A GIS Framework for Changing Cropping Pattern Under Different Climate Conditions and Irrigation Availability Scenarios

Irrigation water availability is a main driver which determines cropping patterns for an irrigation area. Irrigation water availability will potentially reduce due to changes in climate and irrigation extraction limits. Cropping patterns should be adjusted to meet this challenge. This study presents a new approach for assessing future cropping patterns using GIS in combination with an Irrigation Water Availability Simulation model (IWAS) at irrigation area scale. The IWAS-GIS framework was developed for analysis of cropping pattern options based on the forecast of irrigation water availability in 2030 for the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area (MIA) which is one of the most important irrigation areas in Australia. Six scenarios considering climatic conditions and the irrigation availabilities were input into the IWAS-GIS framework to simulate cropping pattern changes corresponding to predicted monthly irrigation water availability. Cropping patterns were designed by integration of soil type and irrigation water availability to improve irrigation sustainability. Simulations results indicate that the total irrigated areas will likely decrease with drier climate and less irrigation availability. Rice and pasture areas change significantly when climate and irrigation availability varies. Under the same climate condition, horticulture area increases when irrigation availability decrease. The percentage of lands which are unsuitable for cropping has reduced with the drying climate and shrinking irrigation availability. The IWAS-GIS is simple to implement and provides an easy way for assessing spatial cropping pattern changes based on irrigation water availability. This framework was developed to help irrigators plan cropping patterns corresponding to irrigation water availability. It is flexible to be adopted for similar applications in other irrigation areas.     

Axiomatization and conditions for neighborhoods in a covering to form a partition

In this paper, we study the axiomatic issue of a type of covering upper approximation operations. This issue was proposed as an open problem. We also further some known results by using only a single covering approximation operator to characterize the conditions for neighborhood {N(x): x ∈ U} to form a partition of universe U.     

In Vivo and In Vitro Degradation Behavior of Magnesium Alloys as Biomaterials

The corrosion behavior of pure Mg,AZ31,and AZ91D were evaluated in various in vitro and in vivo environments to investigate the potential application of these metals as biodegradable implant materials.DC polarization tests and immersion tests were performed in different simulated body solutions,such as distilled(DI) water,simulated body fluid(SBF) and phosphate buffered solution(PBS).Mg/Mg alloys were also implanted in different places in a mouse for in vivo weight loss and biocompatibility investigations.The in vivo subcutis bio-corrosion rate was lower than the corrosion rate for all of the in vitro simulated corrosive environments.The Mg/Mg alloys were biocompatible based on histology results for the liver,heart,kidney,skin and lung of the mouse during the two months implantation.Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to investigate the morphology and topography of Mg/Mg alloys after immersion testing and implantation to understand the corrosion mechanisms.     

Mechanically strong conducting hydrogels with special double-network structure

Mechanically strong conducting hydrogels composed of poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) have been synthesized through the construction of a special double-network (sDN) structure. The novelty of the sDN hydrogels lies in the introduction of PEDOT-PSS semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogel as the second network. Based on the experimental results and the double-network theory, an additional strengthening effect resulting from the formation of the PEDOT clusters in a three-step fracture process is proposed. The applicability of as-prepared PAAm/PEDOT-PSS sDN hydrogels in electromechanical actuators is also briefly discussed.     

中海壳牌公司在检修工作中的HSE管理

介绍壳牌公司在HSE管理上所做的工作、管理水平、对承包商的要求及认识到清洗公司今后在清洗施工及HSE管理上要努力的方向。     

Advances in estimation methods of vegetation water content based on optical remote sensing techniques

Quantitative estimation of vegetation water content(VWC) using optical remote sensing techniques is helpful in forest fire as-sessment,agricultural drought monitoring and crop yield estimation.This paper reviews the research advances of VWC retrieval using spectral reflectance,spectral water index and radiative transfer model(RTM) methods.It also evaluates the reli-ability of VWC estimation using spectral water index from the observation data and the RTM.Focusing on two main definitions of VWC—the fuel mois...     

整体式履带行走机构驱动轮轮齿设计及CAE分析

驱动轮作为煤矿机械行走机构的关键零件,其结构的优劣直接影响设备性能及行走机构的使用寿命。介绍2种驱动轮轮齿的结构设计方法,并且进行CAE分析,验证安全系数。     

智能电表家用负荷识别技术综述

智能电表是智能电网发展的基础,负荷识别是智能电表的重要功能之一。简单介绍了在家用负荷识别中的负荷特征,阐述了目前比较常用的几种非侵入式负荷识别方法,分析了各种负荷识别方法的优缺点,讨论了负荷识别技术研究的意义以及在实际应用中面临的问题。     

可充镁电池正极材料Mg_(0.75)Mn_(0.15)Fe_(1.1)SiO_4的制备及电化学性能

采用简单的熔盐方法,在KCl熔盐介质中800、900℃以及1 000℃不同烧结温度下制备了可充镁电池正极材料Mg0.75Mn0.15Fe1.1SiO4。经粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试表明,随烧结温度升高,材料结晶性提高,颗粒粒径增大。将其作为活性物质制作成极片,以0.25 mol/LMg(AlCl2EtBu)2/THF为电解液,镁条为对电极,组装成CR2016扣式电池。在0.1 C(20.86 mA/g)下,800、900℃以及1 000℃温度下制备的材料第20次循环放电比容量分别达到了122.9、130.0、54.3 mAh/g。     

基于内模原理的自适应电流检测系统研究

传统自适应电流检测方法因受到低信噪比检测环境引起的交互式误差干扰的严重影响,难以兼顾检测方法的快速性和精确性。本文提出了一种新颖的自适应电流检测方法,引入滑动积分滤波器(SIF)消除谐波电流的干扰,并获取基波有功、无功电流幅值估算误差。基于内模控制原理构成有功、无功电流的自适应检测闭环系统,快速、准确地分离提取畸变负载电流中的目标电流分量。文中对所提出的自适应电流检测方法建立了数学模型,并基于控制理论中的方法对本文电流检测方法的收敛性及其快速性、精确性进行了理论分析,为自适应电流检测方法的性能设计提供了理论指导。最后,通过仿真和实验证明本文所提出理论和方法的正确性与有效性。