各种复杂的飞行信号;提出了一种改进的单片机与DSC转换器的接口设计方法,应用于航空仪表的日常维护、维修及测试中;系统实现了测试航空仪表时所需要的三相同步模拟信号的产生,并将这些信号信息在数码管上直观的显示,提高了测试过程的自动化和智能化水平以及测试的效率和精度,能够有效保证航空仪表设备在空中飞行时的准确性和可靠性,具有较高的实用价值.     

智能科学与技术本科专业“小学期”制教学思考

针对湖南大学智能科学与技术专业现行本科教学计划专业特色、学科交叉性等问题,在分析新的小学期制度基础上,本文阐述新制订的智能科学与技术专业本科教学计划,并探索了小学期制度下教学改革的部分举措,以期通过调整和改革使湖南大学智能科学与技术本科专业的建设更上一个台阶,为本专业的人才培养作出积极贡献。     

三菱PLC的状态编程法在顺序控制系统中的应用

介绍使用三菱FX1N-40MR PLC实现机械动力头自动控制的程序设计,并以此归纳总结三菱FX系列PLC用于顺序控制系统时,采用状态编程法的优点及要点.     

Some notes on Zadeh’s extensions

This paper shows that the Zadeh’s extensions of sendograph-metric-continuous fuzzy-valued functions are sendograph-metric-continuous fuzzy functions.     

电磁式爬壁机器人平台

本文介绍了一种新型电磁式爬壁机器人平台。机器人平台从客观需求出发,利用电磁铁可以吸附铁质物体的原理,实现机器人在铁质壁面上竖直攀爬。机器人平台以单片机为控制核心,控制四只仿生脚的行动和电磁铁的吸附,由无线控制器实现远程控制。平台搭载多种传感器,以检测机器人周围的环境状态,并应用无线传输技术,将传感器监测数据时时传回控制电脑。还可由电脑控制,利用机器人上加装的机械臂,完成简单操作。本项目作品可以应用于强热辐射、浓烟、污染气体等复杂环境的场所实施远程测控,也可以应用于船体、高炉检测等方面。     

一种基于入侵场景的可视化呈现系统

针对入侵检测系统警报日志传统的分析方法在处理海量信息时存在认知困难、实时交互性不强等问题,提出了基于入侵场景的可视化呈现系统,完成从警报日志到入侵场景的可视化过程,并利用3D游戏引擎将网络攻击过程在3D场景中展现出来.目标是使网络分析人员能够在更高层次对网络安全状况有深入的认识,以做出相应判断和应对.通过用户评价和性能测试实验证明其具备可用性并具有较强的可视化能力.     

TempDB:时态数据管理系统

为了适应时态数据库发展需求,针对目前时态数据库技术实现则相对滞后现状,设计和实现了时态数据处理原型系统TempDB. TempDB采用中间件的架构实现,使用具有代表性的时态查询语言--ATSQL2,将时态操作语言转换成与之语义等价的、标准的SQL语言,然后在后台DBMS上执行,实现了基本的时态数据管理功能. TempDB总结应用了相关理论知识,同时也为时态数据库系统的产品化积累了经验.