3D Porous Cu Current Collectors Derived by Hydrogen Bubble Dynamic Template for Enhanced Li Metal Anode Performance

Lithium (Li) metal is the most ideal anode material for high‐energy density batteries. However, the high activity of Li metal, the large volume change, and Li dendrite formation during cycling hinder its practical application. Herein, 3D porous Cu synthesized through a simple time‐saving hydrogen bubble dynamic template method is used as a host for the improved performance Li metal anode. Contrary to the planar Cu foil, the synthesized 3D porous structure can reduce the local current density, suppress the mossy/dendritic Li growth, and buffer the volume change in the Li metal anode. Highly stable Coulombic efficiency is achieved at different specific current densities (0.5, 1, and 2 mA cm^?2) with a capacity of 1.0 mAh cm^?2. Moreover, symmetrical Li|Li‐3D Cu cells show more stable cyclic performance with a lower overpotential even at a high current density of 3 mA cm^?2.     

Combustion Synthesized Zinc Oxide Electron‐Transport Layers for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have advanced rapidly with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) now exceeding 22%. Due to the long diffusion lengths of charge carriers in the photoactive layer, a PSC device architecture comprising an electron‐ transporting layer (ETL) is essential to optimize charge flow and collection for maximum performance. Here, a novel approach is reported to low temperature, solution‐processed ZnO ETLs for PSCs using combustion synthesis. Due to the intrinsic passivation effects, high crystallinity, matched energy levels, ideal surface topography, and good chemical compatibility with the perovskite layer, this combustion‐derived ZnO enables PCEs approaching 17–20% for three types of perovskite materials systems with no need for ETL doping or surface functionalization.     

Distinctive Performance of Terahertz Photodetection Driven by Charge‐Density‐Wave Order in CVD‐Grown Tantalum Diselenide

The quantum behavior of carriers in solid is the foundation of modern electronic and optoelectronic technology, but it is still facing huge challenges within inherited single‐particle quantum processes working at the millimeter wave/terahertz (THz) band. Here, a straightforward strategy for the direct detection of millimeter wave/THz photons in a sub‐wavelength metal‐TaSe₂‐metal structure under strong interaction with a localized field of surface plasmon is proposed. By breaking the inversion symmetry under the perturbations of electric field and atomic reconstruction from van der Waals integration, the nonequilibrium electronic states under a radiant field can be manipulated in a collective fashion, leading to a large photocurrent responsivity over 40 A W^?1 and noise equivalent power less than 1 pW Hz^?1/2 even at room temperature. A more than 40‐fold enhancement in responsivity is achieved when transitioning from the normal phase to the CDW phase. The findings shed fresh light on the understanding of the delicate balance in the charge‐ordered phase, and facilitate the exploitation of a correlated electron system for optoelectronic applications in fields of security, remote sensing, and imaging.     

S波段圆波导缝隙全向天线的设计

设计了一种S波段圆波导缝隙全向天线,该天线是在圆波导柱面上开凿一定数量的纵列缝,组成缝隙阵列。经过仿真优化设计和测试,天线在360°方位面范围内幅度起伏小,具有很好的全向特性,目前天线已成功地应用到了雷达产品中。     

Engineering Metal Nanoclusters for Targeted Therapeutics: From Targeting Strategies to Therapeutic Applications

Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have recently attracted great interest in biomedical applications due to their ultrasmall size, good biocompatibility, and unique molecule-like physical and chemical properties. Metal NCs can be rationally designed and integrated with various targeting moieties to achieve unique physicochemical properties and functions. For therapeutic applications, these multifunctional surface-modified NCs can provide distinctive advantages over native metal NCs, such as improved therapeutic effects and reduced side effects. In this review, the design principles of targeting strategies for metal NCs and their composites, including passive and active targeting, and physical and chemical targeting are first discussed. The authors then focus on the recent achievements in the application of metal NCs in targeted therapeutics, including chemotherapy, phototherapy, and radiotherapy. Finally, the authors’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities of developing metal NCs in targeted therapeutics, further paving their way for potential clinical applications are provided.     

机电伺服系统的组合式能源技术研究

针对当前伺服能源论证需求分析,结合机电伺服系统长时小功率、瞬时高功率、制动负功率的用电特性,提出采用基于能量管理的组合式伺服能源方法,提高了伺服系统的能量利用率;通过试验验证,该方法既满足用电要求,又保证了伺服电源高可靠性、轻小型化的设计,为伺服能源设计提出新思路、新方法。     

液体运载火箭启动过程气枕压力变化分析

以氦气瓶贮气闭式控制增压系统启动过程气枕压力变化规律为研究对象,讨论了增压系统响应时间、不同初始气枕容积、不同发动机流量启动加速性对启动过程气枕最小压力的影响。分析结果表明:对于大中型液体运载火箭,如能有效控制增压系统响应时间,使用较小的初始气枕容积即可保证启动过程发动机入口压力要求及贮箱载荷条件要求,可有效提高箭体结构效率。     

波分复用光传飞行控制系统的研究

开发了一种多路数字信息进行波分复用的光纤传输系统。着重构建光发射端机、光接收端机及光波分复用器的物理系统, 提高了飞控系统信号的传输速率, 减少误码率。在具有良好解耦及动特性的直升机显模型跟踪电传飞行控制系统(MFCS)的基础上, 进行了直升机贴地飞行的地形回避半物理仿真。通过光传与电传性能对比, 验证了所开发的波分复用光传飞行控制系统的可行性, 具有工程实用意义。     

改进的神经网络和灰色理论在故障诊断中的应用

在分析神经网络和灰色关联度诊断方法的基础上,研究并提出了改进的BP神经网络和ABO灰色关联度诊断法。应用小波分析法对齿轮箱振动信号进行小波消噪,提取了信号的时频域特征参数。讨论了特征参数的无量纲化处理方法,并结合ABO灰色关联度诊断法简单易于实现和BP神经网络法诊断精度较高的特点,完成了齿轮箱的故障模式识别和诊断决策。     

Light-Controlled Nanosystem with Size-Flexibility Improves Targeted Retention for Tumor Suppression

Although great promise has been achieved with nanomedicines in cancer therapy, limitations are still encountered, such as short retention time in the tumor. Herein, a nanosystem that can modulate the particle size in situ by near-infrared (NIR) light is self-assembled by cross-linking the surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) from the up-conversion nanoparticle with indocyanine green and doxorubicin–nitrobenezene–polyethylene glycol (DOX–NB–PEG). The nanosystem with its small size (≈100 nm) achieves better tumor targeting, while the PEG on the surface of the nanosystem can effectively shield the adsorption of proteins during blood circulation, maintaining a stable nanostructure and achieving good tumor targeting. Moreover, the nanosystem at the tumor realizes the rapid shedding of PEG on its surface by NIR irradiation, and the enhanced cellular uptake. At the same time, aggregation occurs inside the nanosystem to form bigger particles (≈600 nm) in situ, prolonging the retention time at the tumor and producing enhanced targeted therapeutic effects. In vitro data show higher cellular uptake and a higher rate of apoptosis after irradiation, and the in vivo data prove that the nanosystem have a longer residence time at the tumor site after NIR irradiation. This nanosystem demonstrates an effective therapeutic strategy in targeted synergistic tumors.