Using multithreshold quadratic sigmoidal neurons to improveclassification capability of multilayer perceptrons

This letter proposes a new type of neurons called multithreshold quadratic sigmoidal neurons to improve the classification capability of multilayer neural networks. In cooperation with single-threshold quadratic sigmoidal neurons, the multithreshold quadratic sigmoidal neurons can be used to improve the classification capability of multilayer neural networks by a factor of four compared to committee machines and by a factor of two compared to the conventional sigmoidal multilayer perceptrons.     

Subpubic sinus: a remnant of cloaca

A 14-month-old girl had purulent discharge from a sinus over the subpubic region for 2 weeks. Radiography and voiding cystourethrography revealed a 4.5 cm. long fistula extending to the retropubic region without any connection to the lower urinary tract. The fistula was excised. Histological findings revealed that the fistula had 3 different types of epithelium: stratified squamous, transitional and columnar. Clinical and pathological findings indicated that the sinus was most likely a remnant of the cloaca.     

嵌入设计--可编程逻辑的焦点

把可编程逻辑同预设计的标准嵌入处理器内核、片内存储器和外设结合到复杂的单芯片系统中的新产品正在涌现,这在以前是根本不可思议的。集成了快速SDRAM控制器、UART、记时器和片内双口存储器等外设的高性能嵌入处理器和可编程逻辑的单芯片系统,比采用分立部件具有更高的系统性能,相对ASIC具有更短的设计周期。     

Effects of pressurized cooking on the relationship between the chemical compositions and texture changes of lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)

The texture of lotus root is hard and crispy, and the root can maintain its appearance and mouth feel after cooking at 100 °C for over 60 min. This study tried to elucidate relationships between pressurized cooking treatments (at 100 °C for 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 min and at 110 °C, 121 °C and 132 °C for 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30 min, respectively) and changes in its chemical composition and texture. Results showed that the contents of hemi-cellulose and cellulose of lotus root decreased with increasing pressurized cooking temperature/duration during heat treatment while lignin content remained almost the same. The NDF contents decreased more than did the ADF contents. Relative hardness of lotus root decreased with increasing pressurized cooking temperature/duration while solid loss increased (P < 0.05). These results could be used as references for the lotus root industry, as well as an academic basis for future development.     

HYDROGEN MASS TRANSFER IN HYDROGEN- METHANE-TETRALIN AND HYDROGEN-ETHANE-TETRALIN SYSTEMS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES

The volumetric mass transfer coefficient of hydrogen for the systems of hydrogen-methane-tetralin and hydrogen-ethane-tetralin at temperatures up to 650  K and pressures to 7 MPa were studied. Experiments were carried out using an automated hydrogen probe. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient of hydrogen decreased as the methane and ethane partial pressures increased as a consequence of the multicomponent transfer caused by the presence of the hydrocarbon gases. The presence of a second solute has a large effect on the hydrogen mass transfer rates at lower temperatures and lower initial hydrogen partial pressures than at higher values. These results indicate that light hydrocarbon production during coal liquefaction operations could adversely affect the overall liquefaction operation.     

CAMAC-CPIB接口电路

本文介绍CAMAC-GPIB接口电路,它允许任何满足GPIB标准的仪器联接到CAMAC系统中。该插件在CAMAC系统中是一个从设备,而在GPIB系统中则是主设备,使GPIB系统成为CAMAC系统的子系统。     

Studies of reactions with polymers. I. The reaction of maleic anhydride with PVA and the properties of the resultant

Graft copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) onto PVA was carried out both in the presence and absence of the initiator. In the former case, the resultant was a copolymer containing a carboxylic acid and a keto-olefinic side chain. Therefore, the reaction product, viscosity, gel content, and mechanical properties differed from the resultant of the latter, which was obtained by esterification of PVA by MA. Both resultants showed polyelectrolytes characteristics. The dependence of the grafting percentage on the concentration of the initiator, the concentration of the monomer, the reaction temperature, and the reaction medium was studied. Grafted copolymers after heat treatment showed remarkable mechanical strength in the wet state when compared with original PVA.     

Effects of trap-state density reduction by plasma hydrogenation inlow-temperature polysilicon TFT

The reduction of trap-state densities by plasma hydrogenation in n-channel polysilicon thin-film transistors (poly-TFTs) fabricated using a maximum temperature of 600°C has been studied. Hydrogenated devices have a mobility of ~40 cm²/V×5, a threshold voltage of ~2 V, an inverse subthreshold of ~ 0.55 V/decade, and a maximum on/off current ratio of 5×10⁸. The effective channel length decreases by ~0.85 μm after a short hydrogenation which may be attributed to the activation of donors at trap states near the source/drain junctions. Trap-state densities decrease from 1.6×10¹² to 3.5×10¹¹ cm^-2 after hydrogenation, concomitant with the reduction of threshold voltage. Using the gate lengths at which the trap-state densities deviate from the long-channel values as markets for the leading edge of passivation, the apparent hydrogen diffusivity is found to be 1.2×10^-11 cm²/s at 350°C in the TFT structure     

先进汽车电子产品及其相关存储器件

计算机和电子行业的进步最终给司机、乘客同汽车的互动方式带来了极其显著的变革。从汽车电子产品显示架构就可以清楚地看出,在未来很长一段时间内,电子系统的进步将会继续促进和影响汽车技术的发展(参见图1)。本文则将探讨一个问题:从一名汽车电子产品的设计师的角度来说,这些系统应该选用什么样的存储器?汽车电子系统用到了所有主要类型的存储器——SRAM、DRAM和非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory,NVM)。在下面的小节里,我们将考察它们在汽车电子产品中的应用方式。SRAMSRAM属于静态、随机存取的存储器件。其数据存储方式是静态…     

Pharmacokinetics and effect of food on the bioavailability of orally administered venlafaxine

Venlafaxine is a unique antidepressant currently under evaluation for treatment of various affective disorders. The pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of venlafaxine were evaluated in healthy volunteers after oral administration. The bioavailability of 50 mg of venlafaxine as a tablet relative to a solution was determined in a two-period randomized crossover study. The rate of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract was assessed by the time to peak plasma concentration (tmax), a model-dependent calculation of the first-order absorption rate constant, and a model-independent calculation of mean residence time. The extent of absorption was assessed by peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). No statistically significant differences were observed between the two formulations for either the rate or extent of absorption. Similarly, systemic concentrations of the active O-demethylated metabolite did not significantly differ after administration of the two venlafaxine formulations. AUC ratios indicated that the relative bioavailabilities of the parent drug, and formulation of metabolite were approximately 98% and 92%, respectively, for the tablet versus the solution. A separate study was conducted to examine the influence of food on venlafaxine absorption from the 50-mg tablet. A standard, medium-fat breakfast eaten immediately before drug administration delayed the tmax of venlafaxine but did not affect Cmax or AUC. Therefore the tablet formulation of venlafaxine is bioequivalent to the oral solution, and the presence of food appears to decrease the rate but not the extent of absorption of venlafaxine from the tablet formulation.